GENERAL ECONOMY

Author: VILAR RODRÍGUEZ MARGARITA.
Year: 2003.
University: BARCELONA.
Place of defense: CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE CIENCIES ECONÒMIQUES I EMPRESARIALS.

Summary: This thesis is part of the effort to explain the impact of the outbreak and outcome of the Civil War on the development of the Spanish economy in the long run. The research provides a new interpretation of ete shock from the perspective of market trabajo.Partiendo of historiography on the subject, in the thesis raises two major objectives. First is intended as a first approximation of nature agragado to all sources wage desponibles to the state level over the period under review. To this end llava out a critical analysis of the pay information normally used in literature While you llava out a critical analysis of the pay information normally used in literature at the same time as providing new evidence cuantitativa.A then, the estimated annual salary of a sere between the years 1908 and 1963 that meets some basic guarantees uniformity allows us to have a new analysis tool that complements existing ones in lahistoriografía Spanish. Secondly, using this evidence cuantitiativa, the thesis raises different analysis partial ralacionados with the operation of market trabajo.En each such analysis takes as raferencia a broad time frame, because it is never lost perspective of what happened in the decades before the war. In addition, there is a continuous reference to the trends followed by the more developed economies in the international arena, trying to grasp its evolution from the "difference" in the case español.Como result of this analysis will confirm the importance of labor as strategic element of Franco's regime. The new framework of labor Franco interventionist nature repressive and annulled the bargaining power of workers and hardened their conditions of work and life, as evidenced by the collapse in real wages in the postwar civil.Esta situation had effects on structures distributive and produced the país.En the first of these areas, workers lost part of their ability to ebsorber national product in favor of other groups most privileged by the régimen.Paralelamente, in the postwar era, there was a tendency to homogenize the workers through a devaluation of human capital and therefore reduced inequality salarias depending on the level of cualifecación.Respecto the productive sphere, the new institutional framework led to the implementation of a growth model more intensive work aided by the abundance and low price of this factor.En Ultimately, the outcome of the Civil War broke with a process more efficient allocation of labor factor that affected the integration process in the labor market. In short, in the workplace of the postwar civilian political and economic interests clisionanron each other acted against two of the key elements that were behind the virtuous circle behind the golden stage of capitalist growth after the Second World War: progress in labor productivity and improved demand interna.La bankruptcy of some of the basic paradigms of growth left to the Spanish economy in the pattern followed by the main countries of Western Europe and delayed economic recovery.

Author: WANG LI-TE.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CC.EE Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DE CIENCIAS AMBIENTALES.

Summary: The study consists of the following items: 1-Study on the socio-economic and natural resource water Taiwan. 2-Get the advantages and disadvantages of using different systems of property rights to manage the resource nature. 3-examine the socio-economic value of water resources. 4-Investigate the various doctrines of water rights, and criticism from the socio-economic point of view, the current Water Act in Taiwan. 5-theoretical analysis on water markets. 6-Studying the possibility and feasibility of introducing the system of markets to Taiwan waters. 7-To investigate the factors that must be considered and understood in the rate of water rights, find the most apropidado, under the situation of Taiwan, to determine the tax base, and then establish basic formulas for its collection . 8-Finally, establish, under the criterion of fairness and justice on the one hand, the rules and regulations on financial compensation in the agricultural sector, industrial and hydroelectric respectively to carry out the transaction voluntary and temporary water, moreover, the rules on financial compensation under the involuntary transfer of water rights (suspension, revocation and modification) in the sectors mentioned above.

