FORESTRY

Author: RAMOS MAQUEDA SOLEDAD.
Year: 2002.
University: EXTREMADURA [www.unex.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.

Summary: It deals with the study of biology reporductora Quercus suber L. (cork) for a population of the southern province of Badajoz located in the vicinity of the municipality of Jerez de los Caballeros from different points of vistas.A level of reproductive biology has been ontogénico completed the study of flowers confirming aspects previously outlined for other species of the genus Quercus L. As the presence of postament in early embryo formation, have produced evidence for the novel ontogénico knowledge of the species and the presence of hairs at the base of unicellular stigma without a clear definition of its funcionalidad.En tracking patterns fenológicos players and the people of alcornocal have found clear differences between functional dense masses and clear with regard to the phenology, distribution of blooms, production inflorescences and flowers and floral shape of the tree, all new aspects to interpret behavior player this especie.El same study has yielded evidence of the influence which is the age of the individuals and pruning their behavior floral and functional structure of its copas.Junto the study of biology flower has been completed cycle player with the feasibility study, germianción and evolution of seedlings from different morphologies of acorns, it fills a group of knowledge that allows us to indicate that there is a clear difference in functionality between different morphological types of acorns that produces the same tree During a campaign.

Author: PIQUÉ NICOLAU MÍRIAM.
Year: 2003.
University: LLEIDA [www.udl.es].
Place of defense: INGENIEROS AGRÓNOMOS.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE LLEIDA.

Summary: In this paper presents the first production model of wood and pineapple for the masses of Pinus pinea L.en Catalunya. This model integrates various functions that enable estimate or predict the value of key variables selvícolas at Mass, including the estimated diamétricas distributions, as well as the production of pineapple tree level. The set of equations and models obtained intended to be a tool for forest owners and managers, to facilitate and guide the sustainable management of the masses regular Piñon. It has made a first effort characterization of the masses from the installation of a network of temporary plots and has been developed as a model station, able to predict the growth in height dominate the masses. The model has been developed from the differential function of Bailey-Clutter and following the adjustment methodology proposed by Goelz and Burk (1992). To estimate the production of timber production schedules are drawn up, taking into account that this is a first approach to the prediction of production of the species in this area. These consist of tables of production forestry and forestry observed reference, and are presented for different types of "mass clear" and "dense mass," identified and defined on the basis of the characteristics selvícolas observed masses Piñon Catalan. The tables also include a model of distributions diamétricas which provides information about the distribution of feet per hectare and class diameter, in the different stages of development of the masses. The distributions are estimated diamétricas recovering parameters (PRM) of the Weibull function using the method of moments. Finally, we characterized the production of pineapple and flowering of the masses during the study period (2000-2002), and despite the great variability observed in the production of fruit are produced models explaining the production of pineapple tree individual level, as explanatory variables which include, among others, the diameter of the tree section.

Author: BERTOMEU GARCIA MANUEL.
Year: 2003.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: E.T.S.I.DE MONTES.
Place of preparation: E.T.S.I. DE MONTES.

Summary: This thesis is a study of agroforestry systems with timber established and managed by smallholders Northern Mindanao, Filipinas.El paper describes: 1) How small farmers establish and manage agroforestry systems with timber. 2) The biophysical and socio-economic factors that determine the plantation. 3) The growthandinnovation.The production of timber and corn systems agraforestales. 4) Study on the profitability of agroforestry systems and the monoculture of corn. 5) Market Research.

Author: TISCAR OLIVER PEDRO ANTONIO.
Year: 2003.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.

