DISTRIBUTION

Author: FUENTE ARAGÓN M. VICTORIA DE LA.
Year: 2003.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CARTAGENA [www.upct.es].
Place of defense: INGENIEROS INDUSTRIALES.

Summary: The current state of cooperation and interdependence between the destintas phases or stages of the supply chain justifies the need for integration between the different companies within the same chain, and may well achieve strategic advantages and better position in the market against competition. This should pursue a collaborative model, which allows getionar the proper chain sumintro, formed by companies working together to get products to market, allowing achieve great flexibility and shorter delivery times. This model shows how the collaborative business processes in a supply chain can not only belong to a company, traditionally the manufacturing company, but should be involved all the companies participating in the same; leading to the integration along the chain supply. Despite traditionally only has witnessed a breakthrough derecto materials and products throughout the chain, policies, both domestic and European, with regard to environment and collection and / or waste treatment made aware, society and the company, the need for recovery and treatment of all those products and packaging that are throwing landfills, or accumulated in scrapping. This new dimension of business has been called Reverse Logistics. Peero system Reverse Logistics does Reference only to the collection and recycling of packaging, or the mere management of genetic returned products, but will make every effort to move products from their place of consumption towards the destination where they recovered the value that still possess such materiale.Es at this point when the process of reverse logistics acquires category needed to be defined as supply chain inversa.Cadena that, as quela supply chain derecta, seek integration of their mienbros for collaboration their proper management and proper operation of the same. It develops a methodology for analyzing and improving business processes, focusing on chain management suministro.Dicho methodology consists of a series of steps to manage the proposed change in the enterprise, where what intention is the analysis of the processes involved in managing the supply chain, the proposed model of integrated supply chains direct and inverse and set derectrices for us later implantanción in the company selected for the project. Along with the methodology integration, it also shows the medelo integrated supply chains direct and inverse, built during the desrrollo of research work. From the visions proposed by the Enterprise Integration (functional, informational, decision-making and resource) model will focus on the processes that compose dechas chains, and even offered partial vision informational, and that the processes to model not only exist material flows but why are essentially important informational flows for the proper functioning of the processes. Therefore, first establishing the direct supply chain, which is completely defined by the manufacturing company selected and the products it produces, and suppliers, wholesalers, retailers and customers involved in cadena.A below is designed chain Conversely supply that must function for the collection and treatment of subsequent recovery of such products. It should be noted that this reverse supply chain will not work independently, to be closely linked to the supply chain directly, as both have common participants, and are organized around the manufacturing company. The model is proposed for the management of supply chains direct and inverse believes the following critical business processes: demand management, management of the production, management of destribución, management of orders, management of apro 8 visionam 5 ca ientos, managing relationships with suppliers, customer service management and customer relationship management. The eight major processes in a supply chain are analyzed to niviol strategic and operational level, and establishing the threads indicating that encompass each lellos. The linkages, those responsible for each process / thread, and the information and resources necessary parala corecta execution of mismos.Para representation of the processes has opted for the use of the system IDEF_O. Processes are defined for each of the supply chains (direct and inverse), involving and integrating these processes (threads), as previously mentioned, the remaining participants in the chain: suppliers, wholesalers, retailers and customers. Finally, the method of integrated supply chains direct and inverse proposed analyzes business processes critical to the proper management of the two chains, so they work in an integrated manner all participating companies in the same.

Author: SANTANA MARISCAL ALEJANDRO.
Year: 2003.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE ADMINISTRACIÓN Y DIRECCIÓN DE EMPRESAS-ESADE.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE ADMINISTRACIÓN Y DIRECCIÓN DE EMPRESAS - ESADE.

Summary: The objective of this dissertation is to examine two aspects relevant to the local banking sector in Mexico. In the first chapter, we studied the effect of the entry of foreign banks into the local banking sector efficiency through its impact on operating costs and the net interest margin. The second chapter discusses the relationship of the rate of inflation in stockholders' equity (capital reserves more) of local banks. The results obtained in the first issue show that the foreign banks is an important factor in reducing operating costs and the net interest margins of local banks Mexicans. In addition, economic factors are important in the evolution of these indicators of efficiency. On the second subject, the results of the relationship between the inflation rate and the anticipated inflation rate does not advance on the capital accounts of local banks show that there is an inverse relationship that is not significant. However, information exchange rate is negative and it turns out to be relevant in the business of local banks.

