INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICIES

Author: FERNÁNDEZ ROBIN ERNESTO CRISTOBAL.
Year: 2003.
University: LLEIDA [www.udl.es].
Place of defense: DERECHO Y ECONOMÍA.
Place of preparation: DC45 UNIVERSIDAD DE LLEIDA.

Summary: The research developed in this thesis is based on the study of the conditions involved in the competitiveness of nations identified by Michael Porter. The work is presented, has as its main objective, to analyze the competitiveness of nations from a new perspective, in order not only to identify the determinants of the success of nations in a global context, but also to determine the degree the relative importance of these factors contributing to the level of competitiveness of countries. In addition, this research is aimed at measuring whether the level of venture businesses, is important in increasing competitiveness of nations. The methodology accomplished considered a model that examines 59 economies to better understand the factors that differentiate the more successful the less advantaged. The application considers the secondary information provided by the World Economic Forum (WEF), in its publication in the year 2000. Based on the results obtained built a model to explain the competitiveness of nations under a global context. The model shows that there are five factors autorreforzantes on which rests the success of a nation through the competence of their signatures. These factors are, in order of importance: the ability of firms to create value for customers demanding and willing to pay for this added value, the platform for the development of new businesses that can generate a country, the degree of development of infrastructure in a given moment of time. The degree of competition that have local firms and government spending on infrastructure. The first two factors can explain nearly 75% of the international success of a nation with a 68.9% and 5.8% of the explained variance, respectively. In addition, the study identifies the variables that express the entrepreneurial capacity of enterprises, are decisive in the successful performance of nations, as three are correlated with the first factor and the remaining four are correlated with the second factor.

Author: PUIG GOMEZ ALBERT.
Year: 2004.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS.

Summary: The dissertation identifies the model insección terminal have continued companies multinaciolal (MNE) at its introduction in three paisese Central Europe (Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) on the basis of information recogidad in different surveys of senior managers MNE with a presence in these countries and tienne estujdios chaos redigados. The model insación identifiaco combines high integration of filiale networks in global production and distribution and high disconnection of these -- of local businesses. The cusas of this model is the new theory of the MNE overall, which takes into consideration the SGP as an integral part of the European region and icluir these country on their network formed by all its piable wide European continent. Such inasación territory has resulted in a productive fabric dudizado in the PEC, where there are -- MNEs, modernized and highly integrated into their production networks and local companies relatively desconexionadas. Citation last Some have succeeded in integrating the network -- but when they do participate in the final portions of the value chain of highly inatable and fragíl. In conmedida, doctoral thesis defended the need for ijplemtar politicos is basically aimed at increasing the quantity and quality of the link between MNE and businesses locade.

Author: RIPOLL ALCON JOAN.
Year: 2004.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT CIÈNCIES ECONÒMIQUES I EMPRESARIALS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT CIENCIES ECONÓMIQUES I EMPRESARIALS.

Summary: The globalization of the economy means the dynamic process of global integration of markets for goods and services, labor, technology and capital derived from the gradual elimination of barriers to international trade and finance is one of the hallmarks of our times. The opening of markets to foreign goods and trade liberalization policies have led to the expansion of international trade, productivity improvement and economic development in emerging countries. In the same way, the abolition of restrictions on the movement of capital and liberalization of domestic financial systems around stimulate higher levels of investment, generate technological externalities, encourage the development of domestic financial markets and are associated with rates higher economic growth. At the same time, the increasing integration of those economies in the international market have become vulnerable to a new type of crisis: the crisis that autoconfirman "or self-fulfilling crises. Indeed, the proliferation of financial crisis and change is often considered one of the defining characteristics of the intensification of economic globalization during the 90s. Moreover, the fact that different episodes of crises have occurred mainly in developing countries more integrated into the international financial markets has meant that these phenomena have become a reference to the uneven distribution of benefits and costs of globalization . Therefore, this kind of "crisis" threatening the proper functioning of free market economies and the progress of globalization of trade and finance, since many emerging countries might become protectionist to the financial fragility and the demands of economic policies imposed by the trade and financial openness to the outside world. The thesis of this research suggests that the increased vulnerability that involves the globalization of the economy - just a transitional problem, because the very dynamics of trade and financial integration just solving medium and long-term distortions that initially generated. Therefore the question is not whether or not liberalize liberalize, but rather to prepare the economy to reduce the risk of an abrupt departure of capital and assimilate the best potential benefits associated with inflows of capital.

Author: RIENDA GARCÍA LAURA.
Year: 2004.
University: ALICANTE [www.ua.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: In recent years we have witnessed a growing interest in family-owned businesses, which make up a very significant amount of business in the economic system of many countries. They are numerous and very complex problems associated with family businesses and they must meet them, if they want to survive and position itself successfully in the marketplace. In this context, it should be noted that the prosperity of the family firm, unlike the rest, in many cases depends on the ability to run three networks interconnected by them. The family, the organization and entrono. It highlights what may be beneficial to the fact that these companies are treated in a different and special, derived from their particularities, an issue that has been treated in greater depth in recent decades. Therefore, this study focuses on family-owned companies, using as a framework the process of strategic direction remain the same, in order to find possible implications for the family factor in this process as well as their ostas distinctive, filling in some ways the gap in the literature in this field. Within this frame of reference for this work will be confined to one of lasa issues that have not received special attention in the segment of family businesses are com growth strategies. Specifically this research is focused on how to achieve and enhance that growth through internationalization. Given this interest, rasalta the tendency of many of these businesses to the internationalization of the same used as a tool for expansion and growth following the incessant increase in the globalization of markets. That is why in this work we wanted to reflect this problem by focusing on such companies from family and the internationalization process being carried out, trying to find out what characteristics presented these companies and how they can limit or encourage decisions inthe field international. All these issues have not been studied in the literature on family business. Finally, it should be noted that the assumptions we have raised have been contrasted to a sample of Spanish companies exporting, distinguishing between family and non-family businesses and comparing between them.

