STRATIGRAPHIC PALEONTOLOGY

Author: SANCHEZ MARCO ANTONIO.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID [www.uam.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE PALEONTOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: SECCION DE BIOLOGIA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.

Author: MINWER-BARAKAT REQUENA RAEF.
Year: 2005.
University: GRANADA [www.ugr.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.

Summary: This work consists in the study of fossil representatives of two types of small mammals (Rodentia and Insectivora) found in a series of new deposits located in the central sector of the basin Guadix (Granada province, Spain), entrelas localities of Gorafe, Villanueva of the Twin Towers and Cuevas del Campo. There are nine levels fosílíeros called Rambla of chimneys-3, Negratin-1, Yeguas Tollo of Chiclana-1, 1B, 3, 13, 10 and 10B. These deposits corresponding to levels thick decimétrico consisting of fine grained sediments deposited in water bodies quiet, are located in the central part of the sub Guadix, where outcrops alternate distal alluvial deposits, river and lake. It has carried out an analysis of tafonómico associations of small mammals studied. These associations are composed of other dead animals for various reasons (action of different predators and cause other than predation). The remains suffered a statement subaérea of variable duration hydrodynamic and transport from the place of initial accumulation until the middle of final burial, which were isolated from the external environment relatively quickly. The associations represent time intervals in the order of few tens or hundreds of years. The good state of preservation of the remains and temporal resolution of the associations they made possible interpretations bioestratigráficas reliable. Moreover, all deposits are formed by the intervention of the same processes tafonómicos, so the observed changes in partnerships studied should reflect real environmental changes during the time interval considered. In deposits surveyed identified more than 40 species of rodents and insectivorous, belonging to 26 genera and ten different families. This paper defines three new species; Micromys caesaris at the site of TCH-13, Blarinoides aliciae TCH-3 and Archaeodesmana elvirae in TCH-1. Micromys caesaris sample size and morphological characteristics intermediate between those of the species Mparaeminutus of Rusciniense higher and the current M.minutus. It is interpreted that this new species descended M.pareminutus and is situated in the ancestor of M.minutus Balrinoides aliciae has a morphology similar to the single species of this genus described so far B.mariae, but its size is significantly smaller. The species Archaeodesmanas elvirae has a height and some morphological features that allow differentiate it from all species of the genus defined earlier. The analysis of various populations Archaeodsmana identified recently illustrates the complexity of the phylogenetic relationships among species of this genus and permit the validity of the criteria used in previous studies to establish such relations. In any case, it seems highly likely that A.elvirae is the ancestor of the species Archaeodesmana brailoni, identified in TCH-1B and other deposits in Western Europe. The identification studied at the levels of Stephanomys dubari, Rhagapodermus frequens, Blancomys meini, Myocricetodon jaegeri, Debrujnimys almenarensis, Mimomys hassiacus, Paenelimnoecus pannonicus, Petenyia hungarica and "Myosorex meini" is the first event of these species in the reservoirs in the watershed of Guadix - Baza. It presents an outline of phylogenetic relationships among different species of the genus Stephanomys; suggested the origin of the various lines of this kind that appear in the province Iberooccitana from the end of Rusciniense in kind S.vandeweerdi. It also highlights the synonymy between species S.prietaensis and S.balcellsi, and discusses the taxonomic position of the subspecies Stephanomys donnezani cordii Ruiz Bustos, 1986, which was elevated to a kind. The 8 presenc ef5 ia of Eliomys truci at the site of TCH-13 represents the most modern record of this species and illustrates its extensive timing. The increased knowledge of the fauna fossils of small mammals in the area is particularly significant in the case of the family Soricidae: four of the five genera identified in this study had not been found so far in this basin. The site of NGR-1 represents the most complete record of micromamíferos of Turoliense found so far in the basin. The levels of THC - 3 and 13 have escaped the faunas more significant Villafranquiense lower in the basin Guadix-Baza and are the first deposits of this age identified in the western sector (sub Guadix). It was so complete the registration faunístico of small mammals in the region for the intervals at which minors were known. The fauna study have identified the age of the deposits: the levels of NGR-1 and CR-3 are Turoliense higher (MN13), the deposit YEG attached to Rusciniense lower (MN14), the locations of TCH-1 and TCH-1B are Rusciniense higher (MN15); deposits TCH-3 and TCH-13, can be assigned to Villafranquiense lower (MN16), the most advanced levels, TCH-10 and TCH-10B, are at the Villafranquiense half (MN17). Levels can fosilíferos studied correlated with the major sources of small mammals in the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. It proposes a new biozonación local permits inlcuir levels estudaidso and numerous deposits in the basin micromamíferos described in previous work. They are defined as follows biozonas: Biozona Association of Apodemus gudrunae (Turoliense higher); Biozona of Asocaición of Trilophomys (rusciniense below); Biozona Extension deDolomys adroveri (Rusciniense higher); Biozona Coincidentes extension of Mimomys hassiacus and Stephanomys donnexani (Rusciniense higher ); Biozona of Asocaición of Stephanomys minor (Villafranquiense below); Biozona Extension of Mimomys medasensis (Villafranquiense middle). Laubicación of the sites studied with respect to genetic units defined in previous work in the basin can perform some clarifications concerning the age of these unidades.No exist in the basin deposits of mammals clarametne asignacbles the Turoliense medium (MN12). Levels oldest recognized in the region with a well-established age (NGR-1, CR-3, Pino Mojón) are Turoliense higher (MN13), it must asingarse this age to the base of the unit genetic IV. The discovery of the faunas of TCH-3 and TCH-13, for the Villafranquiense lower ponde of manifiessto that there is no interruption of sedimentation across the basin during that age, as had been proposed etudios earlier. The situation of deposits TCH-13, a ceiling of the unit genetic V TCH-10 and 10B, on the basis of genetic unit VI, help them find the boundary between these two units around transit Villafranquiense inferior-Villafranquiense medium ( MN16-MN17).