Author: POGGI AMBRA.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE ECONÓMICAS.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Author: REQUENA LAVIÑA MARÍA.
Year: 2005.
University: PONTIFICIA COMILLAS [www.upcomillas.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The purpose of this dissertation is to deepen the knowledge of the brands handled by the distribution by raising three specific objectives: 1. Delimitation of the concept of brands handled by the distribution and development of its type. 2. Analysis of consumer brands managed by the distribution and the factors influencing their purchase decision. 3. Analysis of development reached by the brands handled by the distribution in the early years of the twenty-first century on the market for Spanish food products, drugstore and perfumery family by studying the main variables available in the consumer panel. 4. To achieve these objectives have been carried out two successive levels of analysis and complementary. The first involves the collection, analysis and comparison of the existing literature on the brands handled by the distribution, in order to present the state of affairs with regard to the first two goals. The second analyzed data from a panel of consumers in Spain relating to the early years of this century (2001 to 2003). The availability of the database of consumer panel allows this investigation with actual data from an unusual perspective on the extent of the information contained therein. We identify the products, rates and even store chains in which these brands further developed and discusses the relationship between participation reached in some of the most important distribution and teach certain variables, thus addressing the third goal raised.

Author: SOLER CAMPILLO MARIA.
Year: 2005.
University: JAUME I DE CASTELLON [www.uji.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS HUMANAS Y SOCIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS HUMANAS Y SOCIALES.

Summary: This dissertation presents a study on the area of activity photographic economy from the perspective of the communication, through a detailed review of selected companies "representative" of the photographic industry in the geographical scope of the Community of Valencia, and extension of the entire state espanyol. The hypothesis of the research indicates that the scope of the activity Photo widely diversified to the point that the dispersion (the atomization of their agents, and the absence of partnership in the sector) has led his invisibility for administrations and public entities . The study shows that the introduction of digital technologies in production processes photographic has transformed the nature of many businesses. The First Party develops theoretical and conceptual framework of the investigation, with a scoping study of the activity Photo within the sectors of communication and the "cultural industries" and analysis of the economic effects of the revolution digital in the field of activity Photo. The Second Part of the research is the field work, which makes a documentary exploration has served to know the existing systems to classify activities that exist in the field of professional photography, presentation of a proposal for grading sector activities, and the design of a qualitative research on the sector, through conducting in-depth interviews with managers of some of the biggest companies in the Valencia region, by volume, or billing for its prestige in the industry. The Third Part of this study is devoted to an analysis of the central aspects of in-depth interviews conducted with the various players in the sector photographic selected, with a total of 53 companies, grouped into six sectors: study photography and photographers, photo labs , photographic shops; manufacturers of photographic products, other types of companies and enterprises in the field of culture and education. Among other things, he examines the current situation and the economic outlook photographic sector, the impact of the digital revolution, the labor market situation, the relationship between the company and photograph the advertising agency, and policy communication companies fotográfia. This thesis ends with conclusions that reflect confirmation of the working hypothesis outlined in the introduction, a statement of the highlights of the study, the proposed actions to enhance the visibility of the photographic industry and the presentation of lines working for future research.

Author: SELLERS RUBIO RICARDO.
Year: 2005.
University: ALICANTE [www.ua.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The aim of the thesis is to make a contribution to the literature on productivity and efficiency in distribution. Specifically, this thesis focuses on the supermarket chains operating in Spain, since this format business has become one of the major players in the distribution of staple goods in almost every city and because this sector has suffered a sene of transformations that deserve to be considered from a standpoint of efficiency and productivity. Specifically, the first objective of the thesis is to analyze productivity from a dynamic perspective through the estimation of the productivity indices of Malmquist, determining how much of the increase in productivity is due to variations in the behavior of enterprises (change the efficiency) and how much is due to changes in production technology available (and which is interpreted as a technical change or technological progress). In addition, it examines the influence of these changes on business size. The second aim of the thesis is to estimate a concept of strictly technical efficiency, using a single output of the effect on prices. Additionally, it examines the determinants of technical efficiency in terms of size, the level of wages and experience. This is a contribution which tries to show that the analysis of the efficiency and their determinants allows units evaluated the measurement of the soundness of the strategic decisions taken at the horizontal level (intermediaries operating in the distribution sector) . Finally, it examines the impact that the processes of concentration in the industry exerted on the market in recent years through various scenarios that analyze the influence of efficiency, market share and concentration exerted on the results, which enables analysis the competitive situation in the retail sector commercial distribution.