Author: RUIZ DOTRAS ELISABET.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES. UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Summary: The environment financiero-económico current is characterized by a liberalization of the international financial regime, a greater opening of markets, which together with the emergence of information technology and communication allow a high mobility of capital. Given this new environment, the monetary authorities gave special emphasis to the information contained in the curves of interest rates. The central objective of this dissertation is to recruit empirically the degree of convergence of the financial markets, both in the short and long term, during the years between 1992 and 2004. It examines the evolution of the variable interest rate in nominal and real terms in six different countries. The countries chosen are Germany, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. To get the curves of interest rates in advance is necessary to develop a database of government bonds in the short, medium and long term. The required information is accurate daily trading on the secondary market and the characteristics of these titles. This information has been provided by the agency Bloomberg. It develops a database with approximately 65 million observations. Obtaining curves types is performed by the method of Nelson and Siegel (1987), minimizing a goal that depends on the error in price weighted squared by a factor inversely proportional to the duration. The frequency estimation curves interest rates is weekly. Once obtained parameters it is possible to calculate the time series of interest rates in nominal terms for the years 1992-2004 for any desired maturity. While several are calculated interest rates, choosing the interest rate and instantaneous type to 15 years as a representative of the short and long term. Short-term results reflect the integration process of the interest rate in the countries that are part of the EMU and less dispersed among all the countries surveyed. Similarly, the rate in the long term shows how markets converge to a single interest rate from the middle of the period analyzed. Investors believe that macroeconomic imbalances between countries are therefore temporary. From time series in nominal terms, it is possible to calculate the time-series equivalent in real terms after inflation, as measured by the CPI harmonizado based 1996. The results show in real terms lower risk premium in all countries and a synchrony in the market. In contrast empirically those results is the adjustment of the time series to a continuous function through non - parametric approach, in particular the estimate of the kernel regression Nadarya-Watson and principal coordinates are calculated from the matrix in three distances different stages. These coordinates main allow design a map of relative positioning between countries, whose results contrast empirically the degree of convergence of financial markets in the short and long term.

Author: OLIART BERMEJO JUAN.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES - UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Summary: The thesis deals with the changes that accompanied the independence of Lithuania with regard to the USSR and in the transition from a planned economy to a market economy during the nineties.

Author: QUINTANA FRANCIS.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].

Summary: Analizas institutional reforms in Chile focused on the -- administering, managing for results. It aims to identify the impact of institutional reforms on the economic and institutional quality. Since this is to identify the remaining reforms to achieve a more integrated and sustained development.

Author: ARGEREY VILAR PATRICIA.
Year: 2006.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: This dissertation focuses on the phenomenon of immigration from the point of view of economics, specifically from the labor market, while not neglecting that international migration require a multi-disciplinary treatment. This thesis deals with, first, an analysis of the main theories to explain the causes and consequences of migration (Chapter 2), incorporating a section devoted to the empirical work, conducted in Europe and the rest of the world (Chapter 3) concerning the effects caused by immigration. The study of the theories is complemented by the configuration of existing immigration policies in their host countries, hence the treatment of Spanish and EU policy on immigration ($ chapter). The combination of both the theoretical and political aspects serves as a basis for analyzing, a posteriori, a profile of economic immigrants living in Europe. Finally, he examines the volume and characteristics of genetic migration in Spain as a prelude to the construction of a model to assess the real needs of labor in our country and to be able to conclude with some recommendations on certain aspects of politics migratory optimal for Spain. The central hypothesis of this dissertation is that the identification and quantification of the needs of labor is vital to be able to establish, based on the results, the specific criteria about dela desired immigration and more beneficial for the economy. The variable measurement plays a crucial role in defining the basic criteria for the recruitment of foreign workers. The geographic scope is limited to that the study is the European, to the more general issues concerning regulation, and Spanish for the empirical analysis and the enunciation of the characteristics of migration flows that needs our labor market. As for the population that is the subject of this thesis is composed of economic migrants. The working tools are employed empirical analysis (through the matching of the real needs of labor in the Spanish labor market) and the descriptive method (materialized in the characterization of the phenomenon of immigration and the development of a specific profile the immigrant community and Spanish. variables employed increased interest over the thesis are the qualifications and occupation.

Author: BAUTISTA GONZÁLEZ ALEJANDRO.
Year: 2006.
University: MÁLAGA [www.uma.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES (UMA).

Summary: Given the fragmentation of American integration involving five subregional markets and a country that operates independently (Chile), in addition to a proposal to form the continental Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) across the length and breadth of the continent. In addition to a proposal to form the "Bolivarian Alternative for Latin America and The Caribbean, better known as ALBA," investigación-tesis analyzes and explores an alternative own "shop" for the development of the South American region, because of the refusal integration of the ALCA and the limited support for the "Alba". Addressed the issue in depth facts and the analysis and conclusions, favors the formation of an integrated model for the South American region to reconcile and harmonize the will of the peoples of this part of the continent through a central agency management and administration, which will be called the "UNION OF SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION AND COOPERATION (USIC)"