OPHTHALMOLOGY

Author: GARCÍA HERMOSA PEDRO LUIS.
Year: 2003.
University: MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ DE ELCHE [www.umh.es].
Place of defense: MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD.

Summary: There has been a multicenter study to study evolution after cataract surgery in patients -- those who have been implanted mate types of lenses introoculares: Acruypol ®, silicone, PMMA and PMMA with a surface modified --. A request was made to 140 patients. The main conclusions from the study are the following: * The L10 of PMMA have fewer implications that the silicone. * The design of 40 is important to reduce complications. * The size of the incision is critical. * The technical focus -- is the most --. * The best long-term results and visually is detinen with PMMA and --.

Author: COLOME CAMPOS JORDI.
Year: 2003.
University: MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ DE ELCHE [www.umh.es].
Place of defense: MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Author: GALAL AHMED AHMED.
Year: 2003.
University: MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ DE ELCHE [www.umh.es].
Place of defense: MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: The introduction of multifocal lenses psudoacomodativas and ATAS has improved near vision without correction patients emplantados with this lens and vision closely with the correction significantly laws eliminating the use of glasses nearby. The lenses multifocal AMOARRAY has had the greatest success in the nearby causing vision to patients vision expontanea from far and near. The lenses bifocales Acri-tec Twinset while allowing a new vision problems involve close as halos and reflexes that can be problematic for patients.

Author: SANCHEZ TOMERO CARMEN.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].

Summary: In this paper we studied: 1.La action of the mucin in the proliferation of gram-positive cocci, S.aureus ATCC 25923, S and S. aureus meticilin resistant Pneumoniae. 2. Microbial activity of amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacino against these strains. 3.'s Action lisocima in its multiplication. 4. Growth and adhesion to fibronectin these coconuts yla gram positive influence of different parámetor on the interactions of fibronectin and S. Aureus ATCC 25923.

Author: AVILA ÁLVAREZ BEATRIZ.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of preparation: INSTITUTO CASTROVIEJO UCM.

Summary: This work is a retrospective review of 375 medical records of patients diagnosed with uveitis, in consultation specialized and multidisciplinary hospital clinical unviersitario San Carlos. As shown in the introduction and literature review, now we have the most modern and sophisticated meedios diagnostics applied to determine the cause of uveitis; serological studies, determination of immunoglobulins, aplicción of reaction polymerase chain in analysis of intraocular fluid, the presence of histocompatibility antigens associated with some cases of uveitis, all with high sensitivity dignóstica. The results showed that it was possible to make a diagnosis ceretero of the etiology of uveitis in a 68.5%, uveitis more frequent in our midst is the acute anterior uveitis idiopathic. Systemic disease most often associated with uveitis was spondylitis anquilopoyética, followed by Behçet's disease. In terms of uveitis associated with infections, toxoplasmosis was the most frequent and presented in the younger age, in contrast, uveitis asocaida a herpes virus affected more often the older group. The most frequent specific uveitis eye was the pars planitis, followed by iridociclitis heterocrómica of Fuchs. This study demonstrates that the diagnosis of the most frequent causes of uveitis in our midst, it is possible through careful questioning and ophthalmological examination complete however. The uveitis asocaidas to HLA-B27 (+) and sarcoidosis require for confirmaicón a laboratory study. The method of diagnostic approach guides us in the proper test to indicate to each patient.

Author: NAVARRO ESTEBAN JUAN JOSÉ.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].

Summary: A study observational cross of the largest in 64 years of rural and urban areas in the province of Cuenca. A structured questionnaire was administered with the variables socio-demograficas and also the English version of the VF-14 and was conducted study oftanmológico with special emphasis on visual acuity, refraction and studying diseases oftamologícas associated with age mainly cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy diabetíca and macular degeneration linked to age. We studied 1155 subjects found a prevalence of impaired visual acuity of 8.5% in men 65 to 74 years and 38.1% of women older than 74 years noting that the frequency of disease increases with age . The prevalence of cataract in the stadium or clinically significant quirurgico was 34.8%. Prevalence etonopatía diabetic was 2.2% and the prevalence of macular degeneration late was 1%, all of them presented statistical significance for age but not for the sexo.La of glaucoma prevalence was 3.6% and no significant differences were observed for age or sex. The average score on the scale of visual function VF-14 was higher in men than in women (p 0001). Diabetic retinopathy was pathology that most affected the role sivual (introduced lower values in the VF-14), followed by the segenarición macular tadría and cataract. The instrument used (VF-14) showed a high internal consistency.

