MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (5)

Author: Serna Pelaez John Romeiro.
Year: 2005.
University: MONDRAGÓN UNIBERTSITATEA [www.mondragon.edu].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales-Oñati.

Summary: In order to propose a new model SIM implement a culture that allows marketing firms, the first chapter calls for the evolution of the same, and interpretations that have not only different authors, but in reality they enterprises. Chapter Two comes to collect the main concepts of organizational structure and culture marketing concepts that have not been considered by traditional SIM. The chapter contains three different methodologies, actions of field work and their findings, both in Basque Country / Euskadi in Medellin / Colombia. Finally, in chapters four and five, designing the new model SIMK, highlighting the major processes that shape and the best way to implement it through the cycle PHVA. Additional paragraphs which technically should contain a thesis, enclosing the CD-ROM, The New SIMK, practical application that allows education and implementation of the same.

Author: GARCIA PARRA MERCEDES.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA [www.upc.edu].
Place of defense: DEP. ORGANITZACIÓ D'EMPRESES.
Place of preparation: ETSEIB, EDIFICI H Campus SUD.

Summary: From the resource-based theory (Teece et al. 1997; Itami, 1987), in the last decade a lot of researches have been developed in the study of the knowledge - knowledge based view- (Amit and Shoemaker, 1993; Grant, 1996; Kogut and Zander, 1992) which postulated the skill of the enterprises to order to create and to use knowledge would have a great impact in the future competitiveness of the enterprises, from the base established by some authors as Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), Spender (1996) or Davenport and Prusak (1998). A part of the studies of this research stream have focused on the effective use of that knowledge, acquiring the nomenclature of intellectual capital associated to the intangible assets (Edvinsson and Malone, 1997; Bontis, 1996; Roos et alt., 1997). The concept the intellectual or intangible capital is defined as the set of intangible assets of an organization that are not reflected in the traditional accounting forms but the market perceives that they generate value or they have potential of generating it in the future (Good Fields -Euroforum- 1998) and that they explain part of the differences between book value and market capitalization of the enterprises (Sveiby 1997 and Edvinsson 1997). But as the report of Meritum project (2001) indicates, it is necessary to know that not all the intangible ones are active into account. "There are elements which represent sources of destruction of future wealth that can be named intangible liabilities". From this point where the models of intangible capital are based on the financial statements, it exposes the need to define and to study the intangible liabilities as the source of the intangible assets for the enterprises. The background of this issue we find them in authors as Harvey and Lusch (1999) and Caddy (2000) who expose the need to take this concept into account in their works. So, the doctoral thesis is a proposal and a definition of the intangible liabilities as a concept to take into account in the training of the intangible capital. With this objective, the obtaining of a definition as precise as possible of this element will be the first step, adapting it, as much as possible, to the accounting standards as well as its characteristics and classification. It is proposed a net model of intangible capital that is formed by the difference between intangible assets and intangible liabilities, as in the case of the financial accounting. After introducing the intangible liability concept, it tries to complete the existing models of intangible capital giving a wider vision that considers not only the Debit of the "invisible" Balance but also the Credit. With others words, the intangible liabilities or duties that allow the obtaining of its intangible assets for the enterprise. From an inductive methodology, Delphi method intends the experts in this subject to give their consensus to the definition of intangible liabilities as not monetary duty to the enterprise and source of the intangible assets. On the other hand and after finishing this part, it is a matter of observing the possible effects of the existence of the intangible liabilities, through an enquiry, in one of the groups that form the internal agents of the enterprise as the workers that would be one of the suppliers of intangible assets. This new contribution intends, mainly, to adapt, in greater measure, the existing models of intangible capital with the norms of international accounting, where the net capital is formed not alone for assets but also for liabilities. Moreover, the research tries to establish the existence of some duties (not monetary) on the enterprise that can be required in any moment and that would be named "intangible liabilitiesâ.

Author: ROYO ESPINET RAMON.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA [www.upc.edu].
Place of defense: ETSEIB - UPC.
Place of preparation: ETSEIB, EDIFICI H Campus SUD.