Author: GONZÁLEZ DE ARRILUCEA SOLACHI EVA MARÍA.
Year: 2003.
University: PAÍS VASCO.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Before undertaking any project is required to perform a business valuation of the investment opportunity it presents. In this context, when assessing the viability of an investment project should take into account relevant factors such as uncertainty about the future evolution of the economic variables, the degree of irreversibility of the project or the possibility of investing in several steps to reduce risk. Taking into account all these factors, the first chapter of this thesis reflects the characteristics of the valuation methods commonly used business projects: VAN, TIR PTV, real options, etc. Thus, the main difference between the latter and the critera above is that the method of real options valued the existence of flexibility and uncertainty, and recognize the value of the options business inherent in any investment project, such as temporarily close, expand or maintain the project on hold, etc. In subsequent chapters, has been implemented this endpoint at three different projects, each valued at one point of time particularly important for the industry to which they belong. The first is a project to construct various sectors of housing, under the urban development plan is designed for the city of Vitoria. It is significant that the real estate sector has been affected since the nineties to the present day by a growing level of volatility in the price of housing, it puts this project in building a framework characterized by intense incerdidumbre on future value of the buildings. To evaluate this first business project, has constructed a theoretical model with two sources of uncertainty: housing prices and the interest rate without risk. Based on the results obtained, for a given dimension of the draft edificzción, there is a couple composed of a housing prices and an interest rate without the risk that the value of developing real estate project is matched to keep him in a position to wait. Thus, taking economic data in real time at the beginning of the construction project, the optimal strategy suggests wait for the clearance uncertainty. The second project that has been evaluated in this study is an Internet company. Developments in the last few decades of firms belonging to the new technologies has been marked by situations of overvaluation and sharp falls in prices. In this uncertain context, has selected an Internet company that has maintained a leading position despite the ups and downs experienced by the sector, with a corporate policy marked by a continuous adaptation to changing market conditions. The aim has been to calculate its book value at a moment in time in which the presumed existence of a bubble in prices, and compare it to its market value. It has conducted a Monte Carlo simulation on a model with four sources of uncertainty: income, their tendency over time, costs and the interest rate risk without obtaining a theoretical value very internal to that seen in the market. The latest project is considered an airline. After the crisis caused by acontencimiento of 11 September, the airline industry entered a period of crisis that came to worsen the already delicate situation that firms were experiencing several years earlier. Thus, the purpose of this chapter is worth 8 ar a c 338 ompañía airlift, simulating a model with Monte Carlo with five sources of uncertainty, including the volatilities of the main variables defined by an evolution in the stochastic time. In all cases, the analysis has completed an exercise in comparative static to see how it reacts to the model proposed changes in some of the main variables.

Author: VILAR RODRÍGUEZ MARGARITA.
Year: 2003.
University: BARCELONA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE CIENCIES ECONÓMIQUES I EMPRESARIALS.

Summary: This thesis is part of the effort to explain the impact of the outbreak and outcome of the Civil War on the development of the Spanish economy in the long run. The research offers a new interpretation of this shock from the perspective of the labor market. Based on the existing historiography on the subject, the thesis raises two major objectives. First, it aims to provide a first approximation of character added to all sources available to pay the state level over the period under review. To this end carrying out a critical analysis of the pay information normally used in literature at the same time as new evidence provides quantitative. Then, the estimation of a series of annual salary between the years 1908 and 1963 that meets some basic guarantees of uniformity enables us to have a new analysis tool that complements other existing historiography in Spanish. Secondly, using this quantitative evidence, the argument arises different partial analysis related to the operation of the labor market. In each analysis is taken as a comprehensive reference time frame, because it is never loses the perspective of the events in the decades preceding the war. In addition, there is a continuous reference to the trends followed by the more developed economies in the international arena, trying to grasp its evolution from the "difference" in the Spanish case. As a result of this analysis confirms the importance of labor as a strategic element of Franco's regime. The new framework of labor Franco interventionist nature repressive and annulled the bargaining power of workers and hardened their conditions of work and life, as evidenced by the collapse in real wages in the civil war. This situation has had an impact on the distributive and productive structures of the country. In the first of these areas, workers lost part of their ability to absorb domestic product in favor of other more privileged groups by the regime. Similarly, after the war, there was a tendency to homogenize the workers through a devaluation of human capital which fell pay inequalities according to the level of qualification. Regarding the productive sphere, the new institutional framework led to the implementation of a growth model more intensive work aided by the abundance and low price of this factor. Ultimately, the outcome of the Civil War broke with a process more efficient allocation of labor factor that affected the integration process in the labor market. In short, in the workplace of the postwar civilian political and economic interests collided with each other and acted against two of the key elements that were behind the virtuous circle behind the golden stage of capitalist growth after the Second World War: advances in labor productivity and improved domestic demand. The collapse of some of the basic paradigms of growth left in the Spanish economy in the pattern followed by the main countries of Western Europe and delayed economic recovery.

