HOSPITALITY TOURISM

Author: COBO QUESADA FRANCISCO BENJAMÍN.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The overall aim of the dissertation is aimed at analyzing the attitudes of managers of independent hotels in Spain, towards collaboration and partnership with other establishments in the tourism and hotel industry in particular. This is a review of the literature on business cooperation. It raises its viability as a strategic option to improve the competitiveness of enterprises and highlights the contributions made from the field of relationship marketing. From this approach, looks at tourism as an interlocking system, where all players need to cooperate to ensure that the tourist experience of the visitor is satisfactory. It was articulated two levels in the tourism cooperation, cooperation between the sector between the public sector and the private sector, and cooperation among tourism enterprises. Then he studies the hotel industry and the development of voluntary chains worldwide, exploring in greater detail its position in Spain and France, a country where the largest voluntary chain of Europe, Logis de France. These theoretical foundations has been done empirical research, through a telephone survey to principals of 400 independent hotels in Spain to ascertain their level of cooperation, their barriers to associate itself with a string voluntary and their attitudes to these associations hotel obtained. Based on these objectives have been formulated a series of scenarios that have been checked using various tests: the test z proportions of a sample, the mean z test of a sample, the test z overlapping proportions of a sample The chi-square test of association (Z2) and the test of variance (ANOVA). Additionally, the correlation has been used for Spearma, and the factor analysis and principal component analysis typological (clusters). Research findings indicate that the independent hotels in Spain developed a certain level of cooperation, which depends on the scale organizational establishments (measured by their category and the number of rooms), but that is not influenced by the type of location physics hotels (coastal, urban affairs, rural). The main barrier cited by hotels for not entering into a hotel association referred to the good results obtained by the hotel. In general barriers to the associations identified by establishments point to the individualism and the unsuitability of partnerships to the needs of establishments such as the determinants of its non-adherence. Lastly, the general attitude towards the hotels association is positive and is not influenced by the size or organizational or physical location delos establishments. This general attitude has been measured through the assessment of 21 activities of the hotel management on a scale of 0 to 10. Among these activities best appreciated by the hotels has been the ability of voluntary chains to improve their competitiveness. These results lead to raise the need to stimulate the hotelier associations in Spain and favor from the government the establishment of a "culture of partnership". KEYWORDS: INDEPENDENT HOTELS, ASSOCIATIONS HOTELERO, COOPERATION HOTELERA, CHAINS VOLUNTARY

Author: CHAVEZ MIRANDA M. ESTHER.
Year: 2004.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The Yield Management (also known as Revenue Management) is a process that seeks to allocate units of capacity (seats on an airline, in a hotel room), the various market segments, applying the correct fare, so as to obtain the maximum possible benefit or income. It is therefore a mixed technique that combines both the management of demand and capacity. Our work is dedicated to the study of this technique in particular: -Realizamos a literature review on the articles published on Yield Management in academic journals, at both national and international tourism and hospitality during the study period 1996-2003. The list of international journals analyzed includes: Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, lnternational Joumal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Intemational Joumal of Hospitality Management, Joumal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, Fill Hospitality, Joumal of Travel Research, Annals of Tourism, Joumal of Leisure Research and Tourism Management. With regard to the revised national titles, are these: Management H Studies Turisme de Catalunya, Annals of Tourism (in Spanish), Tourism Studies, Management and Hotel and Tourist Enterprises Papers for Tourism. - Analyzed articles located, together with documentation obtained in previous research (research work "Yield Management: Bibliographical Survey and pre aspects), a key points that would shape the Theoretical Framework our doctoral thesis. This includes both aspects generic technique as specific to consider in their application in the hotel industry. -Realizamos an empirical study on the implementation of Yield Management in the census formed by hotels and Seville province, four and five stars. during the design of empirical research describing the content areas under analysis: classification of the hotel (various aspects and dimensions of the hotel chain), barriers or difficulties in the implementation of YM (both at the present time as the start of process of implementation of the technique), knowledge of YM / RM (knowledge of the terms Yield Management / Revenue management, introduction to hotel and use of a software implementation), Benefits and drawbacks of its implementation, and application of YM, distinguishing between aspects of its slope demand management from those related to their side management capabilities. define the scope of our research and correlational, descriptive and exploratory specific areas. This will make a total in 52 of scenarios that would enable us to achieve the goals outlined in our empirical study. order to collect data, select the questionnaire, which is given in the form of interviews, conducted mostly to managers of hotels or the person indicated by these .