Summary: One of the problems that attracted more attention at the enterprise level is the monitoring of the activity of the leadership on the part of shareholders, especially in large listed companies. The fundamental problem of corporate governance is to find what the contractual relationship that ensures maximum efficiency within the company: that is, to obtain a specific production with minimal resources. This thesis has been chosen to analyze companies homogeneous in terms of sector activity: more specifically, European manufacturers of electrical equipment, and has raised the role of boards of directors in companies in the sector of electrical equipment in their various roles without forgetting the importance of the supervisory role. The ultimate objective of the study is to contribute to a better understanding of how can a management body like the Governing Council to help improve the performance within a sector of activity as is the electrical equipment. As research strategy, has been chosen to achieve this ultimate goal through three partial objectives. 1: Â What are the control mechanisms used in the direction of European companies in the sector of electrical equipment? Â What is the contribution to the performance of these control mechanisms? 2: Â Which of the functions that can take the Governing Council in European companies in the sector of electrical equipment found to be most relevant? Â Which of these features contributes most significantly to the performance? 3: Â What are the characteristics of the Governing Council to decisively contribute to the development of the functions described above, when they take place? Through the method of case-Nine manufacturers are distributed directly or indirectly 85% of the European market and nearly 70% of the world market, and they have based the study, with particular emphasis on ABB, Siemens and Schneider Electric - we set the following theory: companies in the sector of electrical equipment in Europe, the company's exposure to capital markets, such as the presence of a Governing Council, which acts as a control on the steering or a strategic role, in significantly influence the economic performance of the company. The practice of good corporate governance are essential to satisfy shareholders, employees, customers and society in general.

Author: Moreira Ridsdale Jluia Ruth.
Year: 2005.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: ESADE.
Place of preparation: Escuela Superior de Administración y Dirección de Empresas ESADE.

Summary: One of the issues of greatest importance to the senior management of companies is the growth and how to obtain higher levels of growth. Given the importance of obtaining this result for companies, the issue of corporate diversification, and if this path should be used to derive growth is relevancy. However, despite the importance of the wealth and academic literature there are no clear conclusions regarding the relationship between diversification strategy and business performance. For the most part the various academic authors concede that indeed there is a relationship, but the description of the relationship is a complicated issue, which had not been obtained consistent conclusions that apply to different companies in different countries. There are three main models that describe the relationship between corporate diversification and business performance: the Linear model, the U Invertida and intermediate. The first of these describes a positive relationship between the two variables, increased levels of diversification resulting in a positive increase in business performance. The second describes a curvilinear relationship where diversification is profitable to a point at which the costs exceed the benefits, giving an optimal level of diversification. Finally, the relationship Intermediate concluded that companies should seek to diversify, but that there were no significant differences in profitability between diversification and related unrelated. To characterize this relationship in emerging markets presents additional complications. However, in such contexts is even more important given the fact that countries such business groups, large diversified companies, have greater significance in the contour business. Most studies in emerging markets support the linear relationship, based on the assumption that large groups replace many functions institutional non-existent within the country. The same scenario is used in the context of Mexico, given the level of development in which the country. Based solely on information from local, this research focuses on the Mexican industrial companies. The conclusions obtained in this empirical analysis, as well as in other comparable studies corroborate the existence of the relationship of interest, as well as its importance. Using various measures of business performance (growth in sales, growth in net result) confirms that there are significant differences in results based on the diversification strategy followed. The hypothesis that Mexico remains a linear relationship was rejected using both measured results indicated. Additionally, the empirical results of this study indicate that the relationship that best describes the context seems to be the Mexican curvilinear. In conclusion, this research study supports the importance of choosing the proper diversification strategy, since it clearly affects the final result obtained by the company. This is even more important for emerging markets, where the big business groups remain important in the industrial market. Additionally, from the pragmatic point of view, the model curvilíneo supports diversification but only kind of related, and questioning the future of large diversified groups that still exist in Mexico. Finally, further investigation of this relationship in other contexts help them understand if this relationship is specific for each country or you can generalize in countries with similar levels of economic development.

