INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AND PUBLIC SECTOR

Author: CAMARENA GIL RICARDO.
Year: 2002.
University: MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ DE ELCHE [More theses of this university] [www.umh.es].

Summary: The objective of this dissertation is the study of the special procedures of payment in the public sector, its implementation, verification through empirical statistical methods of its growing importance, its critical analysis to provide an improved model for avoiding their disadvantages and finally the establishment of a system for monitoring and control to avoid deviations and fraud.

Author: ORNAGUI CARMINE.
Year: 2003.
University: CARLOS III DE MADRID [More theses of this university] [www.uc3m.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y JURIDICAS.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD CARLOS III DE MADRID.

Summary: This thesis considers different aspects of the effects of the activity of innovation and development (R & D). Chapter 1 is intended to examine whether companies can benefit from innovation by competitors, which are commonly defined the term spillovers of English, both to improve productivity and the quality of their products. The empirical analysis confirms the existence of positive externality of innovation of a company on the efficiency of other companies already found in other studies and shows for the first time that the product innovations have a greater dissemination of technology that process, either in magnitude and in penetration. Chapter 2 focuses on the problems of estimating the parameters of a production function Cobb-Duglas, where some variables are measured with errors. Of particular relevance took the elasticity of output with respect to the drive for innovation, which shows take higher values when used deflators sales at the aggregate level invez that at the enterprise level. Chapter 3 focuses on the empirical analysis of the effects of innovation and investment in new technology on the productivity of enterprises. The main finding is that advances in technology need to be articulated in new capital goods or in human capital while no evidence for the existence of neutral technological progress. Chapter 4 discusses the relationship between innovation and mergers. The results of this latest chapter suggests that companies are having trouble replacing major components with other promising drugs are more likely to merge. In other words, purchasers are characterized by research results unsatisfactory prior to the merger. Despite the fact that purchasers choose companies with similar research programs, which should be a priori maximize synergies between the companies involved, these operations do not appear to involve any efficiency for the companies involved. In contrast, mergers appear to worsen further research results of the companies.

Author: NEMETH GABRIELLA.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [More theses of this university] [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DEL CC.EE Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: CC. EE. Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: This dissertation takes place at a crucial stage of the Hungarian electricity sector where the need for both structural and regulatory reforms were made and patents were introduced with the objectives of improving the efficiency of sector.Establecer mechanisms of economic incentives and prepares conditions for the operation among competing sector.En the study period were objervan changes both structural and regulatorios.Tras the process of restructuring, which resulted in the provatización, we find a single buyer model in the electricity sector in Hungary where phase genreación operating oligopolistic structure, as a monopoly transmission and the six emmpresas sitribuidoras were monopolies regionales.Para get a expoltación efficient and fiancieramente self, made falata create a more transparent in the sector, remove existing cross subsidies during elmonopolia, introduce incentives for economic corporate governance, ensuring a profit margin incentivasen investment aseguar prices compatible ocn a certain level of quality and safety and above all, the base pay of the companies in the costs incurridos.De Thus from 1997 were introduced a new framework regularorio combining elements of a regulation of enterprises constitute the periodic reviews of the costesw every 4 years, and based on the stipulation they standardized prices. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the structural and regulatory changes over the period 1990-2002 and make the empirical study, in non-monetary terms, the impact of the reforms on the efficiency produrctiva of central load resource base fossils in a framework of analysis not paramétrico.Los results reveal that the reforms have had little effect on production efficiency, both across the sample as in the groups created as fuel utilizado.Estos results can be explained by overcapacity in the system low utilization of the plants, especially those hydrocarbons, and the existence of contracts for the purchase of electricity in the long term that divert the optimal exploitation of causing significant welfare losses.

Author: CLAICI ADINA OANA.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Author: RODRIGUEZ BAREA FRANCISCO JAVIER.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [More theses of this university] [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES..

