ECONOMIC THEORY

Author: MAROTO FERNANDEZ JOSE MARIA.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE ECONÓMICAS DE LA COMPLUTENSE.

Summary: This thesis analyzes problems of optimal growth and optimum utilization of renewable resources in the presence of increasing yields, problems that are intractable by the classic dynamic programming objectives are. 1. Establishing a framework alternative theory to optimize dynamic clasica.Demostraremos that under assumption Lipschitz continuedad function value of a dynamic optimization problem standard Lipschitz is continuing. 2. Computar function value and correspondence optimal policy by expanding the scope of the optimality of bellman started. 3. Apply results Lipschitz continuity to the optimal exploitation of renewable resources in the presence of increasing yields suggest a new model bioeconomico for the optimal exploitation of North Sea herring, a species in danger of extinction throughout history.

Author: FERNANDEZ VIDAURRETA CRISTINA.
Year: 2003.
University: POMPEU FABRA.
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMIA Y EMPRESA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMIA Y EMPRESA.

Summary: The dissertation which takes the form of three articles examining three different peculiarities of the Spanish labor market. The first of the articles is theoretical, while the last two are empirical studies. The first article "Effects of Wage Entering Temporary Contracts: A Focus Hierarchies" addresses which perhaps has been one of the most distinctive characteristics of the Spanish labor market: the rapid and widespread use of temporary contracts for non-seasonal activities during the last period of the eighties. More specifically, we focus on analyzing the effect that the hiring of workers under temporary contracts for undefined character could have on the evolution of wages in Spain. In the second article, "The Role of Education vis-a-vis the Work Experience in the Transitions to Employment of young Spaniards" elaborates extensively documented the difficulties encountered by young Spaniards to find a job in the early years of their working lives. The article seeks to provide an explanation for a characteristic and a priori paradoxical Spanish labor market: young Spaniards with higher educational levels bear higher unemployment rates than those with lower educational levels. Finally, the last article that show, "The Quality of Jobs with Economic Cycle Length in the Spanish labor market," seeks to quantify the role that the state of the economic cycle, at the time of formation of pairing labor between worker and company play in determining the quality of jobs in the Spanish labor market.

Author: LUGON CERUTI ALEJANDRO FELIPE.
Year: 2003.
University: POMPEU FABRA.
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMIA Y EMPRESA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE ECONOMIA Y EMPRESA.

Summary: The thesis has two parts. The first part makes up the Chapter 1 with a contribution to the theory of social choice. Chapters 2 and 3 are the second part. These chapters are a contribution to the field of economics pública.El Chapter 1 provides a model of electoral competition in which the parties are characterized by a position in the overall policy. This position is pre-electoral competition. The relevance of the position of a political party is that, for voters, the policy implemented by the winner will be affected by it: the parties implement better policies that are closer to their position. This course is clear that the party's position closest to the voter medium is the "winner" of the election. This means you have strategies that guarantee victory. Looking at parties seeking the most votes, the Nash Equilibrium of the platforms are different among themselves, who are converging and symmetrical movements of the parties. The Chapter 2 uses a dynamic model to study the altruistic behavior in the long term. We believe two individuals whose income is random. These individuals have the possibility of becoming private transfers. These transfers, or lack of them, reveals information on the level of altruism of the donor. This information is used by the recipient of the transfer to adjust its own level of altruism. This adjustment is motivation "to be as altruistic as the other." This behavior of agents creates a stochastic process for the levels of altruism. It shows that in the long term the levels of altruism are stabilized in securities that present an inverse relationship with the average level of income and a direct relationship with the variation of this. The Chapter 3 develops a model similar to the previous one for more than two agents. In this model is considered to altruism generates a binary: do or not a transfer of money to a specific another agent. This assumption defines a network as nodes with the players and transfers and linkages. The chapter is dedicated to investigate structure of networks that originate in the long term. Considering a rule adjustment specified, and also altruistic in a sense, is obtained that the key concept is totally related to network components. In these networks agents are totally related groups in the interior but disconexos one another.

Author: PEREZ OROZCO AMAIA.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FAC. CC ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FAC. CC ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES..

Summary: The present investigation provides a classification of the economic literature that explores gender relations from a critical perspective with the proposed classification mismas.La difference that the economy called gender of the economy feminista.Esta latter is in turn subdivided in two approaches: the economy feminist conciliation and feminist economics of the ruptura.El classification criterion proposed is the degree of questioning paradigms of androcéntricos partida.Se believes they are based on two founding dichotomies: Economy / No - economics and work / no work, which has played a crucial role in the construction of an economic discourse from which women have been absent cognoscente as the subject and object cognoscible.Las distances flows analyzed proposed several strategies deconstruction of such dicotomías.Finalmente , elaborates on the vision that the conceptual tools provided by the feminist economics of the rupture of the current offers reorganization of the economic system and the redistribution of labor care, a process that is known as crisis care.