Author: PIMENTA DA GAMA ANTONIO JOAO.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Author: RAMÓN JERÓNIMO MARÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The customer loyalty is one of the main objectives of the companies today. Numerous investigations within academia are putting special emphasis on studying what factors help to the appearance of fairness. The main objective of this research is to find those areas that can strengthen the relationship and to maintain in the future. One important line of inquiry in this respect is the consideration of the confidence and commitment as key determinants of maintaining the relationship (Morgan and Hunt, 1994; Ganesan, 1994). While satisfaction is one of the most important determinants of loyalty, sine, on some occasions, other variables such as trust and commitment are more important than the satisfaction for the maintenance of long-term relationships (Garbarino and Johnson, 1999 ). In this paper we will study will focus on trust. There are many works that have tried this concept earlier in the literature Merketing. Most of these studies try to explore the relevance of this variable in the appearance of loyalty and commitment. However, not only as an academic is considered important relaciones.La confidence in the relationship between Walt-Mart and Procter & Gamble in the United States is an example of the power of confidence to transform a relationship and its associated benefits. Similarly in Europe, Albert Heijn and Heineken and Sea & Spencer and its suppliers have developed relationships based on trust (Geyskens et al, 1998). Our goals are focused on two things fundamentally. The first is to study the trust and its effect on the maintenance of long-term relationships and on the other hand see how it affects the heterogeneity of relations to the relationship between trust and loyalty. To develop these two ideas we ask the following objectives. We started with confidence. One of our main goals is to understand this concept. On the one hand we want to know what are the aspects on the client evaluates its partner in the exchange and that makes him trust him. On the other hand we ask questions about the nature of the trust, if that is should be seen as an attitude, intention or whether both. Once you understand the nature of the confidence we sow the study of its effect on maintaining relationships. We intend, through the analysis of the history and consequences and trust, establish a model that does not allow learn how confidence affects the development of loyalty. To understand in greater depth ele effect of confidence on the loyalty we have the potential existence of moderating variables. That is, variables that affect the relationship between the trust and loyalty. Thus, we propose to study the heterogeneity of relations. We intend at this point to study through the analysis of existing studies which features on both sides of the relationship (client and service provider) can affect their maintenance. Once identified these issues that would determine the heterogeneous nature of the relationship we intend to see how this heterogeneity may affect the development of trust and loyalty. To meet these goals our work is divided into two blocks. A first set in which it is translating the theoretical foundations that allow us to establish the state of affairs. This first block culminates with the approach of a series of hypotheses that seek to identify and respond to the overall objectives we have just raised. The second block includes empirical research carried out. As a result of analysis of the results of this investigation come to a number of general conclusions that we hope will bring some light on the issues raised. We conclude our work demonstrating the limitations and potential 8 lines 2b4 future research associated with this study.