Summary: The Doctoral thesis is divided into 15 chapters, each of which is divided into two sections: Introduction, material and methods, results, discussion and conclusion. In chapter, the question arises, set goals and define the concepts of structure and function. Chapter 2 presents a study on the changing structure of the forest Mount Navahondona over their management from 1893 until 5Â th Periodic review in 1977. Chapter 3 describes the site structure Puerto Llano. In this place, there is an extensive stand barely exploited feet centenarians. The structure forest acutal a zone of Mount exploited described in Chapter 4, at the same time as porpone a model for the cycle forest reserve area Navahondona-Guadahornillos. In Chapter 5 presents the conclusions of previous studies on the natural regeneration of Pinus nigra in the Sierra de Cazorla. The influence of different factors involved in the process of natural regeneration is discussed in Chapters 6 and 7. The vecería has frequently cited as a factor limiting the process of natural regeneration in Pinus nigra. Chapter 8 is devoted to discuss the question of vecería in Pinus nigra. Chapter 9, researches on the influence of so-called maternal effects on survival and growth of brinzales pine salagareño during their first years of life. This issue was investigated with reference to the age of the mother plant and, more specifically, Chapter 10 examines the continuity of the reproductive capacity of Pinus nigra in senescence. In chapter 11, has analyzed how the masses can be restored to fondosas under cover reforestation Pinus nigra. The last three chapters are devoted to the study of growth. Specifically, it explores the temporal and spatial patterns of autoaclareo in dense masses regular Pinus nigra and analizá that rate competition and mode selection competitors are more suitable for developing growth models of tree individually. Finally, there is a general discussion and presents the findings.

Author: TOUZA VAZQUEZ MANUEL CESAREO.
Year: 2004.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: E.T.S. DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.

Summary: The presence of high voltages growth is one of the major constraints to obtain products of high added value from the solid wood eucalyptus plantation. This paper elaborates you learned about several aspects related to the presence of high voltages growth from a dual perspective. On one side are addressed factors related to growing tensions that exist in the standing timber with the aim of studying the possibility of using forestry to intervene on the level of existing tensions. The study population consists of 90 Eucalyptus globulus aged between 23 and 35 years of age, from 6 plots. On the other hand have been studied 8 properties of wood from 18 eucalyptus previous plots. The correlations between these properties have been analyzed in test tubes free from defects from 170 sampling points where they have been tested all the porpiedades. The results indicate that there is a link between the level of tensions growth in the standing timber and factors such as competition or distribution espacal the forest. Also, the presence of high tension growing in an area considered essential to justify both the high variability found in the properties of wood as the correlation between them.

Author: MUÑOZ SAEZ FERNANDO.
Year: 2005.
University: CÓRDOBA [www.uco.es].
Place of defense: E.T.S.I. AGRONOMOS Y MONTES.
Place of preparation: E.T.S.I. AGRONOMOS Y MONTES.

Summary: In Chile, despite the growing importance of plantation Eucalyptus nitens, there is scant published research papers that have a bearing on the response of the trees of this species silvicultural treatments pruning and thinning (clear). The doctoral research was carried out in a plantation by the year 1989, located in central Chile, according to a factorial arrangement of two factors (intensity of thinning and pruning severity), each at three levels and 3 replicates. A total of 27 plots of 324 m2 were establecidad. The variables of growth and form were evaluated based on measurements tes: the establishment of the trial, in October 1995 (6 years old), then in October of 1999 (10 years old) and 2003 (14 years old ). At the end of the year 2004 and using destructive methods were evaluated ecofisiológicas variables. It was found that at the age of 14 years, the best treatment achieved a mean annual increment (MAI) from 48.6 m3/ha/año. The aboveground biomass, leaf area index and specific projected were affected by the thinning, but not by the pda. The biomass of the cup, leaf area index and leaf area projected concentrated significantly in its middle section. We obtained allometric model for estimating biomass components of the glass (leaves, branches and ramillas), components of the shaft (wood and bark), leaf area index, and specific leaf area projected by section crown and complete. Finally, E. Nitens has conditions that make it an excellent species for timber production under different schemes forestry production.

Author: CRUZ CALLEJA ANA CARMEN.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS AGRONOMOS.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS AGRONOMOS.