Author: CARDONA AUSINA CARMEN.
Year: 2003.
University: MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ DE ELCHE [www.umh.es].
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA , UNIVERSIDAD MIGUEL HERNANDEZ.

Summary: In order to evaluate the impact morfolígicaas and functional LASIK technique for correcting myopia or astigmatismo miópico compound, were performed 4 prospective studies clinical pilot. The parameters evaluated in these studies were: corneal sensitivity aspect of the interface observed with minoscopia confocal, innervation patterns and nerve regeneration and changes in the endothelial cell population. The values of thresholds estesiometricos recorded were significantly higher among the 1Â th and 4Â week after surgery, resuming normal values within 6 months. The thickness of the flap measured approach complete analysis of the cornea with confocal microscope significantly inferiro in the first days after the cirugía.El degree of corneal opacity related to the healing was also higher in the first postoperative week. It was a new emerging correlation anatómica-funcional between nerve regeneration and recovery of the sensitivity corneal.Los density values cellular pleomorphism and polimegatismo endothelial not vary so significantly after surgery LASIK.De studies included in the report can be LASIK conclude that the technique does not generate functional and morphological variation experiencing slight negative impact on the cornea in patients operated.

Author: SAENZ GALEANO ANTONIO.
Year: 2003.
University: EXTREMADURA [www.unex.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: TYPE OF STUDY This is a descriptive epidemiological study of cross section. Objectives To establish the prevalence of ocular hypertension and glaucoma diagnosed in the population of the Third Age studied and relate them to demographic factors, ophthalmologic, and partner endocrine health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Population studied sample of 1091 people of Badajoz. RESULTS prevalence of glaucoma diagnosed observed is 2.75%. Prevalence of ocular hypertension 5.50%. Intraocular Pressure half obtained is 16.09 +-2.46 mm Hg. Conclusions The prevalence of glaucoma diagnosed influence of statistically significant variable age. The prevalence of ocular hypertension affects so statistically significant sex and glaucoma diagnosed. The IOP half statistically significantly influences of age and diagnosed glaucoma.

Author: HERAS MARTÍN ANGEL DE LAS.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: Until the heavy decade enucleation and external beam radiation treatments were most commonly used in the intraocular retinoblastoma. Chemotherapy is reserved for cases with invasion of optic nerve coroides or orbit or metastases. In recent years it has developed a new therapeutic approach that uses chemotherapy as primary treatment of retinoblastoma to downsize and get their final inspection methods with local conservatives. Its aim is to conserve the eyeball and a useful vision, avoiding the side effects of radiotherapy. The published papers show that chemotherapy alone is often insufficient to gain control tumor, in which case we should associate focal different therapies, but there is not yet consensus on drugs, dosage and number of cycles to uitlizar or stratification patterns and different parameters are evaluated difficult to compare results between different groups. This paper assumes that the quimiorreducción coupled with consolidation therapy in the treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma allows the patient's survival and the preservation of the eyeball to maintain a useful vision, avoiding the adverse effects associated with external beam radiation. On the other hand, clasificaicón of Reese-Ellsworth, designed to predict the survival eye and visual prognosis after applying external beam radiation, has been the most widely used prognostic indicator in the planficación of conservative treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma. One hypothesis secondary considers that the development of quimiorreducción can make forecasts that the indicators are different, forcing them to seek what can be used to improve our treatment regimens. The ability to provide service in the Ophthalmology Hospital Infantil La Paz, a group of patients and uniformly assessed and treated with a comprehensive follow-up period, leads us to consider the following objectives: 1-To assess a group of patients with intraocular retinoblastoma and studying its epidemiological characteristics and evolution in our midst. 2-Evaluate the determinants of tumor response to chemotherapy and survival probability of the eyeball and conservation vision. 3-examine the efficacy of the therapies used in building the probability of tumor control primitive conservation eye yy maintenance of vision. 4-Consider the complications occurred after chemotherapy or therapies consolidation and analyze its relationship with tumor response, survival and preservation of eye vision. 5-analyze the incidence of metastases, pinealoblastoma and second malignancies extraocular and its relationship with the characteristics of patients and therapies utilizadas-