Author: MORALES GALLEO SEBASTIÁN.
Year: 2004.
University: MÁLAGA.
Place of defense: CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: This thesis has emerged as a key objective economic analysis of the current situation in the industry of building materials in Spain and progress experienced by the same over the past decades since the extent of the Total Productivity Factors (PTF), emphasizing the years ranging from 1965 to 2001. The study of the evolution of productivity and the factors that affect lamimas, figures prominently in the investigation. Its measurement and analysis, both for each of the sectors considered, as for the industry as a whole, has been one of the main objectives of this research biased. Similarly, the collection of different variables and, in particular, the extent of the major factor involved in the production, have brought on their own objectives of this work. Compared to other previous studies in this area, the thesis presents, inter alia, the following innovations. We analyze all the activities engaged in the production of materials that are to be essential raw materials for the construction industry including, within them, which are engaged in the extraction of mineral products and rocks necessary it is in your development or to be used directly in the building activity. It has conducted a quantification and valuation of the stock of physical capital initial, 1965, for the various productive sectors included in the survey, from which are drawn series of net capital stock at prices of replacement employees. On average intensity of alternative use of capital, an indicator has been developed from the series of consumption of various energy sources (electricity, fuel, etc.) used to this, homogeneous physical quantities consumed in each sectors considered in this work. In the measure of overall productivity of the factors in the industry of building materials have been obtained various indicators, so that we can make a comparative assessment of the methods exposed. Among several findings, one can note that the developments over the 36 years (1965 to 2001) for the building materials industry in Spain is presented: 1-A sharp escalation in the strength of capital worker. 2 - The decreasing trend of capital requirements in obtaining product. 3-Continued growth in overall productivity of the factors. The thrust (or reflection) is to express through a systematic reduction of the requirements of labor as well as remnants of intermediate consumption necessary to carry out its productive activity.

Author: Cervellati Matteo.
Year: 2004.
University: POMPEU FABRA.
Place of defense: Dep. Economía y Empresa.
Place of preparation: Departamento de Economía y Empresa.

Summary: The thesis is composed of four chapters dealing with different but complementary problems. In the first chapter titled 'The social contract with endogenous sentiments' we investigate the determinance of political sentiments and the extent of redistribution as jointly interacting processes. The multidirectional feedbacks between political view and the extent of taxation may lead to different equilibria. After having characterized them we study the role of a change in inequality. In the second chapter titled 'Democratization and endogenous constitutions' we study the endogenous emergence of political institutions as resulting from the conflicting interests at the moment of the transition from oligarchic to democratic systems. We focus attention in particular on the role of form of government and of electoral rules. The novel theoretical predictions are empirically tested using available cross country data. The third chapter 'Consensual and conflictual democratization' consider the possibility the democratic transition may be happen in a peaceful environment where all the parties agree on the change of political system as well as under the shadow of conflict. We investigate the two different scenario and characterize the features of the emerging democracies. After having provided a taxanomy of the different transition in terms of initial inequality in natural resource ownership we test the predictions using available cross country evidence. Finally, the fourth chapter 'Resistance to Reforms, inequality and development' considers the role of inequality, and its evolution overtime, in leading to the emergence and disappearence of vested interests which may lead to block reforms which are profitable for the community as a whole. A simple simulation illustrate the ability of the model of reproducing dynamic experiences of income stagnation, transition to modern growth as well as episodes of cross country overtaking and divergence.

Author: CONTRERAS RUBIO IGNACIO.
Year: 2004.
University: PABLO DE OLAVIDE.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: EMPRESARIALES).