Author: MONDEDEU MARTÍNEZ ALFREDO.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID [www.upm.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE MONTES.

Summary: Since the antigà ¼ age change of residence in any time of year has been the practice. The quest for better health, recreation and relaxation led this habit. The incorporation of Spain to the tourist market was not a coincidence, but the effort of many thinkers and entrepreneurs who established the foundation, goals and tools for the development of tourism. When a principios del siglo XX, Spain joins the tourist market, was the first Mallorca in the Balearic Islands in hosting visitors, but earlier, since 1830 Majorca received an international tourism of illustrious personalities and artists. During the twentieth century has developed a strong tourism industry Balearic into three stages of strong growth. The first "Boom" Balearic tourism took place between the beginning of mass tourism and the first international crisis of oil (1960-1973). This period was characterized by the construction of large hotels on the coast. The second occurred between the beginning of economic recovery and the first Gulf War (1984-1990), when apartments were built as a new offer and was consolidated pressure on the coast. The third period began with the recovery of the previous Gulf crisis and the attack on the Twin Towers (1996-2001), characterized by the expansion of tourism activities that involve an offer of accommodation throughout, not only on the coast. This thesis delves deeper into the study of tourism in the Balearic Islands, past and present and how to harness the cultural and natural resources it possesses to achieve sustainable development of tourism and the economy balear. In the background is studied the past and evolution of tourism in the Balearic Islands, starting with the origin of Spanish tourism and continuing on the historic evolution of coastal tourism, creation of national parks and ending with the concept and development of cultural heritage. As part of the methodology, deals with the current state of tourism, the first defining the types of tourism and that the author meant by sustainable tourism, after making a tour of the economic data on tourism in Spain, data of tourism in the Balearic Islands and the economic data of both natural and cultural resources. After moving to explore the geography of tourism and tourism from a sociological standpoint. Finally, in this chapter is a survey of visitors to the Balearic Islands and discusses in detail the natural and cultural heritage of the islands. The third chapter looks as harness the natural and cultural heritage and tourism resources, starting with the social demand for these resources, to raise after a sustainable tourism strategy through the creation of tour packages, cultural and ecotourism: patronage and the quality tourism. Lastly, and to complete the thesis presents the results and conclusions reached after the journey through the past and present state of tourism in the Balearic Islands, and guidelines should be followed to be a mineable resource healthy for many more years.

Author: URQUIDI MARTÍN ANA CRISTINA.
Year: 2006.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT D'ECONOMIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT D'ECONOMIA.

Summary: The overall objective of this research is to understand and analyze what kind of internal information systems are currently used within the management processes and decision making, considering the role of contextual factors in the election system. Under a multienfoque identifies and discusses the possible relationships between the various factors and contextual as influencing the choice of this system. To achieve this goal we have structured this work in two large blocks. The first one covers the theoretical framework, which sought to define contextual factors: environment, strategy, structure, culture and characteristics of the organization, and link information systems. Collecting the proposals in a theoretical model and making assumptions contrast. The second block, this focused on the empirical study, which begins with a quantitative study on a sample of hotels in the Valencia region, which subsequently serve as a basis of a qualitative study carried out through four exploratory cases. In conclusion, it is noted that before the new environments, organizations need management accounting systems, which facilitate the calculation of costs, as well as a budget and quantitative forecast on the short-term future of the company. The successful implementation of a system of internal information will depend not only on the environment, but we must take into account the inherent talents and resources of the organization as well as the goals and objectives pursued by it. Stressing the need for consistency between all the elements because, all the dimensions involved in the organization must be conducted in the same direction.