Summary: For four years, it has carried out an integrated study of water balance and the flow of nutrients in a chopera of Populus x euramericana (dode) Guinier I 214, in the river valley Alberche, municipality of Villa del Prado ( Madrid). It has been conducting a comparative study of these balances in two plantations of different age 5 and 11 years, with a density of 400 árboles-ha-1 a real framework 5x5 m, planted with deep root. Both plantations have submitted edaphic characteristics equal: texture franco-arenosa, pH (H2O) = 7, C: N = 8, organic content less 1% and CIC of 8 cmolc.kg-1, with a 100% saturation bases change. At the age of turn short (14 years), the average normal diameter has been 35.6 cm, with a total height average of 31.7 m, annual production of 33 m3.ha-1.año-1 and 368 Kg.árbol-1 of shaft (65Â ° C). Contributions to the ground by the desfronde air have evolved from 767 to 6660 kg.ha-1.año-1 from 5 to 14 years old, with a maximum of 7747 kg.ha-1.año-1 reached the 11 years old. The results of the analysis have shown a good foliar nutritional status in both plantations. Over the years of study, have quantified flows trascolación and cortical runoff, with average rates with respect to precipitation opencast 79% and 11%, respectively, at age shift. The total biomass produced by the chopera has increased from 6.8 Mg.ha-1.año-1, at the age of 5 years up 37.4 Mg.ha-1.año to 14 years of age with a mineralomasa absorbed from 115 to 911 kg.ha-1.año-1 respectively. At age shift, the chopera has absorbed and retained 392 Mg.ha-1.de CO2, of which 266 Mg.ha-1 are retained in the shaft and 78 Mg.ha-1 in the branches.

Author: PEMÁN GARCÍA JESÚS.
Year: 2005.
University: LLEIDA [www.udl.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERIA AGRARIA.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERA AGRARIA.

Summary: It addresses some of the technical issues that can affect the use of oak (Quercus ilex sbsp. Ballota) and the tubes in the greenhouse stocking forest. On the oak elaborates on the choice of method of restocking by analyzing the root development, while in the pipes analyzes the ambient lighting and heat they generate. It is organized into six chapters. The first is a general introduction. The second root morphology and kinetics, examines the root system generated in plants from seed and planting using minirizotrones. In plants from seed discussing the effect that the repicado air has on the morphology and kinetics. The third chapter, Efficiency of root system in water catchment, discusses the implication regarding the functional root hydraulic conductance. In the fourth chapter, is the characterization of thermal and light tubes greenhouse. In the fifth, greenhouse implications of the tube in the architecture of glass, capturing light and profit potential of carbon, is analyzed through the program YPLANT, the impact of environmental conditions on the parameters deintercepción light and gas exchange. Chapter 6, presents general conclusions and future lines of inquiry.

Author: Sánchez González María de la O.
Year: 2006.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Montes.
Place of preparation: E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Montes.

Summary: The main objective of this dissertation is to develop a model of growth and production of single tree to mount alcornocal (Quercus suber L.) in Spain. These masses are characterized primarily by having a higher density than the masses adehesadas of the same kind. It has developed a number of sub-functions or to predict the evolution of both the production of cork (not wood main product of this kind) as the most important variables at the level of individual trees, such as the diameter and height. This has been used data from analysis of logs of permanent plots and test CIFOR-INIA, the Second National Forest Inventory and coves cork, obtained in two of the most representative areas of Mount alcornocal in Spain: Park Natural 'Los Alcornocales' in the provinces of Cadiz and Malaga, and alcornocales Barcelona and Gerona. First has developed a pattern of growth in height for trees dominant with the dual purpose of developing a quality index season for the species and estimate the minimum time necessary for the stretch of reclamation should remain bounded grazing. Here they have created a pattern of growth in diameter for trees dominant that takes into account the productivity of the station as well as the density of the mass and that helps determine the minimum time that must elapse for a young tree is descorchado first time. For the development of a standard annual increase in diameter has been compared a model and an empirical model semi-empírico in both models, the annual growth is a function of the initial size of the tree, the mass density and productivity of the station. In addition has developed an equation altura-diámetro widespread and an equation for predicting the diameter of the glass. The first allows predict the height of any tree from a mass within the scope of the model, and the latter would, among other applications, graphical visualization of the trees in the computer application that will be implemented. As for the production of cork, first have studied the variables that influence the caliber means of cork at the end of the shift by constructing a model of mixed effects, which through its calibration can identify those capable trees to produce cork taponable. Subsequently, it has developed a pattern of growth accumulated cork located at 1.30 m able to predict the caliber of cork at the end of the shift, from the caliber of data measured in any year of the same, with a power greater than 80% . The construction of all these functions or sub has been used several methodologies for the purpose of applying statistical methods newest and best adapted to each model to be developed. The models developed together to simulate the development of mass production of cork predict long-term alternatives selvícolas and, in the future, to develop a software application that assists in the management of alcornocales Spaniards.