INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Author: GARCIA FONSECA CANDIDO.
Year: 2003.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: UNIV.VERACRUZANA.UN.BARCELONA.

Summary: As the Mexican peso one of the most important currencies in the modern monetary history since the late nineteenth century has lost value against the dollar in the last quarter of the twentieth century has suffered recurrent crises with devastating consequences for the economic development of Mexico. You do a search of the "difficult situations" of the Mexican economy during the period 1921-2000 are identified recurrent crises and is madir its pernicious effects in order to characterized. It contrasts hypothesis working against conyunturales structural changes and the global economy and political system presidential scenarios that encourage enduadamiento external destabilizing backbone of recurrent crises. The final hypothesis considers alendeudamiento external desetabilizador as a cause of recurrent crises of the Mexican peso and the loss of the conditions of return on financial investment as its trigger.

Author: PULIDO GUTIERREZ ANTONIO.
Year: 2003.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA.

Summary: In the first chapter we define the objectives, methodology and sources used. In the second chapter we characterization sector, defining the changes that affect them and their evolution. In the third chapter we make a reference to foreign tourism and its economic importance as a strategic sector. In the fourth chapter we define so modelizada causes of the evolution of tourism demand in Spain in the period 1985-2001. In the fifth chapter studying different models with developments in the external competitiveness of tourism in the period above. And in the last chapter made the findings.

Author: LOPES DA SILVA ELAINE APARECIDA.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EC. Y EMPRESARIALES UB..

Summary: The central objective of the research is to measure the perception of the Brazilian businessman on the products and services of Spanish companies. The motivation for starting this research was that the economic relations between Spain and Brazil have experienced spectacular growth in recent years: Spain today is one of the biggest investors in Brazil. The relevance of the topic is to provide specific information on Spanish entrepreneurs how they are perceived in Brazil for goods and services in Spain. The use of this information will serve as a support to those emprerios to develop better tactics for marketíng appropriate to the Brazilian market. It will be helpful for Spanish firms seeking to invest in Brazil.

Author: MORALES LETZKUS CRISTIAN RODRIGO.
Year: 2005.
University: CÓRDOBA [www.uco.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CCEE Y EMPRESARIALES, ETEA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CCEE Y EMPRESARIALES, ETEA.

Summary: Currently has gained the conviction that the binational development in the field of borders is an important way to alleviate the great economic and social disparities between countries participating in a process of integration. In this context, it should be tested new forms whose central goal is the generation of strong ties and increasing economic interdependence, by conducting, among other means, in concrete programs and projects of common interest. One such means of creation and consolidation of interdependencies is the actual border integration. The main aim of the thesis is to raise border integration as a tool for development that lessen regional imbalances in the particular case of the region Coquimbro-Chile and the Province of San Juan-Argentina. It is advisable to the promotion of integration processes in an organized manner through programs, which must be conducted in the following stage: diagnosis of the region, program objectives (purpose and objectives), tools (projects) and validation; and should cover areas such as infrastructure, cultural, business, educational and productivos- One of the main outcomes of this work is to develop a program of integration for the region. The diagnosis of the border region included issues such as the production system, exploitable natural resource endowment, population, business development, links with the neighboring region-border and regional institutions and the political, economic and social development of the bilateral relationship. It is obvious the lower level of relative development of the border region as compared to their respective concerning nationals. Thus it is estimated that the purpose of the program is to be supporting the development of the respective regions. In turn diagnosis realizes many weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats in the region, all of which allow setting goals for the program and help develop the region. The objectives are to be verifiable, which makes it necessary to make certain instruments to measure achievement. It is advisable to make the instruments by means of projects. Since the initial diagnosis, it is estimated that the following projects are those that will impact more notariamente in achieving the purpose and objectives formulated for the program: Draft Paving and Maintenance of Roads Ch-45 and RN-150, Tunnel Construction Project in Paso Border Project to Improve Conditions and access of the Port of Coquimbo, Mining Project Cooperation, Cooperation Project and the University Business Cooperation Project. The program should be led by the Committee on Border step Agua Negra, in a manner ensuring adequate participation by the public and private actors who are involved on both sides of the border.