Summary: The purpose of this paper is the proposal and analysis models aggregating preferences or social decision, namely those who, based on the views of a group of actors on a set of alternatives, they identify only alternative or subset thereof the favorites are either allowed to order such a set of alternatives depending on the preferences of grupo.En the early chapters examine procedures when aggregation agents express their preferences for a single criterion. Chapter 3 is devoted to the study of the problem of aggregation where each agent considers several criteria in evaluating each alternativa.El work focuses on the study of problems with valuations in scale those issues in which each actor gives a measure of the intensity in the preferences of each alternative using an ordinal scale, both with respect to one to several criteria. Both believed that the information they provide decision makers with respect to different concepts included in the analysis included so vague, through linear relationships of the variables that represent the relative importance of the categories of the ordinal scale and the different criteria valoración.El paper concludes with an application of the proposed models to the data collected in surveys of evaluating the teaching profession in the Pablo de Olavide University.

Author: CASADO DÍAZ ANA BELÉN.
Year: 2005.
University: ALICANTE.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The overall motivation behind the development of this thesis lies in the importance of the failures in services for everyday life, not only companies but also from customers. Thus, the compression of the various elements that affect the satisfaction (in), after a failure in service and behaviors to be derived from such (in) satisfaction, can be very useful for managers of public utilities in terms to reduce the impact of such failures in enterprise performance. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to contribute to the evolution theory and empirical research about the failures in the services through a better understanding of their characteristics and hence its implications for corporate governance. The overall objective is discussed in three empirical applications. In the first study develops and evaluates empirically a conceptual framework based on different areas of research that identifies the antecedents and consequences of the (in) satisfaction with the failure of service (ie, the delay in the flight). Especially, we analyze the impact of negative emotion initial anger at the original trial (in) satisfaction and behavioral intentions and subsequent complaint. The results show a causal sequence "atribución-efecto-intención behavior" (ie, pensar-sentir-actuar). Moreover, we find that the anger is a mediator between the powers of control and (in) satisfaction with the service failed. Moreover, the importance of punctuality has a positive effect on the anger anger. Finally, the anger has an adverse effect on the satisfaction with the service and repurchase intentions and a positive effect on the propensity to complain. The second study examines the impact of secondary negative emotions (anger with the recovery of the service) in the trials of satisfaction side (satisfaction with the recovery service), in the specific context of scenarios diversion through the anger. Furthermore, the magnitude of the failure of the service adversely affects distributive justice and also has an indirect effect on satisfaction through this last variable. Moreover, the attribution of control over the failure of the service has a negative effect on satisfaction surveys. The recovery strategies directly affect distributive justice and indirectly through the satisfaction of this variable. Additionally, the results show an effect of distributive justice and a negative anger in satisfaction. This has been the first attempt to develop a model to examine the effect of specific emotions in the secondary (in) secondary satisfaction, as well as to evaluate empirically model (in) satisfaction with the recovery of service in escenariso of desciación double. Finally, the third and last study examines the impact of third-party complaints on the outcome empresiarial. Specifically, analyzed complaints Server Claims of the Bank of Spain (Part Three), which publishes an annual Report Complaints of Spanish banks. We propose that the disclosure of such information to third parties on complaints is economically relevant to the stock market. The results show that the stock market reacts negatively and significantly to the publication of these annual reports of complaints. So far, the influence of the responses of customers thirds had anlaizado from a customer perspective, but never with respect to their impact on enterprise performance.

Author: RAMÓN DANGLA REMEDIOS.
Year: 2005.
University: ALICANTE.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The objective of this research is to analyze a public institution: The Wages Guarantee Fund (Fogasa) and see their economic implications and labor. It was on the assumption that the Fogasa had facilitated the restructuring of some economic sectors, especially those who were labor-intensive, but not required converting benefited from aid officials, which could lead to a change in behavior of agents work. Traditionally, Fogasa has been studied as an institution of labor law but had never been studied in the approach of an organization which, in the development of its primary function: the insurance wages, has influenced the labor market has changed the behavior of the agents and facilitated the restructuring of some economic sectors. This research aims to broaden knowledge about the wage guarantee fund and its implications on the economic and laboral.Para this on the one hand, created an economic model to explain the operation of certain wages, the variables that condition both of supply and demand as its effects on the labor market and the economy of the existence of insurance salarios.Se selected the province of Alicante and the period básicio of industrial Spanish: the eighties, as an excellent framework in which to study phenomena that we proposed, as in the province are the features that our research interest. They used multiple sources of statistics. Undoubtedly, the biggest contribution of this work is the use of Memoirs of wage guarantee fund, information that until now was underutilized. By studying these reports we have seen the importance that the institution has been in the process of corporate restructuring Alicante. The benefits that the fund paid to workers in the province to be victims of lockouts and not being able to recover their claims, in fact, allowed many manufacturing companies could restructure, as the increased cost to do so were compensation claims. Therefore, by the insolvency and the use of fund sectors that needed to restructure and did not benefit from state aid officers could relax, so artificial standards that protect employment, thereby facilitating the mobility of staff and allowed her reorganization. Their workers could collect part of their claims, which maintained social peace. But this very fact became a practice that should be cyclical in a structural strategy.