Author: GILI MANZANARO PABLO.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA, INSTITUTO CASTROVIEJO.
Place of preparation: F. CIENCIAS SALUD.FUNDACIÓN HOSPITAL ALCORCÓN . U. REY JUAN CARLOS.

Summary: INTRODUCTION: The Druze of optic nerve is one of the most frequent causes of high papilla or edges borrosos.Las Druze surface habitalmente are easily identifiable, but the Druze can pose serious problems hidden diagnostics, and may be confused with a real papilloedema. OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity and consistency of imaging in the Druze of papilla, as well as the clinical characteristics, oftalmoscópias and its impact functional. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed a cross-sectional descriptive study to assess the validity and consistency of diagnostic imaging fund digital eye: color photograph (retinografía) and autofluorescencia (fluorescence preinyección), whereas ultrasound eye as a criterion B reference. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The study included 106 patients and a total of 200 eyes (cases): 100 eyes with Druze papilla of the group and 100 eyes diagnosis diferencial.La validaez diagnostic background study eye has been moderate (ensibilidad 52% specificity 99% overall value 75.5%), with a good match between observadores.La diagnostic validity of the survey of autofluorescencia has been very good (sensitivity 80%, specificity 97% overall value 88.5%), with a match between observers very high. The Druze are usually bilateral, surface in half the cases, most common nasal or higher, and are associated papillary small size (diameter area and horizontal), papillary fuzzy edges, papilla sobreelevada, change in color, the absence of excavation papilla, venous pulse absent, remificación vascular anomaly, cups cilioretinianos and atrophy peripapilar, in a meaningful way. The Druze of papilla often presented alterations campimétricas (73.2%) and the layer of nerve fibers; visual acuity is usually normal.La Druze oftalmoscópicamente visible presence has been statistically associated with increased age, visual impairment and campimétrica.

Author: ALBERTE GONZALEZ ANTONIO.
Year: 2004.
University: MÁLAGA [www.uma.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: We have studied a group of 63 patients I treated with LES Malaria for a period of 10 years, we made revisions every 6 months, which included a visual field macular red. It was proved that there was involvement of the visual field in a very significant with respect to the other two study groups (Group II LES without malaria treatment and Group III sujeatos volunteers). Relacionamos daily dose, cumulative dose and duration of treatment with Chloroquine or Hidroxicloroquina with the effect on visual field macular rojo-

Author: MARTÍNEZ MORALES JOSÉ ANTONIO.
Year: 2004.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA.