Author: PÉREZ CASTRO MIGUEL ÁNGEL.
Year: 2005.
University: GRANADA [www.ugr.es].
Place of defense: ESC. UNIVER. DE CIEN.SOCI. DE MELILLA.
Place of preparation: FACULTADAD DE ECONOMICAS DE UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA.

Summary: The main objective of this research is to analyze the impact they are having and will have in the autonomous city of Melilla in the first decade of the twenty-first century, the entry into force of various legal systems, both national and community, and that are influencing this territory due to the peculiarities of economic and funding that make up his identity. Melilla as' Franco Territory 'and therefore outside the European Customs Union, is being affected in their trade and their main source of funding, local excise own (IPSI), with the entry into force of a free trade area industrial products from the year 2000 through the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement between the EU and Morocco. In turn, the incorporation of the autonomous cities from January 2002 to funding model of the autonomous communities in Common Meals, we are allowing to modify and expand its financial resources.

Author: Mezo Balaca Ines.
Year: 2006.
University: A CORUÑA [www.udc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales.

Summary: The progressive liberalization of trade among the ten countries joined the European Union in 2004 and the EU 15 has led to an increase in trade relations and a profound change in the pattern of trade between the two groups of countries. The first part of the investigation looks at the change in this pattern of trade classifying trade into three types: inter-trade, intra-industry trade differentiation horizontal and vertical differentiation of intra-industry trade, the latter by disaggregating ranges of quality. The results show that the increase in intra-industry trade is due to the growth of intra-industry trade vertical differentiation. In exchanges intra vertical differentiation of countries incorporated in 2004 to the EU are specialized in ranges of low quality, with an upward trend in quality. The second part focuses on the relationship between trade and intra adjustment costs under the Smooth Adjustment Hypothesis. It analyzes the costs of adjustment through the measurement of intra-industry trade marginally. The results confirm that the adjustment between the countries incorporated in the EU in 2004 and the EU 15 has a strong intra character. There is a positive development for the group of ten countries arising from the increased trade with the EU 15. The increased costs of adjustment had taken place before the start of the decade beginning in 2000. The analysis shows those areas where they have the biggest adjustment costs, and those who benefit most as a result of increased trade. The final part discusses the impact of increased trade among the group of ten countries and the EU 15 for the Spanish trade. The results show an improvement in the competitive position of the goods manufactured in countries incorporated into the EU in 2004 in the European market. Also there is a growing similarity between the pattern of their exports and Spanish exports to the EU 15. This makes the group of ten countries gifted competitors in the European market.

Author: FITA CATÁ ANTONIO.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: UNVIERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Author: MACKINTOSH RAMIREZ ANTONIO.
Year: 2006.
University: OVIEDO [www.uniovi.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOSOFIA UNIVERSIDAD DE OVIEDO.

Summary: APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) is a body that brings together 21 economies of the Pacific Rim, including Mexico, and aims to strengthen the openness of the system of trade and investment in Asia-Pacific through liberalization, facilitation and development of cooperation in the region. One of its cornerstones is the economic and technical cooperation that is in scientific and technological cooperation. The question that we set out to know is how far Mexico participates in APEC in the field of scientific and technological cooperation. Through a field work was obtained by the fact that their participation is really insignificant. The new issue that we intend to answer is why such an outcome. Being multi response we wanted to stop one of the important variables that is the culture. In order to determine the validity of this hypothesis stop in analyzing the political field from countries like the United States, which is resulting in greater turnout in the scientific and technological cooperation with Mexico and Japan, which holds the second place in this turnout. From the perspective of the current context of globalization, will attempt to locate the relative position of Mexico in relation to international cooperation to development and the system of international relations in which it is founded on international law of human rights. Finally, we discuss the obstacles and opportunities that these variables studied offer for a change of policy direction in Mexico cooperation within APEC.