Author: HERNÁNDEZ RODRÍGUEZ YOLANDA DEL VALLE.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: This research work is part of the Theory of Resources and Capabilities (TRC) proposed by Wernefelt in 1984. The importance of this approach lies in the new vision of competitive advantage, which puts the differences in business performance between the various combinations of resources and capabilities that the company owns and controls (Grant, 1995:157). That is, how resources are working together to create the capabilities that create a sustainable competitive advantage (VCS) to the company (Barney, 1986, 1991: Prahalad and Hamel, 1990: Dierick and Cool, 1989; Peteraf, 1993), when the company develops a strategy that creates value and can not be put into execution simultaneously by any current or potential competitor (Rugman and Verbeke, 1998 and 2002). This demand greater flexibility, modern organizational structures aimed at continuous learning and development of skills essential for the company, that is, towards innovative and appropriate strategic positions to enable the company to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage, through the innovation and the accumulation of resources invisible or intangible. The technology as part of the internal system of the organization as well as the organizational structure, are variable to be considered in the formation of corporate strategy, as part of their capital and technological capital organization, and as such sources VCS. The relationships between these variables were analyzed independently in contemporary studies (static approach), our research shows special interest in developing a theoretical model, which aims to link the actions of the relationship between the variables in a unique interaction between them. Focusing our interest in the knowledge of that sync with the strategy (proactive approach) to the conviction of the emergence of a capability that will enable the company to achieve its VCS. The model shows how to create and develop distinctive competences, in our case, the organizational memory, as this is, which allows the company to improve its performance in order to respond quickly in situations such as those of the emerging new economy and thus Achieving strengthen and sustain their competitive advantage. At prove this organizational memory of a cumulative process in time with the historical evolution of the company. The study raises objectives, demonstrating the importance it acquires in the process of generating dynamic capabilities in the formation of VCS, in-depth study of the synchronization of contemporary theoretical relationships between strategy, structure and technology as variables under study. And develop the conceptual model representing the dynamic interaction between the variables analyzed. Besides conducting an empirical investigation to confirm the relationship between the variables that form the theoretical model raised, and that allows us to get the final conclusions. The study is composed of 180 companies operating in the agricultural sector in Venezuela and linked to the National Institute for Agricultural Research INIA, specifically in activities of production, marketing and distribution of products and services related to their sector. With regard to statistical analysis, we used a model of structural equations, in particular the Partial Least Squares (PLS) for its flexibility and utility models in very complex, as in our case. This analysis proved that the greatest predictive power (R2) associated with the strategy that the company is developing at its moment, with a variance explained 72.4% followed by the NFO with a vari 8 anza exp 5c3 licada of 46 , 9%. Likewise our results show that the contribution of predictive variables to the explained variance of the endogenous variables, only two of them are significant, the relationship between past strategy and the strategy that the company that developed in its present time. Like the relationship between the company found this place in your moment. Like the relationship found between the current strategy of the company and the results achieved in the same period. Thus, which of the 14 relationships made, are verified with empirical research six of them and three others failed to be confirmed. Since these results useful for academia, especially in the line of inquiry: strategy and competitiveness.

Author: MIRÓ ARIAS CONRADO.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The purpose of this research is to develop a model of leadership based on the prospect of learning, innovation and knowledge management in organizations. The study was divided into two fundamental parts which are explained below. In the first part, describes the theoretical foundations that underlie the investigation. In this part, explains aspects of the management of the organizations that justify an investigation like this (Chapter I). Subsequently, a review is made of theoretical concepts related to knowledge management and intellectual capital (Chapter II). Both dimensions of the theory, are essential elements of the conceptual framework underlying the present work. During this review theoretical outlines the concepts of data, information, knowledge, learning and intellectual capital, specifying its significance, characteristics and conceptual boundaries. Once identified and the theoretical framework of reference, describes the proposed model (Chapter III), based on the idea of intellectual capital and its various types (human capital and structural capital relational capital), is developed on the basis of identification the constructs and relationships that integrate and produce, respectively, in different types of intellectual capital. The identification of the constructs and their relationship is carried out taking into account the aspects that influence the outcomes and sustainability of the organization's activity. The conceptual line represented by logical process to achieve efficiency, is what makes the structure to the model proposed in this investigation. Finally, in this first part theoretical, it is argued that the 15 scenarios that have been party to the design of the model (Chapter IV). From the theoretical description above, in a second part of the investigation, is put to test the model by conducting a field work on a sample of 153 companies. The second part contains the methodological description and analysis of the results obtendios at this stage empirical (Chapter V). In the space for describing methodological, explains how was carried out planning these fieldwork, the method used parala collection of information (the questionnaire) and the procedures used to measure based on the structural equation models ( MEE) using the approach Partial Least Squares (PLS). Later, describing the results of the evaluation of the model and measure the structural model. Finally, we have an area dedicated to explaining the conclusions (Chapter VI) that had been reached during the work, both theoretical and empirical. Some of these findings, in our view, point to the need for further research in certain fields related to this issue, and others, provide useful recommendations for improving the practice of management, learning, creativity and innovation, as essential to ensure the sustainability of the results of our businesses and organizations. The logic that makes the model, managers will understand the importance of their role in these processes of value creation, as agents for strategic channel attitudes of "his people" to the business processes of creating new knowledge. According to the results, we must highlight the important influence that managers are placing on the level of adequacy of organizational systems and the climate of confidence among people in the organization. Both elements (systems and climate) reve 8 lan as 318 extremely relevant in the process of constant changes in the organization to the environment, through the creative learning and innovation.