Author: METELLUS FENOL.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE ECONÓMIA Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE ECONÓMIAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: Beyond the relationship of librecambio-desarrollo, research seeks to demonstrate that this relationship is not only not usually positive for certain savings (less developed), but free trade can deepen the state of underdevelopment of these economies. In the case of Haiti (extremely underdeveloped economy), subject to matching the empirical relationship above, it has been shown that trade liberalization policies enmarcadaas in so-called structural adjustment programs (SAPs) conducted in the country since the beginning in the eighties not only have severe inpactos on the productive sectors (agriculture and industry) but have agudizdo the serious social problems (employment, inequality socialy poverty), which came in giving the economy haitiana.Además, these policies of trade liberalization have atomized insertion country's foreign and deepened their economic dependency.

Author: FERRANDIZ CAMARA JOSÉ LUIS.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CC . ECONOMICAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CC. ECONÓMIAS.

Summary: The object of study of this thesis focuses on the relationship between the policy of privatization of pinochetista economic model applied in Chile since 1973 and the structural heterogeneity of the Chilean economy in the study period 1973-2000, showing how in the making practice this policy has contributed to strengthening the structural heterogeneity of the Chilean economy in its economic dynamics. The thesis focuses on the study on the privatization of state enterprises, leaving aside the services of the State of educational, health and pensions, as well as the reversal of the reform process agraria.Y deals with a policy economic studied in the past decades and is intended to make the analysis of the same in the case of Chile and also for considering the period from the perspective cepalina.Dicha claim, both conceptually and in operational, can be described as unusual and constitutes at the same time a challenge but also a source of concern to the research conducted.

Author: DIEGO ALVAREZ DOROTEA DE.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTADE DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: The aim of the thesis is the contrastacción the assumptions of Adjustment Suave in the Spanish economy in the period 1988-1999, this HipótéSissupone.que increased trade intra-industrial in a country produce lower cost adjustment (in terms of employment and production) that an increase of comerciointer-industriat To study the IMC in Spain and the power contrasts HAS, it is necessary to conduct preliminary analysis on the IIC in our country, thus, in the first chapter, is offered as introduccióri a descripcióri of how it has evolved the Spanish foreign ector in the period 1988-1999. In the second chapter, the aim is to measure the trade intra-industrial, seeking his first full value, and osteriarmente measuring distintostlpos where according to Greenaway, Hine and Milner (1994) may be subdivided: horizontal, vertical and high quality vertical low quality, were also conducted a statistical analysis of type shifthare for determinár cualés have sidó causes of this change: if debé á growth level Cll in all sectors, the increased participation of the sectors with the greatest IIC in total trade, or whether it is the interaction between the two. In capítúlo third performed a study to determine which variants dummies have more important factors to explain variability of data when IIC provides data dasagragados countries, sectors and years. The question that is addressed in chapter four is whether the trade that has been created in the Spanish economy within or intercindustrial, important question for his relationship with adjustment costs and the assumptions of Adjustment Suave (HAS), which is discussed in the following chap. In chapter five, will be discussed, along aBrà ¼ lhart (1999) the HAS, ie, it will consider whether the trade intra-industrialmarginal generates lower costs in the economy adjustment that trade inter-industriaL A revision of the methodology used in literature will analyze this hypothesis and its relationship with the CIIM, in order to determine a model that allows such contrasting scenarios in Spain. In chapter six contains the main results and conclusions of this thesis, and finally in pítulo seven presents the literature used,

Author: VORSATZ MARC.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Summary: If a group of individuals to decide on the choice of a feasible alternative and preferences of individuals on all alternatives are troubled, then the institutional problem of how to add the different views. The main objective of the Theory of Social Choice is to analyze these kinds of problems through the study of properties of different regulatory functions of social choice. In Chapters 2 and 3 are studying functions of social choice when individuals alternatives divided into two kinds of indifference. In chapter 4 discusses with the help of experiment if anyone had preferences for telling the truth about their private information. Finally, in chapter 5 investigates the incentive to form coalitions in situations of rent-seeking.

Author: CRUZ SÁNCHEZ ELIAS ENRIQUE.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC POLÍTICAS Y SOCIOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CC. POLÍTICAS Y SOCIOLOGÍA.