Author: ALCOVER CASASNOVAS ANTONIO LUIS.
Year: 2006.
University: ISLAS BALEARES [www.uib.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Currently associates increasingly Mallorca term target mature, although both this concept and its implications seem confusing. Normally, the origin of this concept is associated with the tourist evolutionary models and more specifically, the life cycle of tourist areas (TALC) Butler (1980). To this author destinations passing through a number of stages until it reaches its stagnation leaving open the final part of the cycle (the post-estancamiento). Today TACL is probably the most important paradigm of science tourism (Prideaux, 2000) despite its operability problems (Haywood, 1986, Opperman, 1998). In this paper we attempt to resolve some of the major problems affecting the TALC: the delimitation of the common destiny, the relevant market, the potential variability of the curve and the choice of the variables. It also explores what has been its relationship with Majorca presenting the evolution of destination from a traditional approach. The results barely satisfactory obtained from this perspective lead us to make a new reinterpretation of TACL. This task is overboard in the first place, justifying both the demand side and the supply that the TALC tends to take on the traditional destinations as functional logistics. To determine if the function estimated adapting to TACL explores the nature of the waste using the test unit with roots structural change in transition slowly Leybourne Newbold and Vougas (1998). If waste is stationary the effects of shocks tend to disappear met the TALC. If on the contrary, any deviations presented roots unit, will be permanent and will not be satisfied the TACL. In our case, we apply this to Mallorca contrast to the series of passengers, lodging and tourists taking the three alternatives cited in the test and studying their behavior in logarithmic terms to ensure the robustness of the results. Pro Instead, it presents a pattern characterized by the presence of roots unit and is therefore not stationary. In addition, non-stationary nature of the series adds to the need for an active policy in the destination given its potential impact on their long-term evolution.

Author: CLADERA MUNAR MAGDALENA CONCEPCIÓN.
Year: 2006.
University: ISLAS BALEARES [www.uib.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Currently, there are many places, especially destinations that have reached a stage of maturity, with a segment of tourists repeaters which represents a high proportion of the total tourists visiting the destination. If this move to the arguments of the literature and marketing of consumer behavior in relation to the repetition of the comparison of a product or service, the repetition of the visit to a destination would be a positive sign that could be associated with loyalty tourists, the satisfaction gained, the intention of returning to the destination, recommendations to potential visitors, and so on. However, this view was not unanimous, as the high weight of repetition of the visit to a destination also has been associated with the loss of attractive new tourists, with a lack of incentives to improve and upgrade the tourism product and the possibility that tourists repeaters perform a minor expense. The overall objectives of this work are to study the characteristics associated with the repetition of the visit to a holiday destination, as well as the determinants and economic consequences of this behavior, in order to reflect on the possibility that the building loyalty tourists to the destination may constitute a favorable strategy for the viability of mature destinations. Two of the major drawbacks that have been raised for the repetition of the visit, on the one hand, the possibility of giving a powerful disincentive to improvements in the quality and renewal of the tourism product offered by the destination, and, secondly, the possibility of spending made by tourists repeaters can be lower than that of the first visitors. Regarding the first point, the results that were obtained in this study do not support this possibility, as the prime determinant of the intention to return is the satisfaction gained from the destination. If the destination managers seek to enhance the repetition of the visit should strive to offer a product that meets the needs of tourists. In the case of the Balearic Islands, is planned as an essential dimension of satisfaction, the component consists of the basic attributes of the product of the sun and sea. Additionally, the repetition of the visit has been linked to the motivation for the quality, so having a significant segment of tourists repeaters, far from discouraging quality improvements can incentivarla. In relation to the effect of the repetition of the visit on tourist expenditure, although it is true that that was obtained by repeating itself negatively influences on spending, this effect may be offset if the tourist chooses the destination motivated by the quality or if repeated, not only at the destination, but also in the same area. The promotion of a quality product and the creation of emotional bonds with the fate seemed open, therefore, as key elements to define strategies to enhance the competitiveness of the destination.