PLANT ANATOMY

Author: REBOLLEDO ROA ALEXANDER.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.
Place of defense: Dep. Biologia Vegetal.
Place of preparation: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.

Summary: We studied the process of abscission and growth of the fruit of sweet orange Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck of the variety Salustiana in trees 20 years old, with a high level of flowering. It also investigated the influence of implementation at anthesis of 2,4-D on these processes. The study was carried out for two consecutive years. It was determined the abscission around the tree, as in inflorescences with leaves, characterizing the variables growth of the fruit (diameter, fresh weight and dry weight) and the evolution of sugars content and activity invertásica. For the determination of the activity invertásica continued to be the method of Somogy-Nelson, and the quantification of sugars are made with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The abscission extends until mid June (day 74 after anthesis) presenting two maximum cáida well defined. The cuajado fruit is higher in inflorescences multiflorales that uniflorales. The increase in variable growth of the fruit (diameter, weight freso, dry weight) is slow until day 33, when the crust presents a greater contribution to the increase in cross-section of the fruit. The locules show slow growth until day 45, increasing by forward their contribution to the cross section of fruit (day 65 to 98). Initially the highest proportion of sugars are concentrated in the crust and from the day 76 it has begun the expansion of the locules, are presented in greater proportion in the vesicles. In anthesis activity of acidic invertases is greater, falling to the advancement of the status of development of the fruit. With the beginning of the expansion of cell vesicles and in fact, the accumulation of sugars, is the highest activity of alkaline invertases. The response to 2,4-D plus depend on the level of concentration of auxin, it is also determined by the amount of solution. A concentration of 2,4-D of 15 ppm in quantities of 7.7 liters per tree (year 2003), led to an increase in the harvest due to a higher cuajado fruit without altering their average weight. A concentration of 2,4-D of 20 ppm in quantities of 3.6 liters per tree (year 2004), accelerated the growth of the fruit and caused an increase in their average weight by reducing the number of fruit without altering the harvest . In this year's experiment, the 2,4-D caused an initial delay in the abscission until day 42, incrementándola from this moment. The application of 2,4-D increases the levels of sugar and fruit influences the activity of the isoforms of invertases. The increase in the activity of acidic isoform of invertases suggests a direct effect of 2,4-D on the increase in the sink capacity of the fruit. The 2,4-D increased sucrose content and reducing sugars in the vesicles. It verifies the participation of invertases alkaline in the process of accumulation of sugars in the vesicles. The year 2002 was evaluated in vitro behavior of the tissues of the fruit with the addition of IAA in the middle. The response of the in vitro growth pattern of the fruit, as well as being determined by hormone treatments, so is the state of development of the fruit of which was obtained by the inoculum and the inoculum size used. "There is a loss in the responsiveness of the tissues of the fruit to IAA, with the progress in its development.

Author: SANAHUJA SANTAFE MMa. AMPARO.
Year: 2006.
University: CARDENAL HERRERA CEU.
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD CARDENAL HERRERA-CEU.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD CARDENAL HERRERA-CEU Y JARDÍN BOTÁNICO UNIVERSIDAD DE VALENCIA.

Summary: The main objective of the work is: SETTING THE POTENTIAL OF REAL PARTNERSHIP MEDICINAL PLANT THYMO PIPERELLAE -CISTETUM CRISPI, Costa Peris and Stübing, 1985. Related to this goal, introducing others as: 1. Study toxicology and pharmacology of the features of the species that there are no references. 2. Isolating active ingredients in those plants with activity, in which there are no references. 3. Characterize drugs for which there is no description morfologica and / or histological. The interdisciplinary study was carried out as main conclusions can be drawn: 1. The medicinal potential of the partnership has increased after the completion of this study with the addition of Thymus piperella and Erica scoparia as medicinal plants. 2. Cistus crispus, showed signs evvidentes toxicity. 3. Thymus piperella showed relaxant effect of fiber in intestinal smooth extracts as in the essential oil, besides activity antimicrobian of essential oil. 4. Erica scoparia, showed activity in both analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug trials being confirmed by the presence of its major components: lupeol, alfa-amirina and acid ursólico. 5. Have been found to distinguish characters differential drug characteristics of the plants that make up the association. The results can be transferred to other sectors of society such as the pharmaceutical industry, the commercial sector, the opoblación in general and other applications in relation to the use of natural resources and the rationalization of the use.