Summary: This research analyzes from a comprehensive methodology divided into five dimensions, the emergence and development of the European Union in its social perspective. These dimensions are: 1 - Historic 2-Institutional, 3-Economy 4-Technology 5, - Social Security. Focused to try to understand their impact on the construction and development of a Euro "State" welfare. In the historical dimension, is part of the creation and environment of the Community of Coal and Steel Community (ECSC 1952), the European Economic Community (EEC, 1957), the Single European Act (1986) and the European Union as the Treaty of Maastricht (TEU, 1992), and analysis of the amendments to the treaties of Amsterdam and Nioza, which gave rise to the European Constitution. Thus, the content of the treaties were a key part in the development and consolidation of institutions, which essentially reflects the fundamental rights of EU citizens, their obligations and the regulation of the forces, political, economic and social . This suggests that we are facing a new form of "state" and "government", a new supranational entity, which has issued a currency, a passport and has already an anthem, without forgetting the common interests of countries. The governments know that the era of absolute sovereignty is over and only the vision of a "shared destiny", will enable them to continue with their economic and social progress. The European Union is characterized by having created an original institutional system, which distinguishes it from traditional international organizations. Institutions are regulatory proteins of you Universal Rights of Citizens Association; In short, control of legality, interpretation and application of law Supranacional and control of community management. The legislative function derives the rule enshrines the separation of powers, democracy is consolidated, reinforcing social relations, safeguarding the treaties and budgetary control is performed for the benefit of the taxpayer. In short, ensuring a decent life, based on the rule of Welfare, well established in the Constitution Europe (institutional dimension). The Political Union (economic dimension), guarantees freedom of movement of goods, securities, communications, people and the law. The supranancionalidad, promotes supraservicios and free movement across borders. The design of a new division of labor and education, which meets contingent supraempresariales already Europarties twenty-five different nations in culture, language, political system and economic organization. The handling of monetary union has consolidated the financial viability, a strong and stable currency, able to shocks and economic imbalances. The technological dimension or politics scientific and technological edge, within the frontiers of knowledge, pose new paradigms and niche knowledge with an emphasis on alternative energy, energy saving, biotechnology and supermateriales. East to promote an innovative economy, in order to meet its main competitors in China, Japan and the United States. In the social dimension, it analyzes the policies that allow the fabric of European society, describes the role of the European Social Fund and the Structural Funds in fostering economic growth, fortifications countries and regions lagging behind, spine for integration and conformation of the State Social Community. As long overdue, is the coordination of health institutions and the strengthening of the system of pensions, which would approximate cost of high and complicated, due to the wide differences between countries recently incorporated; performed lead in citizens Community wide acceptance and give greater legitimacy. Another challenge is to reduce the gap 8 substanc 68d ialmente economic and social differences among countries and regions. Asymmetries that were higher from the addition of ten new countries: nothing easy assimilation by the system and come from different economic models. Some experts agree the democratic deficit in the actions and decisions employed in key aspects. The Europe of a single voice, even it is not possible, although the European Constitution, is already a reality. Finally, the EU before realized as a political project and become a permanent objective of the policy of national states, the question remains as an ideal and paradigm, written only in the circle of philosophers and visionaries. In this regard, the creation of blocks in a world that by its historical circumstances, so requires, be aware that the partnership of nations, you need welfare, the protection of genetic fundamental rights and economic growth.

Author: BALLESTER PLA PABLO CORALIO.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of defense: FACULTAT CIÈNCIES ECONÒMIQUES I EMPRESARIALS.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENT D'ECONOMIA I D'HISTÒRIA ECONÒMICA.