Author: SCHMIDT SERJE.
Year: 2005.
University: ISLAS BALEARES [www.uib.es].
Place of defense: F.CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Throughout the history of marketing, there has been no revolution so striking as the Internet. It was marketed on the Web products whose purchase is based on information (easily standardized products), whose distribution can be done over the Web, which can add value in relation to other means and, of course, those whose products have access to potential customers the Internet is, typical of the tourism industry. Hotels that had long marketed only through tour operators, are now in direct contact with customers: forming the final price, processing and saving reserves in the committees. Moreover, the appearance that the customer is aware of the hotel is through the website. But what  features a web site can take the form of tapping the potential of the Internet, and what results pesentan these features for hotels? This is a very disturbing, because the digital marketing professionals argue that the benefits the Internet can bring to hotels, in terms of customer loyalty and consicuencia competitive advantages are many. Therefore, the objective of this tesisis is to verify the characteristics of the web sites of hotels in the south of Brazil and the Balearic Islands in Spain and evaluate its relationship with the results for hotels. For an investigation that seeks to verify a causal link, the method was used structural equations. Utilizándose an exploratory approach, a model was developed for measurement, which I subsequently verified their content validity, criterion, construct, discriminant, convergent nomológica and indicators of structural equations. One hundred seventy-seven hotels in Brazil and Spain were subjected to this model, which aimed to promote, or the disclosure of information from the hotel, as the only characteristic that is related to the outcome perceived by hoteliers. Multimedia content available for printing, seaworthiness, CRM, privacy, security and speed of the service is not presented this relationship. Considering its strengths and limitations, this research presents results that contradict big part in the literature, which suggests refining the topic through new studies.

Author: CAMPUZANO BOLARIN FRANCISCO.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA [www.upv.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.

Summary: Proper Management of the Supply Chain is becoming one of the keys to the competitive strategy of companies. Aware that at present, the competition is no longer between companies but between supply chains, new management tools based on the use of information technology and communications, enhance the integration of the companies that make up the various chains supply is necessary to achieve a single system capable of responding more effectively to market needs. A Supply Chain perfectly synchronized, manufacturers use the resources necessary to meet customer demand. The commercial intermediaries, carriers, suppliers and government agencies are collaborating in a perfectly integrated to deliver the goods quickly and efficiently so that money flows through the economy. In turn, a Supply Chain optimized, is the ability to quickly transform raw materials into finished products. Improvements in efficiency can reduce the need for inventory, saving transport costs and other expenses of distribution, accelerate cash flow and strengthen the area of fees. This implies greater availability of capital to help strengthen the local economy, hire more workers and find new and better ways to meet the needs of the market. However, to achieve the efficient functioning of a Supply Chain requires overcoming problems still latent, which needs to be analyzed in order to find solutions. The solutions proposed by the investigations, will result in models and methodologies. The research in the area of Supply Chain, as in any other area of scientific knowledge, should provide clear and specific solutions that can be incorporated in a more or less near future, the daily business of the companies. This thesis focuses mainly on the problem of the variability of demand and inventory accumulation distorted along the supply chain (Bullwhip effect) as a result of the lack of synchronization of information between the players that comprise it. These problems have been studied for some time and are the cause of serious difficulties in managing demand on supply chains. Currently, the technology has facilitated access online information and the exchange of information between the various components of the chain. The administrative approaches have incorporated these technologies and seek greater afiliad in those companies that have correctly identified the Supply Chain to which they belong. This allows them to be competitive and emerge victorious under the pressure of other similar chains in the global marketplace. Therefore, they are looking to model the process of managing the variability of demand, taking into account the characteristics of Supply Chain you want to study, which translates into conditions that are implemented in the model. The results for a particular case may apply.

