ANTIGENS

Author: VERNET TOMÁS M. MAR.
Year: 2003.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE DOCTORADO Y DE FORMACIÓN CONTINUADA.

Summary: OBJECTIVE compare exprexión in endometrío of various ligands for Natural Killer cells affected women between endometriosis and women not affected, three ligands for receptor activator (ICAM-1. LFA-3, alfa6beta4) and a ligand for receptor inhibitor (HLA- I). MATERIALS AND METHODS by curettage samples were obtained from patients undergoing intervention. As a control group (CG) took patients in the no observed pathology and as a group Endometriosis (GE) patients in which the only condition was observed endometriosis. We studied the expression moledcular in endometrial frozen by immunohistochemistry (method peroxidasa-antiperoxidasa). The study was divided into a pilot phase, which studied the four molecules in a maximum of 15 patients in each group and a Final Stage, which processed all the material available in the pilot phase if there was any difference. RESULTS samples were collected from 76 patients, 31 of the GC and 45 of GE. For LFA-3 in the Pilot Phase, were valued 7 samples in the GC and 9 at GE, not differences observed between the two groups (expression in 100% of glandular cells and less than 20% of stroma), not pursuing the study for this molecule. For ICAM-I in the Pilot Phase, were valued 9 samples in the GC and 9 at GE, not watching difernecias between the two groups (expression in 0% of glandular cells and stromal cells isolated), nor the continued study. For alfa6beta4, in the Pilot Phase, yes differences were observed: in glands, 9 / 10 samples expressed the molecule polarized and 1 / 10 despolarizada in the GC, while 5 / 13 the expressed polarized and 8 / 13 despolarizada in GE ( Fisher's exact test p = 0.0376). Moved to the Final Stage and the differences were confirmed: GC 16/19 samples showed expression polarized in the LG 10/30 samples (Chi2 p = 0001). For HLA-I, in the Pilot Phase, were valued 9 samples in the GC and 10 at GE. HLA-I expressed in a greater percentage of cells in the LG both glandular (median 100 vs. 72), and stromal (medium 72 vs. 20), but the difference was significant only for stroma (U Mannwhitney p = 0.0043 ). It proceeded to the Final Stage, confirming that the expression of HLA I occurred in a greater percentage of cells in the GE (N = 25) than in the GC (N = 15), with significant differences for both glands (U Mannwhitney p = 0043) to stroma (U Mannwhitney p = 0003). CONCLUSION No difference in the expression edometrial of LFA-3 and ICAM-1, but there are differences in the expression of alfa6beta4 and HLA-I between the two groups.

Author: LLANO MONTERO ANUSKA.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO GERMANS TRIAS I PUJOL.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Summary: The infection of HIV-1 is characterized by selective depletion of T cells CD4 positive, being this antigen needed to cause infection of the cells, but the presence of CD4 is not enough, but their presence was required another co-receptor to cause infection. The two main co-receptores employees with HIV-1 are CXCR4 and CCR5. Both are recipients of chemokines, which belong to the superfamily of receptors site protein coupled transmembrane domains G. The infection of HIV-1 in vivo can be divided into three stages: the acute phase corresponding to the primo-infección, the chronic phase, which is characterized by an immune latency, but not virological and critical phase or AIDS. The first two phases of infection are characterized by the presence of the presence of viral strains R5, which are those used as co-receptor for entry to CCR5. The last phase of infection is characterized, in 50% of cases by the presence of the viral strain X4, which employs CXCR4 to enter the cell. However, it is not aware of the exact cause of the appearance of more pathogenic variants such as this correlates with the exprexión receptor CXCR4 in vivo. The chemokines play an important role in HIV-1, RANTES, MIP-1alfa and MIP-1beta, natural ligands for CCR5, inhibit infection in vitro alternatives R5, while SDF-1, natural ligand of CXCR4 inhibit infection of the alternatives X4. The progression of the infection is characterized by the progressive loss of T cell CD4 during the chronic phase, with the emergence of alternatives X4 this depletion is more rapid and pronounced. The cytokine IL-7 is key in the development of T cells in vitro also induces overexpression of the receptor CXCR4, this makes IL-7 an important factor in the progression and in the emergence of alternatives X4. This thesis attempts to elucidate the relevance of some of the host factors that affect the progression of the infection. First studies the association between plasma levels of SDF-1 and the viral phenotype to determine their relevance to the emergence of strains X4. It also explores the role exercised by IL-7 and its characterization as a possible marker for the progression of the infection. Finally seeks to clarify the interaction between IL-7 and RANTES both in vitro and in vivo.