VARIABILITY AND CHROMATICITY MULTIPLE QUASARS.Author:
AURORA MARIA ULLAN NIETO.
Year: 2005.
University:
CANTABRIA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Summary: This thesis is based on the study of the strong gravitational lens effect on two cuáseres manifold: QSO 0957 +561 and SBS 0909 +532. In Q0957 +561 observed two images (A and B) relatively separated (approximately 6segundos arc) distant from the same source. The gravitational lens is a cluster of galaxies, and the lens effect is due to a giant elliptical galaxy (G) in the heart of the pile. For this cuásar double has become the most comprehensive and up to date, including light curves in the filter VyR net through observations with the 'Nordic Optical Telescope' within international collaboration GLITP, spectroscopy UV-óptica-IR through observations with the space telescope 'Hubble', and new flows into the filters VyR obtained through measures Station Observation Calar Alto (EOCA). We have used two different methods photometric and has been made to separate the flow due to the main lens (G) flow correspoondiente to image B (only 1segundo arc). Thus, we have characterized variability cuásar during periods of observation (2000-2003) and obtained the first reasons flux B / A robust filters in V and R. Using these new flow reasons, it showed that the giant galaxy (G) and / or other objects between the observer and cuásar may contain significant quantities of dust and gas producing differential extinction. This hypothesis was confirmed by studying color with the data of HST. The spectra revealed that the dark halo of G principlamente is enmaterial not collapsed, and that probably includes clouds of gas and dusty compact. Moreover, it has been studied cuásar dobe SBS 0909 +532 (compact system with separation between imágnes of 1 second of arc), and the primers were obtained curves in light filters V and R. Never before had submitted a relationship vs. flow. Time for the two images separately. We have seen in the EOCA, while others did so in the Observatory Maidanak (Uzbekistan) and the Wise Observatory (Israel). We have presented the first study on the variability of cuásar and coming stars, who found a star field is variable. In addition, variability cuásar on filter R has identified the delay between pictures, 45 +1-11 days (95% confidence). This is a basic amount to discuss the current expansion of the universe and the surface density of the galaxy lens.