Author: GOMIS LÓPEZ JOAN MIQUEL.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS (DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMÍA Y ORGANIZACIÓN DE EMPRESAS).
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Author: Sousa Nunes Fernando Jorge.
Year: 2006.
University: A CORUÑA [www.udc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales.

Summary: The introduction in Portugal over the past fifteen years, from innovative food distribution has put in question the structures and mechanisms oriented marketing of agricultural products. In the highly competitive context, today verified in the context of large retailers, the only supplier companies capable of fulfilling the terms of contractual arrangements with large retailers chance of viability in this specific market and form, in this way, a way vinculadora development partners for producers. Under the Portuguese agriculture, and in particular in the Region Norete Portugal, horticulture business stands out as a particularly weak and outside the framework of the current needs of large retailers. This paper covers an entire region that bases its productive economic activity in obtaining fresh horticultural products, marketed through traditional channels, often informal. Same time, large retailers are occupying an area of increasing sales, both in the number of stores as in the total volume sold, far exceeding the traditional trade. The concentration of the purchases, logistical constraints, and the quality standards specific themselves of large retailers have not allowed the absorption of the local horticultural production, heavily fragmented. The common thread is to study the evolution of an industry that is based on traditional structures of trade to a new situation, but now orgarnizado and based on modern markets, logistically developed. This transformation process originates and rushes through a series of contextual factors (discussed in the first part of the thesis) and has its consequences at the micro level, in merco internal organization of production in each farm (thematic studied in the second part of the thesis) The development of the thesis focuses on the acquisition of a broad range of primary information gathered through surveys conducted three types of traders determinants. The study of intra-industry trade between Portugal and its main EU partners, notably Spain, has a significant importance in this work. As most relevant conclusions and contributions of this work can bring als following: 1. Over the last decade, has reduced the impact of large distribution Organized on traditional systems of production and marketing of horticultural products, in the Northern Region of Portugal. 2. It is not predictable existence, in simultaneous, two-consumption patterns: (i) one, tailored to the social characteristics of consumers in Southern Europe, (ii) other, typical of the North, 3. The GDO has favored an increase in global consumption of horticultural products, which is also beneficial to the traditional circuits, at least in an initial phase. 4. The local vegetables, but sold at higher prices and fewer logistical conditions, have high demand by consumers seeking products "genuine", "territory". 5. A legal framework and supervisory little demanding, allowing continuity of many of the companies involved in trade traditional vegetables in the Northern Region of Portugal. Keywords: intra-industry trade and economic integration:; horticulture; large retailers; circuits traditions of production and marketing; globalization.

Author: RODRIGUEZ ARAGON FRANCISCO JESUS.
Year: 2006.
University: CÓRDOBA [www.uco.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE DERECHO.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE DERECHO.

Summary: The distribution of the press in Spain, is an economic activity that despite its economic importance, it lacks serious attempts and applications towards their mathematical modeling and in a quest for economic optimization, and no serious attempts towards Applications their modernization and math in a quest for the optimization of it, and although it is true that in recent years, at least in companies distributing press most important, is opting for a bet increasingly serious developments type R & D, the truth is that unlike other types of products eligible for a distribution, in the case of the press there is a long way to go. This work focuses on the improvement and invention of new techniques of the so-called press or dissemination of calculating the optimal quantities of newspapers or magazines to be distributed in each of the outlets which constitute a distribution network. So are presented here defined as Hybrid Prediction models that ultimately is a methodology which seeks to improve on the one hand and / or optimize the distribution process, which even today, most distributors remain type heuristic and on the other hand, seeks to provide a methodology which combines two techniques statistics with different objectives such as: first the treatment of aggregate demand components trend, cyclical, seasonal and random perturbations insignificant and Secondly addressing the demands of outlets, which have seen that are random and they behave according to certain laws of distribution known but dashed by the allocation of services performed by distributors in these and that, based on such claims , be accorded the number of newspapers or magazines to sell by day, week, two weeks,… depending on the nature of the publication.