Summary: The railway sector has not been alien to the processes of liberalization and / or privatization of other sectors of traditional public intervention. Over the past decade has begun a process of liberalization driven by Uniónn European average for their directives and proposal that each country will implement it in its legislation gradually. Recently, Spain has enacted Law 39/2003, the rail sector, which represents a major step forward in that process. The Act defines a new model railway, based on the separation of the management of infrastructure which are operacines transportation, which will encourage the entry of new rail operators. In this context, two are the objectives set out in this thesis, on the one hand, to prove empirically whether the ownership, public or private, railway companies and the market situation, regulated or deregulated, or not to affect the efficiency of these. And another, / propose to use as a management tool is the Balanced Scorecard (Balanced Scorecard), which will contribute to improving the efficiency of governance. Building a prototype applicable to a public company managing the railway infrastructure. For this purpose of this thesis is divided into four chapters, plus one conclusions. The first defines the characteristics of a public corporation, their comparison with the gestón of private enterprise, to conclude with a review of the empirical evidence on the efficiency and the different calculation methods exist. To further implement the method of envelopes Data Analysis (DEA) on two samples of data for railway companies and rail infrastructure management companies in order to obtain a empirical evidence on whether ownership, public or private, and situalción market liberalized or regulated, or not to affect the efficiency of this technique. At the equator the aim of the thesis is to find a solution to the inefficient management of public enterprises. This solution is for finding a herranienta to clarify the objectives of the company, will serve as a control system and the principal agent, and enable the introduction of a system incéntivos to ensure efficiency and eficacía the performance of the directors of the public company. On this basis is the Balanced Scorecard as a necessary tool in the management of public enterprises and / or private. Finally, the fourth chapter deals with the issue of the design and construction of a Balanced Scorecard applicable to a company Railway Infrastructure Management, which according to the law 39/2003 be called ADIF. It describes a methodology to build and deploy such a tool. In its annex, is a further step in raising a process of selecting a suitable software to make possible a rapid and effective implementation of the Balanced Scorecard Integral.Por midst of a self-assessment questionnaire in which defines all the functions that must meet a Balanced Scorecard, has tested various tools on the market to find the most appropriate.

Author: DIEGUEZ FERREIDO RICARDO.
Year: 2004.
University: VIGO [More theses of this university] [www.uvigo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CC. EE DE VIGO.

Summary: This thesis describes the procedures and accounting practices prevailing in the states of Mercosur, relating from a enforque analitico, with the parameters of the environment, to provide a reasoned guide to the models accounting for each of the countries that make up Mercosur ocn order reaching a armunización of financial information in that geographic area, based on the convergence of accounting model of international accountig standard boursd (IAS / B).

Author: FLORES FILLOL RICARDO.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSITAT AUTÃ’NOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSITAT AUTÃ’NOMA DE BARCELONA (UAB).

Summary: The air transportation sector has witnessed a number of changes since the deregulation of the US industry (in the 1980s) and of the European industry (in the 1990s). These changes include the intensified competition both in airfares and frequencies, the reorganization of routes into hub-and-spoke networks and, still taking place, the formation of strategic alliances among international carriers. Since my research interests are mainly focused on Industrial Organization and Airline Economics, I have found in this dynamic sector a convenient environment to analyze a number of issues. The first chapter entitled "Strategic Formation of Airline Alliances" (joint with Rafael Moner-Colonques), analyzes the effects and the strategic formation of airline alliances when two complementary alliances, following different paths, may be formed to serve a certain city-pair market. We find out that the formation of alliances is not always profitable even though joint pricing of interline trips eliminates a double marginalization. Although this outcome appears to present a puzzle, the explanation comes from the competitive environment and the fact that alliances hurt rivals. Alliances decrease rivals' interline airfare and travel volume; and rivals' lower interline fare puts a downward pressure on partners' interline fare. This effect increases with competition intensity and, when competition is very tough, alliances lead to very low interline fares both for partners and rivals, lowering allied profits and turning alliances unprofitable. The second chapter "Airline Schedule Competition" (joint with Jan K. Brueckner), builds up a simple duopoly model of where carriers compete both in fares and scheduling decisions. Before the deregulation, carriers faced constraints in fares and route structures and competition was concentrated in scheduling decisions (flight frequency). Only in an unregulated framework, airline competition extended to fares. In spite of the importance of schedule competition, little attention has been devoted this key aspect of airline operations. This paper tries to help filling this gap by studying how scheduling competition affects airline interaction and performing a welfare analysis that concludes that there is an underprovision of frequencies and too many passengers excluded from air travel. Finally, the third chapter "Airline Competition and Network Structure", applies the model introduced in the second chapter to study optimal network choices and analyze their welfare implications in an unregulated environment where carriers may organize their networks either fully-connected (FC) or hub-and-spoke (HS). We find out that, in a framework where air-transport costs are sufficiently low, carriers adopt hubbing strategies as happened following the deregulation of the industry. As costs increase, economies of traffic density weaken and airlines' incentives to pool passengers from several markets into the same plane vanish. Consequently, FC structures occur in equilibrium when costs are sufficiently high. In addition, asymmetric configurations where one carrier chooses a FC strategy and the other chooses a HS strategy may arise without introducing any asymmetry (neither in costs nor in demand parameters). This result captures the actual coexistence of alternative network strategies in the airline industry. Finally, the analysis of the social optimum reveals an underprovision of frequencies characterizing FC network structures, confirming the results in the second chapter. Quite interestingly, flight frequency can become excessive under HS network configurations.