Summary: In the article "NP-completeness in Hedonic Games, we identified some significant limitations of the standard models of cooperative games: Often, it is impossible to achieve a stable organization of a society in a reasonable amount of time. The basic implications of these results are as follows, first, from a positive point of view, the companies are "doomed" to constantly evolve, rather than reach a stage of equilibrium in the short term. Second, from a policy perspective, a hypothetical organizer of the society should take into account the practical constraints of time when implementing a stable social order. To get our results, we use the concept of NP-completitud, which is a well-established model of complexity temporary Computer Science. Specifically, we focus on stability and stability individual group games hedonic. The hedonic games are a simple class of cooperative games in which the value of each individual is totally determined by the working group to which it belongs. Our results relating to the complexity, in terms of NP-completitud, cover a wide range of domains of individual preferences, including preferences strict indifference in the preferences or free preferences on the size of the groups. These results also are fulfilled if we restrict to the case where the maximum size of the groups was small (two or three players) In the article "Who is Who in Networks. Wanted: The Key Player" (along with Antoni Calvó Armengol and Yves Zenou), we analyze effects model group in which the agents interact in a game of bilateral influences. The non-cooperative games with finite population and utilities linales-cuadráticas, in which each player decides how much exercise can be interpreted as networked games with complementarities in payments, together with a component susitucion comprehensive and uniform, and one effect concavity own. For these games, the action of each player in a Nash equilibrium is proportional to its centrality of Bonacich in the network of complementarities, thus establishing a bridge in the literature of social networks. This link between Bonacich and Nash equilibrium implies that the aggregate increases with the size and density of the network. We also analyzed a policy that is to select the player, this is the player who, once removed from the game, induces a change in the optimum activity added. We provide a characterization Geometric player, identified with a measure of inter-centralidad, which takes into account both the centrality of each player as its contribution to the centrality of otros.En article "Optimal Targets in Peer Networks" (along Antoni Calvó Armengol and Yves Zenou), we focus on the practical implications and limitations that derive from the model decisions on crime. The main goals addressed in the work are as follows. First, the choice extends the concept of offender key to a network of key group. In such a situation it is the best way to select set of criminals to eliminate / neutralize, because of budgetary constraints in implementing measures. This presents a problem inherent computational complexity that can only be saved by using approximate procedures, "greedy" or probability. On the other hand, the problem of trying key offender in the context of dynamic networks, which, initially, individuals decide about their future as criminals or as people who earn a steady wage in the market. In such a situation, the choice of key offender is more complex, since the objective of reducing crime must take into account the knock-on effects that could lead to the demise of one or more deli 8 ncuentes 3b2. Finally, we studied the computational complexity of the problem of optimal choice and exploit ownership submodularidad of intercentralidad group, which allows us to identify the relative error of approximation based on an algorithm voracious.

Author: SAINZ GONZALEZ RUBEN.
Year: 2004.
University: CANTABRIA.
Place of defense: FACULTAD CC. ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD CC. ECONOMICAS Y EMPRESARIALES.

Summary: By conducting a survey in Santander and applying models of discrete choice of transport demand determines the economic value of travel time in Santander in accordance with the purpose of travel and the time of day when we will travel.

Author: López-Gallo Dey Fabrizio.
Year: 2004.
University: POMPEU FABRA.
Place of defense: Departamento de Economía y Empresa.
Place of preparation: Departamento de Economía y Empresa.

Author: RAMÍREZ MORENO JAIME.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA.

Summary: The health sector reform in Colombia, was the product of a long process of consensus-building and conflict begins with the definition of social security as a public service under the coordination and direction of the State, embodied in the Constitution of 1991 and legally structure, the configuration of General System of Social Security in Health through the passage of the Act 100 of 1993, This thesis presents various levels of analysis economy neoinstitucional. In a first level is internalized property rights public, private and communal rules as economic, social and political in the internal structure of the social security institutions Colombian. At a second level are described and analyzed the exchange of property rights and its main impact in transforming relations between principales-agentes in the context of the institutions and markets health services. At the third level of esteem, through logistic models, forms of ownership and allocation of the joint property rights of compulsory insurance and the benefits of using services of health care in the system and an analysis comparative inequalities rights for the people, according to different categories of economic, social, demographic and labor; proving that the rules of property rights do not apply the principle of equality and on the other hand tend to reproduce, and in some cases diminish, economic and social inequalities that exist, setting up a system of pluralism Segmented not converging.

Author: QUIROGA GÓMEZ SONIA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CC.EE. EMPRESARIALES.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.

Summary: This study assesses the climate impact on crop productivity in Spain and proposes best policies for cases in which it is possible to secure or protected against the adverse effects of climate, demonstrating the value dela weather information in these cases. On the one hand, has been estimated production functions in five major agro-climatic regions of Spain, representing crops throughout the Mediterranean: wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards and orange. This performance has been variable depending on technological or management and climate variables such as temperature, precipitation, frost or years followed. The functions estimated aid understanding of the role of climate components, which are as relevant variables in all areas and crops studied, showing its influence on rain-fed crops. In addition, the functions have been used to evaluate the estimated effect of climate change in the long term, using it to the predictions of global climate models more important to different climate scenarios. As the effect reveals much more important in rain-fed crops, management of water resources as a fundamental variable appears for a future and necessary adaptation. Moreover, it has been analyzed adaptation to climate from a policy perspective, to characterize the optimal policy for the protection of crops frentwea impacts weather in different contexts, both in decisions taken in a context such as those with static dynamic nature. It has taken into account the role of risk aversion when it comes to analyzing the value of information, seeing as it is generally enhanced if the individual who makes the decision is adverse to risk. Although in this case, that information begins to have value from a quality threshold higher. It has also analyzed the case in which the individual can choose how much of the harvest to protect, seeing as sometimes an individual adverse risk prefer to protect or insure only a portion of the harvest.