FOREST PRODUCTS

Author: GORDO ALONSO FRANCISCO JAVIER.
Year: 2003.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES (U.POLITECNICA DE MADRID).

Summary: It presents the work of mass selection of large producers of fruit Pinus pinea L.en the Northern Plateau region of origin. Such actions fall within the program majora genetics in Castilla y Leon, which seeks to provide an alternative to marginal agricultural crops in the region through its destination clonal plantations of large producers. It has been analyzed for 40 years, the change of pineapple production in 58 mountains government of the province of Valladolid, with an area of 16000 has been productive. To harvest occurred -7 bad, 10 regular 8 normal and 7excelentes not find any cycle has been fixed vecería justifying the variations with respect to an average productivity of 198 kg / ha.El model regrasión established explains a 58 hearing cuebti the production, giving 46 per cent to factors externos-en particularly the amount of rainfall from January to May of the year of flowering - and the rest to the burden of pineapple at the time of induction floral.El adjustment of frequencies the harvests to a exponential distribution function to estimate their time of return, which set the minimum length of the evaluation process tree candidates for large producers in six years. The spatial variation of productivity among mountains also find some explanation for factors related to soil properties, the input water fréatica surface and the greater precipitation due to the altitud.Por estemotivo the selcción individual genotypes large producers afectuada has focused with productions in the hills above average and stands in uniform to compare trees candidates among themselves. The population base has been formed evaluated with 135 trees candidates, distributed in 27 rodales.Para characterize their individual variability has been followed up pluranual durant eight harvests -3 bad, 2 regular and 3 best - and conéste analyze variable production pineapple and piñon. Finally, through a model of phenotypic selection has been elected 35 trees plus the established population mejora.Este model logarithmic linear harvest average piñon explanatory variables included as a constant stand, the size of árbol-estimado for their area basimetrica - and space vital.El model justifies the 83 percent of the variation among trees, while the residual value is interpreted how estimator of the productive capacity of the candidate for selection of independent variables in the model.

Author: LAMOSA QUINTERO SANTIAGO.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: ESCOLA POLITÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE LUGO.
Place of preparation: ESCOLA POLITÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE LUGO.

Summary: Pinus pinaster Aiton is a kind of great importance in the Iberian Peninsula from the ecological point of view and forest with different genotypes and phenotypes. The use of plant forest micorrizada has great significance because of the positive effects of mycorrhizal on the floor. Inoculation controlled plant implies knowledge of fungi associated with each species and the study of the effects of inoculation micorrícica on its growth. The objectives of this study were to investigate the optimal growing conditions for the production of inoculum species ectomicorrizas associated with Pinus pinaster well as the response of different origins of this kind to the inoculacíón ectomicorrícica. We studied the speed of growth and varíabilidad morphological several strains of fungi ectomicorrícicos associated with Pinus pinaster, Boletus badius, Laccaria laccata, Paxillus involutus and Pisolithus tinctorius, culture media in four different ytres pH, growing in vitre. It also studied the behavior of seven Spanish origins of Pinus pinaster (Sierra Bermeja, saws, Segura-Alcaraz, mountainous areas of Cuenca, Sierra de Gredos, Plateau Castellana, Sierra de Oña and "piñeiro femia" of the Northwest region of origin) to the inoculation with Paxillus involutus and Pisolithus tinctorius, natural and planted in soil in trays alveoladas with substrate cultivation, taking the conventional techniques of spreading forest floor. Different behaviors were observed in the in vitro cultivation of the species and strains of fungi according to the culture medium used and pH. Overall, the results were better in the middle MMN. The pH acids were more suitable for all strains except for Laccaria laccata. There were different behaviors of different backgrounds Pinus pinaster in terms of germination, growth to increased fortnightly length and variables bíométricas evaluated. As for the influence of inoculation on plant growth was observed uñ positive effect of this on some variables biometric, despite the fact that hardly difference in the percentage of micorrización and not identified morphotypes of fungi inoculated. Overall, the percentage of micorrización influenced in a positive way on the growth of plants grown in soil, while in growing conditions in containers no correlation was observed between the percentage of micorrización and growth. Keywords: Pinus pinaster, inoculation, Boletus badius, Laccaria laccata, Paxillus involutus, Pisolithus tinctorius, ectomicorrizas, production of inoculum

Author: TORAL IBAÑEZ MANUEL ANTONIO.
Year: 2006.
University: CÓRDOBA [www.uco.es].
Place of defense: CAMPUS DE RABANALES.
Place of preparation: CAMPUS DE RABANALES.

Summary: We studied aspects of silvicultural Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. "Sequoia" in the region of the temperate forests of Chile. We investigated first ecological factors that have impact on the productivity of the species, their rates of siege and productivity of the stands, identified those areas ponteciales in which Sequoia plant is feasible with high yields. Also explored aspects of propagation and breeding, molecular markers, plantation establishment, and finally were prepared ahusamiento functions. The age of the stands studied was located in three 16 and 42 years, and the area of study covered 12 locations, which are located between 38 ° 20 'and 43 ° 40' latitude south. Key environmental factors were determined using the method of principal components and regressions step by step between the variable response (height of 100 trees in the dominant hectare) and the ecological and environmental analyzed. The potential areas of development identified by the use of GIS combined with environmental factors most important in productivity and plantation establishment. Trials were established germination of seeds, propagation by cuttings in nurseries, in vitro culture, and studies retoñación of the species. For its analysis was used statistical methods commonly used for such studies. Lastly, for the analysis and identification of stem function ahusamiento analyzed 36 trees from the localities studied, using models Frazer, Bruce and the general model of the entire tree. Given the results of the studies carried out, it is concluded that the Sequoia plantations are an excellent alternative for forestry development in the Republic of Chile.