ANIMAL ANATOMY

Author: SUÁREZ PÉREZ JUAN.
Year: 2005.
University: MÁLAGA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.

Summary: In this Doctoral Thesis have analyzed the patterns of distribution of GABA, calbindina, calretinina, parvalbúmina and the neuron of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the pallium lateroventral of telencéfalo of Gallus domesticus during embryonic development, postnatal and adult. Inmunorreactividad patterns were studied in the three main derivatives histogenéticos of palios lateral and ventral bird: mesopalio, nidopalio and arcopalio (Puelles et al., 2000). Our results indicate that from E8 the pallium lateroventral presents GABA cells, increasing the number in successive stages. Among E10 and E16, the intense inmunorreactividad for nNOS defines several regions of the pallium lateroventral. From E12, we see a prominent inmunorreactividad differential for calbindina throughout the pallium lateroventral. By contrast, the number of neurons and PV CR + + is very low in the pallium laterovental. We have analyzed the colocalización different neurochemical markers in the neurons of entopalio of Gallus domesticus in three stages of development: E14, E18 and P0. These results indicate that neurons containing calbindina represent a subpopulation representative of the total neurons GABAérgicas of entopallo from E14 to P0. Most cells are GABAérgicas CB +. The CR + neurons are a major subpopulation of GABA neurons of entoplio at P0. Most of the CR + neurons used as the neurotransmitter GABA. The low percentages of coexistence between nNOS, GABA, calbindina and calretinina in P0 start that most of the neurons nitrérgicas constitute a population different from the previous ones, ie does not contain GABA or ligadoras these proteins of calcium. Finally, for better characterization entopalio we have taken into account the formation and distribution of their afferent and efferent connections during development of Gallus domesticus, taking into consideration the tracer Dil. Our results indicate that from E10 note projections from the resounding to the entopalio. At E10, we find somas marked retrógrandante on the globe both from the pale as a resounding from the entopalio. At E14, further note projections interaction mesopalio and entopalio. Thus, both the characteristics histogenéticas, immunohistochemistry and connections will confer separate identity to the various structures pallium lateroventral. In this study we follow the revised nomenclature of telencéfalo bird (reiner et al., 2004)

Author: ALONSO FARRÉ JOSE MARÍA.
Year: 2005.
University: VIGO.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS (UNIVERSIDAD DE VIGO).

Summary: At present, the methods of exploration by clinical picture: ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are beginning to be used widely in the practice of veterinary medicine. Moreover, these techniques are also important for studies of anatomy and morphology. Its use in marine species have so far been very limited due to several factors, among them a shortage of topographic anatomy studies in a two-dimensional plane. In order to overcome this problem limiting, in this thesis has been made anatomical serial sections on three fronts corporal three species of dolphins: Common Delphinus delphis, listing Stenella coeruleoalba and hinnies Tursiopts truncatus, which identified most of the internal structures. Prior to the completion of the sections were carried out by CT and MRI scans of the animals, and throughout the study ecografiaron 50 copies belonging to five species of delfínidos: the three mentioned above, as well as porpoises and common Phocoena Phocoena calderón the common Glbilcephala melas. Based on the description of the anatomical structures of the various sections serial on three fronts corporal, a two-dimensional atlas anantomía topography of the entire body of dolphins. Also, the sections were compared with the corresponding anatomical images of ultrasound, CT and MRI. The soft tissue and parenchymatous and liquids present in the cavities or on the inside of organs cavitarios, looked more defined by MRI and to a lesser extent with ultrasound, which could only be explored surface structures. CT provided more crisp images of the forms and margins of the bone tissue, or those containing gas or air. The simplicity of the tests ecográficos make this diagnostic technique should be included in routine scanning protocols' in vivo ', as it has been very useful in tracing the parenchymatous organs and tissues targets more superficially, especially in the abdominal region. Moreover, CT scans and MRI conducted by the internal structures such as the ear, sinus paraóticos the brain, spinal cord or column vertebralhan demonstrated the validity of these techniques for imaging for the visualization and evaluation of these and other pathological structures hard-valuation 'in vivo', or complicated access through dissection 'post-mortem'. Therefore, the technical picture can be seen as a very interesting alternative for the visualization of the internal anatomy of copies that can not be considered dead by dissection, as well as for the diagnosis of lesions' in vivo '. This thesis has allowed the identification of the various internal anatomical structures and the establishment of their employers image by ultrasound, CT and MRI. The description of the serial sections on three fronts corporal dolphin has helped compile the atlas describing topographic anatomy most comprehensive undertaken to date, resulting in an indispensable tool for the interpretation of the two-dimensional ultrasound imaging, MRI and CT, and high utility for studies of comparative anatomy. The establishment of normal patterns of location and layout of the internal anatomical structures in a two-dimensional plane, as well as their patterns of image using ultrasound, CT and MRI, are the basis for the identification of injury, disease or deformity, and this means an essential step in the use of these methodologies and tools diagnósticadas 8 in delfi 196 tions.