Author: NUÑEZ SANCHEZ RAMON.
Year: 2005.
University: CANTABRIA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Due to the growing competitiveness of the European countries compared with other economies in recent years within the European Union there has been a phenomenon of restraint of public spending and reduce the government deficit, thus mitigating potential inflationary dangers. Thus, the fate of resources for the provision of public goods is under greater control by the authorities, trying to discipline spending and require a minimum social return. Moreover, the increased competition in the markets has led to some companies have seen their profit margins cut in a short period of time, being forced to reduce their costs (eg through outsourcing operations), and / or establish policies to promote competitiveness, through the conduct of R & D and generation of innovations. This phenomenon leads to the bottom line of a company depends increasingly on its ability to better manage their inputs. In this context emerges persente work, which is structured in the form of independent trials, but in essence both are trying to assess the economic efficiency in production structures. The first essay entitled 'Analysis Coste-Beneficio for the proposed construction of a container terminal' comes to determining the overall economic efficiency of a draft public investment, including the construction of a temrinal container in a few port facilities in where there is a problem of congestion. The second test is entitled 'Determinants of Technical Efficiency and Impact of Competition in Business Manufactureras Spanish' and seeks, first, to study the determinants that affect the variability of the technical efficiency of manufacturing companies during Spanish the decade of the 90's, based on a stochastic frontier model. In a segudna part of the work explores the relationship between levels of technical efficiency of companies and their market shares, demonstrating that traditionally concentrated in those markets and more cooperative behavior, the effect of efficiency téncia on the market shares of business is weaker than in those sectors more atomised and behaviors more competitive.

Author: CARMONA SANCIPRIANO ANTONIO.
Year: 2005.
University: SAN PABLO CEU.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The objective of this dissertation is to show that - contrary to what has been an opinion generalizada-, the Madrid regional manufacturing sector has experienced during the period studied, 1983-1995, a unique quantitative and qualitative development of this so that - has led industrial growth being one of the Spanish Autonomous Communities fastest growing industry, both from the standpoint of its value added, capitalization, internationalization and other .- The industrial growth in Madrid has spread to regions Bordering result of a process of diffusion and net spill on the area .- The industrial growth in Madrid has spread also sectorally and has starred in a process of self-cutting on the tertiary industry Madrid .- Madrid has undergone an intensive process of modernization based on the technological complexity, capitalization, specialization, domestic coverage, productivity, competitiveness, diversification and diferenciación.En Ultimately, this thesis defiende3 the existence of a diffuser industrial growth and modernization Madrid refutes the view that installed during the eighties and nineties.

Author: GARCÍA FRAPOLLI EDUARDO.
Year: 2005.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of defense: INSTITUTO DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA AMBIENTALES.
Place of preparation: INSTITUTO DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA AMBIENTALES.