Author: FUENTES MEDINA M. LILIBETH.
Year: 2005.
University: LA LAGUNA [www.ull.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The objectives of this work are focused on the one hand on measuring and determining the competitiveness of business enterprises integrating visions ex-ante and ex-post the same, so it is felt that competitiveness is a dynamic process that occurs with During a time span. It also seeks to identify internal factors that determine the competitiveness of business enterprises according to the measure designed for the purpose. In order to accomplish the above objectives is designed empirical research dividing it into four stages. The first is designed and applied to data measuring the competitiveness of the business, the second elected justify the internal factors of competitiveness in the samples considered. The third design a profile characteristic of the companies according to their degree of competitiveness and finally identifies the internal factors that determine the competitiveness of the business. The data and variables come from two fields, first of a questionnaire past the manager of 194 wholesale and retail enterprises located in the Metropolitan Area of the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife and on the other side of the Annual Accounts of these companies placed in the Register of Companies in the province. Design is a model of competitiveness of the business within the Theory of Resources and Capabilities from which seven were contrasting scenarios. The first of these poses that are intangible resources which effectively give a competitive advantage to businesses. The following seven posed by the effect of the influence many other factors ex ante groups defined by the internal resources of the companies, exerted on the competitiveness of firms in the sample .. The contrast of the model is carried out through two techniques similar classification. One type of non - parametric and more traditional, as is the Logit analysis and another from the field of artificial intelligence, called See5, which is an algorithm induction of decision trees. The results for retailers are coincident with the literature to highlight as factors behind the success of competitive businesses in the Metropolitan Area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, ensuring the repayment of debts, Security in product delivery, The magnitude of the range, the characteristics of the establishment, the experience of management, staff productivity and potential demand of the population in which the company is located. The results for the wholesale companies are coincident to highlight as factors behind the success of competitive businesses in the Metropolitan Area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife magnitude of the range. For other significant variables, the presence in the market, the scope for action, the experience of management, the efficiency of labor, Solvency dynamic and static Solvency, no evidence has been found in the empirical literature consulted

Author: ALMODÓVAR MARTÍNEZ PALOMA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CC ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The thesis -Factores Explicativos of the International Joint Venture. An Application to Manufacturing Spanish led by Alvaro Cuervo Garcia, a professor of Organization and Management (UCM) tries to explain and predict the behavior of firms that choose to go abroad through direct investment. Such investments can be of various types, partial (which will result in joint ventures) and total (subsidiaries of ups and acquisitions). Thus, we created a model that we will indicate the type of decision that will make the company among the different alternatives outward direct investment from information concerning the company and the country of destination. The information we need to build the model is organized into 10 explanatory factors: A-Factors specific to the company: Company size, the size of overseas investment, intensity researcher at the company, the type of internationalization strategy that develop (Global / cluster) type of growth strategy (expansion / diversification), the business strategy that uses (leadership in cost / product differentiation), the level of their international experience and their experience home. B-factors inherent in the country of destination: the cultural distance and country risk. These factors are identified through a thorough review of the theories about the internationalization of enterprises. Subsequently, analyzed individually to discuss their behavior and identify how business decisions affect. To check the hypothesis that lead to specific model previously explained, is used Inquiry About Corporate Strategies (ESEE) for the period 2000-2002. At first there is an exploratory analysis of data through the decision tree method, algorithm QUEST. In the second stage, we proceed to the matching of the model through a multiple logistic regression Binomial, multinomial logistic regression and logistic regression ordinal. Thus, we build a special model that will serve as a tool for analysis and guidance for decision-making, as it will be useful both to choose the most appropriate entry strategy, as to anticipate the movements of the competition.