Author: GARCÍA-ALIX DAROCA ANTONIO.
Year: 2005.
University: GRANADA [www.ugr.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA.

Summary: The main purpose of this work has been the study of micromamífero fossils of Neogene continental basin of Grenada. There are forty-four species of the Order Rodentia and eleven of the Insectivora Order, has described a new species of Gliridae in two deposits of teránsito Mio-Plioceno; Muscardinus meridionalis and cited for the first time in the basin of Grenada; Arvicolidae indet. Trilophomys sp. Stephanomys dnnezanni and Castillomys cf.crusafonti. Data faunísticos allow a relative dating of individual deposits and establish a detailed bioestratigrafía continental Neogene deposits in the basin of Grenada. The biozonación proposal consists of seven biozonas between Turoliense means and Rusciniense higher. Different biozonas have been correlated with the scale cronoestratigráfica Marian and with the scale GPTS of geomagnetic polarity overall, which has led to attribute to each biozona absolute ages. These results were correlated different sedimentary units informal proposals by different authors (Limos and sand Cenes-Jun, Turbiditas La Malahá, Lutitas of Cacín, sand Arenas del Rey, Calizas of Paramo, conglomerates of Moraleda and Training Alhambra) and they have different ways dated sedimentary: in Turliense middle and upper develops a system varies lake where the source of contributions over time. This system is restricted to the western sector in Turoliense terminal. In Rusciniense recorded two systems are separated by a doorway in the east are developed alluvial fans draining relief eastern and passing laterally to a system fluvio-lacustre; in the west develops a type braided river system that was eventually exit westward. Studies paleocológicos made in the various fields allow establish the next evolution paleoclimática. In deposits transit Turoliense medium-climatic conditions are cold and dry; predominate means crops. In Turoliense higher are warmer and wetter; dominated media and aquatic grasses. The deposits of Rusciniense inferior conditions are drier and cooler than the Turoliense higher and are well represented wooded habitats / forest. In Rusciniense superior conditions are colder than the Rusciniense lower and humid; dominate arable habitats.

Author: CASAMOR BERMÚDEZ JOSÉ LUIS.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOLOGÍA, UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Summary: The present paper deals with the modeling and viewing 3-D in Marine Geosciences. Around this subject are structured in the first place, various theoretical concepts on the spatial analysis of data and current methods of modeling and visualization of geological objects. Next, we present the main features of the program earthVision, last generation software package that incorporates many of these methods and is the one that we used in our study. Secondly, it showed several examples of the practical implementation of that program to create models 3-D representing properties, structures and objects significant in some fields of Marine Geosciences, in terms of social, economic and environmental. More specifically discusses the following: * The distribution of particulate matter in the Sea Catalano-Balear (Mediterranean Northwest). * The characterization of a channel turbidítico current continental margin Ebro. * The reconstruction of the coating of ice in the northern dela Antarctic Peninsula over the last Glacial Maximum. Models 3-D, built from data from diverse backgrounds, can be interactively displayed and discussed in all directions in near real time. Analysis of these models, the quantification of specific geometries and conducting precise volumetric calculations can give you some results and achieving scientific conclusions that go far beyond simple display. In some cases, the capabilities of quantifying earthVisión have been improved through the development of new computer applications and utilities that have been added and integrated to the main program. The advantages are palpable, and although there may be some difficulties that need to be aware, the models show the interest and great potential for application in Marine Geosciences program, in particular, used and the modeling and viewing 3-D , in general.