Summary: Over the past few decades, the conservation of biodiversity has become one of the most important environmental aspects. With its wide variety of approaches and based on the recognition that biodiversity is not entirely a scientific issue, the term has gone beyond the exclusivity scientific and has entered the field of political and social debate. In order to reverse the loss of biodiversity in Mexico, the Mexican government has launched the program of Natural Protected Areas (NPAs). Established in territories representing different ecosystems, but also from a cultural diversity, the history of NPAs in Mexico has continued to move around a centralizing rationality and a "top down" approach, opting locals in most processes decision-making of policy. Mexico, in addition to being classified as one of the thirteen megadiverse countries, home to a wide variety of indigenous cultures who speak many languages. This cultural diversity is associated with the remaining concentrations of biodiversity in Mexico, since most of their lands coincide with the regions of highest biodiversity in the country. In the humid tropics, the vast majority of people living inside or on the limits of the NPAs are peasants, indigenous people in many cases, engaged in subsistence agriculture. For many years, there has been arguing that agriculture roza-tumba-quema, besides being low productivity, it is damaging to biodiversity. However, many studies have illustrated that the appropriation of nature on the part of indigenous people goes beyond this form of agriculture, and that indigenous tropical moist manage their resources according to a strategy of multiple uses. Thus, in order to design and implement policies that seek to preserve what remains biodiversity in Mexico, we must first understand how the people who live in or near the NPAs interacts with its ecosystem and how to adapt to situations, ecological, social and economic conditions that are in constant change. This thesis provides, in the context of the Yucatan peninsula where tourism is growing so rapidly, an analysis of the logic behind the policy tool of the NPAs, exploring how it has been implemented in three different protected areas. Then, to understand the interdependence between biodiversity and culture in the region, the thesis focuses on a particular case where the maintenance was initiated on a local NPA Otoch Ma'ax Yetel Kooh, known mainly for its spider monkeys. The thesis examines how contemporary Mayan Yucatecos perceive know, use and manage their natural resources as a whole.

Author: GUTIÉRREZ ALIAÑO JOSÉ MARÍA.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA.

Summary: The thesis aims at assessing the policy those incentives and assistance in the field of tourism specific, carried out during the nineties, principally by the Board of Andalusia. Specifically, it concerns the implementation and management carried out by it, about four sources of funding for tourism projects: European Funds, General Administration of the State, Subsidiación interest projects and grants in charge of resources and tax themselves.

Author: LLORCA PONCE ALICIA.
Year: 2006.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.
Place of defense: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.
Place of preparation: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.

Summary: The research, presented then tries to make progress in the explanation of a phenomenon empirically contrasted: the behavior of the asymmetric distribution of the size of enterprises. Empirical evidence on the subject, has shown that in most cases, the savings are supplied by companies of all sizes. The behavior of the asymmetric distribution shows that the markets are formed, usually by very few large companies with a large number of small-scale enterprises. This behavior, far from being a unique feature of the size distribution of companies, is present in other economic phenomena, as others belonging to a wide range of domains. In 1949, lingüstica George Kingley Zipf published a study in which unveiled various phenomena, asymmetrically distributed, which could see a mathematical relationship between the size of an event and their frequency. This relationship, now known as Zipf law, shows that the frequency of occurrence of a specified event depends inversely to its size or intensity. Applied to the distribution of the size of companies, compliance with the law implies that the frequency of companies with a certain size depends inversely to the size reached by it raised to a power. This type of behavior has already been discovered by Pareto, in the year 1896, a controversial issue: income distribution of the population. Since the publication of the work Zipf many have discovered the presence of potential laws in the distribution of various phenomena: the intensity of earthquakes, the frequency of the words, avalanches of extinction of species, or visits to the websites , among others. Today, recognizing the ubiquitous nature of this behavior known as distributions bill potential. Despite the substantial empirical evidence on the subject, the theoretical explanation on the abundant occurrence of phenomena that are distributed as potential laws have not had much success. This research focused on the adjustment of the size of the distribution companies to Zipf's law, extensive empirical evidence on the subject, since compliance checks for Spanish companies. But beyond the empirical work, the objective of the research is to advance the possible theoretical explanations of this phenomenon. In this regard, the research believe that the paradigm of complexity and self-organization is the most appropriate approach to address the issue. It concludes that laws potential observed in complex systems are a feature of the architecture of systems autoorganizados. Specifically, Zipf's law for the distribution of the observed size of firms is a manifestation of self-organization system, in our case the market

Author: AYMERICH MARTÍNEZ JORDI.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS.

Summary: Proposes a simulation model of brand positioning strategies to patir of factor analysis correlation.