Author: GARCIA-JUEZ JIMENEZ MIGUEL ANGEL.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.

Summary: In this research we are dealing primarily to analyze the creation and construction of the unique structure of the art market in Spain in all Ingredients: artist and work, and public dissemination. Likewise, it goes into the historical evolution of this structure by analyzing the nature of the art market in their dual cultural and economic and financial dimension. This study is complemented by the role that information plays in both processes: in art as a cultural and consumption as economic investment. The role of information in the art market is addressed through the following stages: FIRST Uniqueness of information by defining the scope, coverage of existing assets, and the primary social segment on the acting. SECOND identify users and consumers of information in this area. THIRD analyze the market and the keys to the information sector, as well as the performance and competitiveness of products that offer companies information, the information they offer and carried out according to its public and competition. FOURTH It also conducts a survey of supply in the information market. It includes an analysis of product information (much of the structure of the form and content) from rival firms in the market as well as what the consuming public to whom they are addressed (readers, listeners and viewers) and the users or advertisers who advertise (investors media) who seek to sell their products or advertising messages. The aim in this thesis, in short, is to show the overlapping of two structures: the art market and informative, analyzing the interactions that occur between the two and their consequences. It can advance that we are facing a disorderly market in which secrecy, misinformation and irregular practices are a common practice.

Author: DÍAZ GARCÍA MARÍA CRISTINA.
Year: 2005.
University: CASTILLA-LA MANCHA [www.uclm.es].
Place of defense: F. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES DE ALBACETE.

Summary: This thesis aims to analyze the influence of gender in the acquisition of resources and enterprise performance. To that end, there has been a revision of the major theoretical and empirical contributions appreciating that certain aspects may involve biases in the explanation of the effect of gender on enterprise performance. Therefore, we decided to develop a model in which the foregoing find their way. Thus, the empirical study is carried out to a sample of small businesses and youth in a single sector at the national level, advisory services, and that there is a sufficient number of entrepreneurs to make meaningful comparisons. It has used a quantitative methodology to confirm the hypothesis, it has been in regression analysis in which they have been included multiplicative terms of gender with other variables to observe the moderating effect of the latter. In addition, there have been regressions for subgroups to discuss outstanding differences and structural. Based on the results of this investigation, we note that they appreciate certain gender differences in resource endowments -redes social, financial structure, distribution of time and enterprise performance, but that gender is no longer a determining factor one if other factors -variables structural and resources included in the model. Thus, differences in the results were not directly attributable to gender, but to its moderating effect. This indicates that the relationship between gender and the result is more subtle and complex than has been seen with the naked eye. We believe that the academic level this study contributes to the expansion and consolidation of a relevant field and undeveloped. At the political level, highlights the need to remove cultural and social barriers at the same time seeks to guide the development of interventions designed to meet the needs of women as entrepreneurs, so as to facilitate their access not only to resources but also the compatibility of their professional and family lives. At the social level, the results are a step in the consciousness of female business it is useful to inform entrepreneurs about success factors to be enhanced, in addition to making visible their contribution to the economy and society as contributing to shoot down those barriers that are often faced by women entrepreneurs.

Author: ALVAREZ CORDOBA JOSE MARÍA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.

Summary: This thesis has focused on the analysis revealing the importance THE FINANCIAL has had on the economic development of the press a letter in Spain. That is why the current investigation include the following all of them different and complementary turn the system. First, at the social level, THE FINANCIAL involves editing over a period of nearly half a century of a publication economic reference both inside and outside the borders of Spain. A publication can compete for the first dawn of the twentieth century past with other prestigious publications, as the most economically powerful countries like France, England or Germany. Secondly, at the political level THE FINANCIAL to have major influence in the national governments of the time to lay out the main lines of action in the denostado trade with the former colonies. A trade obviously very necessary for the survival of a good part of the industrial fabric of the time. This is in addition to not only reflect the commercial aspects of the era but to play a significant role in making socio-political decisions by publishing articles systematic and sustained very substantive analysis on the different issues overseas. In its pages and write their thesis presents the different political ministers and secretaries of state of every age, which will give us an idea of what this will prove to be influential media. Thirdly we must outline its importance to the economic and THE FINANCIAL that will be in all its different stages an inexhaustible source of statistical data of all kinds. For the latter, at the newspaper THE FINANCIAL also play a starring role in two areas in particular: the purely journalistic and professional communication from the press, and the related development of the information contained in the company. With regard to journalistic level we noted that it was a means of communication and orderly as exemplary throughout their journey remained an important core of readers both as usual subscribers, which constituted not only an important source of funding, but above all gave in the middle of an important team of writers and collaborators first journalistic nature.

Author: ROSA NAVARRO MARÍA DOLORES DE LA.
Year: 2005.
University: PABLO DE OLAVIDE [www.upo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES (DEPARTAMENTO DE DIRECCIÓN DE EMPRESAS).

Summary: Employment relations are governed by formal contracts that do not always reflect all the promises or commitments made by the parties. Employees are developing their own expectations about what they believe that they will receive the organization, constituting their psychological contract. In our research we have tried to dig into the origin of these expectations and the possible perception of breaking the psychological contract. This can be caused by a breach of the express or organization because employees develop some different perspectives to what the management believes have promised. We studied this situation, the so-called inconsistency. Here we proved that the quest for information, specifically on the questions colleagues with more experience or chief immediate, as a good relationship with the higher encourage more realistic expectations, ie closest to what you think the direction . As for the origin delas expectations, in our case study, are on the increase if individuals are more involved in the work, but they tend to diminish with the passage of time and the presence of features such as the neurosis or external locus of control. The perception of breaking the psychological contract also causes a decline in expectations. In any case, the study reveals they are of great interest not only to know how the psychological contract is formed, but also because it appears that directly affect the conduct and employee satisfaction. So our attitudes and behaviors can be influenced not only by what actually received but also for what we hope to receive.

Author: GARCÍA CRUZ JOAQUÍN.
Year: 2005.
University: PABLO DE OLAVIDE [www.upo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The objective of this research is to try to explain the influence constructs commitment and confidence on comprotamiento organizational, from the perspective of agency. More specifically, in this investigation is to find out to what extent the commitment of teachers (agent) obtained through its trust in the people of which depends (main) her teaching career affects their behavior. In the words of agency, the goal is to find out to what extent the commitment, and trust that it generates, are capable of coalinear the interests of the teachers (agent) and persons of whom depend (main), as it is proposed all this will translate into improved organizational behavior of these people. The issue of research which seeks to answer in this thesis arises from the pooling delas own theories commitment / trust and agency, Do you know to what extent the theory commitment / trust has the capacity to act as the third machinery capable of coalinear the different interests of the principal (s) and agent (teachers)? In other words, it is proposed the theory commitment / confidence like that can complement and complete theory of the agency. To answer this question of research and achieve the proposed objective is developed a theoretical model consisting of a history of trust and consistent commitment on behavior. These variables are generated through the completion of a review dela literature with a goal analytical approach. The assumptions, the result of the relaicón that is established between these variables are contrasted through structural equations models.

Author: BABOT GUTIÉRREZ IGNACIO.
Year: 2005.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE ECONOMÍA IQS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE ECONOMÍA IQS.

Author: BABOT GUTIÉRREZ IGNACIO.
Year: 2005.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE ECONOMIÍA IQS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE ECONOMÍA IQS.

Summary: It explores the campus of virtual training (e-learning) from La Caixa, called Virt @ ula. It identifies the key factors in this training project and concludes that one of them, especially importantly, the team of virtual guardians of the corporate entity (professionals in the network of offices of La Caixa, also serving as trainers virtual part - time outside of working hours). We have studied this team, describes their characteristics and their teaching, as well as a detailed protocol for the selection, training and maintenance of a team of virtual corporate guardians of this kind.

Author: RAMIREZ PERDIGUERO FRANCISCO JAVIER.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN.

Summary: Our research explores a phenomenon, sport, which since its inception has never transcended to an area so globalized political, economic, cultural and social rights, such as the current one. Where sports marketing as a philosophy, with its techniques and tools, deals with this product multifaceted in its essence and in turn specific in their terms of trade between sporting limited companies, clubs, public institutions and private entities, the media, sporting goods manufacturers and consumers of diverse sport. The relationship that may be more effective and satisfactory to the parties involved and to society, in the context of the European Union, with the contribution of new technologies, especially the Internet, in a stage of development with the appropriate relationship model the sports system. The approach adopted in our investigation, as befits the latest trends in marketing, focuses on the consumer, as substantial elements that capitalizes on the whole sports system. Our thesis is "customer". Unless we win consumer confidence, beyond to meet their needs, tastes and preferences, the system will collapse sooner or later, partly or wholly. Done that is not taken into account in the sports environment before us where the client is considered low. For all that, in addition to reviewing the literature recently, we investigated precisely the segment more akin to sport and new technologies, young university through group dynamics. We interviewed elite athletes, practicing sport professionally and vital and is the segment that saw the most passionate sports phenomenon; teachers of physical education, sports coaches and trainers, teachers and marketing as a discipline that deals with this phenomenon; experts and executives and managers, opinion leaders in the field at hand. And finally, although they are not subject themselves, we have analyzed the websites of the institutions more representative of the Spanish sports system. The results show us that sport is characterized by its essence as a three-dimensional product subject to exchange and integrate various related edges, which are consumers who exercise their options relationship with their needs and preferences, which determine the structure of the system sports; are various key factors that determine the exchange of sport as a product, children, family, social environment, the atmosphere of the show, passion, health, leisure, entertainment, uncertainty and the success of the results and the feeling of belonging, that the opportunities afforded by the Internet, in its current state, are only used by the institutions that already have a recognized name, and, finally, that the Web sites of these same institutions that no evidence are consumer-oriented as required by the current philosophy of marketing.

Author: BLANCO LEAL M. MAR.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CC. DE LA INFORMACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CC. INFORMACIÓN.

Summary: In the present work and studying the theoretical aspects of the principles and conceptual configurators, its practical application in enterprises of the press and its impact on content, in the hearings, in advertising and market information. Once brought the relevance of the principles configurators, and the patterns intracorporate and extraempresariales that interfere in its materialization, elaborates the translation of ideology not only in terms of their need, but also in terms of the stages in the process of realization and of the players that interfere with their means of delivery. This facilitates the development of an analysis model that addresses the various elements that make up the printed product information from the perspective qualitatively and quantitatively, while allowing assess the existence of these principles and their impact on the activity, structure and content of press.

Author: PEREIRA TRISTANY FERNANDO MANUEL.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The choice of theme for this thesis research aims to develop a model of systematic and theoretical research to identify prospects for international companies Portuguese studying what case do do Alentejo wine sector. The review of the literature and investigaicón empirical us to target two objectives of the study: 1-Identification of the characteristics that may influence the prospects of exporting companies. 2-Identification of the determinants of successful strategic behavior of the Portuguese companies face export. The literature review has been made to focus on the study of emerging trends in world trade, from the globalization process and the processes of globalization. Theories prevail models focusing on SMEs. We conducted a detailed analysis of environmental factors in the Chinese environment. The study of literature discusses the WHY and HOW companies not acting global marketplace. The empirical analysis was preceded by the conceptualization of a model and formalization of assumptions. The findings were made based on the statistical analysis of the questionnaire responses made to show duo Portuguese companies that are registered with the agency concerned.