Summary: The macular degeneration associated with age (AMD) is a degenerative process that affects the coriocapilar, Bruch membrane (MB), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors (FR) located at the macular area (Monleón, 1993 ). It is now the leading cause of legal blindness in people older than 50 years in developed countries (Bressler, 1988a), and its prevalence is expected to be reached triple in the next 25 years (Thylefors, 1995). It is a disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown, which have involved a variety of factors, both constitutional and acquired, which will adversely affect the ability to conduct therapeutic procedures to prevent it. On the other hand, their frequency increases with age, with the result that its prevalence is increasing in industrialized countries, where the aging population is growing continuously. Moreover, as affects the macular region, which is responsible for central vision, the functional impact will be very important for individuals who suffer. Due to these factors and therapeutic scarce resources at our disposal, AMD has become a major socio-sanitario problem in industrialized countries. The AMD as late can be therapeutic say we have, AMD has become a major socio-sanitario problem in industrialized countries. The AMD as late may be expressed in two ways, how dry or atrophic, which is the most frequent and less debilitating for the patient, and how wet or exudative represents less than 20% of cases and is responsible more than 85% of the cases of legal blindness from the disease (Ferris III, 1984). The wet form is characterized by the growth of neovascular membrane formed by choroid abnormal vessels, which arise from the coroides, from the capillaries underlying choroid, break the MB and fall below the RPA. Sometimes can break the EPR and stay below the neurosensory retina (Gray, 1991). According to the characteristics in angiofluoresceingrafía (AFG), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), it can sort of 3 forms: classic CNV, occult CNV and ill-defined boundaries of CNV (MPSG, 1991a). Depending on the location of the CNV regard to the area vascular foveal (ZAF), we can classify as follows (MPSG 1991a): NVC extrafoveal (between 200 and 250 or the center of the ZAF), CNV yuxtafoveal (between 1 and 200 or from the center of the ZAF) and subfoveal CNV (located in the center of the ZAF). The pathologic myopia (MP), is a disease that is characterized by an excessive increase in the axial length of the eyeball, which is accompanied by a decrease in the visual function of the same alteration of the various strains that make it up. We talked about MP when it comes to eyes that have a spherical equivalent exceeding -6 dioptrías and / or axial length greater than 26 mm (Curtin, 1971). The MP is one of the most important causes of legal blindness in the world. It is the seventh leading cause of blindness in adults in Europe and the United States (National Society for Prevention of Blindness, 1966; Doesschate, 1982; Ghafour, 1983; Sperduto, 1983). The prevalence of myopia among the general population, ranged between 11% and 36% according to data from different epidemiological studies (Leibowitz, 1980; Sperduto, 1983). The frequency of MP in the total population myopic, varies between 25% and 33%, which amounts to between 1.7% and 2.1% of the general population (Blegvad, 1987). The incidence of CNV in the population MP varies between 5% and 10% (Soubrane, 1994a). The CNV typical myopia can be characterized as generally small, rounded or elliptical and gray coloring. The fóvea is affected in the 58% -74% 8 the cas 1ff8 os (Hampton, 1983; Soubrane, 1986), ie it is subfoveal injuries or yuxtafoveales in most cases, what is going to limit the number of cases likely to be treated with laser thermal (Soubrane, 1986). The therapies that are available at present for the treatment of CNV, and can be divided into three groups: 1-First, we need those treatments that attempt to prevent the formation of the CNV (Contribution of supplementary vitamins and oligoelemetnos in diet soft photocoagulation of the Druze and therapy reológica). 2-Secondly, those whose aim is to eliminate NVC space subretiniano (photocoagulation's own NVC; photocoagulation vessel nourishing and surgical treatment of CNV). 3-Finally, those who seek to amend the process of formation and development of CNV (radiation therapy, thermotherapy transpupilar (TTT), inhibitors of angiogenesis agents and photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is a therapeutic procedure that uses an agent fotosensibilziante , verteporfin, which interact with the light from a laser diode, it is going to cause occlusion of the vessel neoformados. occlusion This is due to the destruction photochemistry of endothelial cells caused by the formation of free radicals and active oxygen at that level after the application of the laser. objectives of this thesis were: 1-Valuing resutlados of verteporfin PDT in patients with CNV secondary to AMD and visual acuity greater than 0.1. 2-Rate the results of verteporfin PDT in patients with CNV secondary to AMD and visual acuity of less than 0.1. 3-Evaluate the results of verteporfin PDT in patients with CNV secondary to MP. To conduct this survey studied 167 eyes 147 patients who presented NVC and treated with PDT. Patients were recruited between June 2000 and December 2001. follow-up period ended in September 2002, so that the tracking minimum was 9 months and the maximum of 27 months. In group I, consisting of patients with CNV secondary to AMD and visual acuity greater than 0.1; included 64 eyes of 58 patients. group II, consisting of patients with CNV secondary to AMD and agudez visual below 0.1; included 56 eyes of 50 patients, and in Group III, consisting of patients with CNV secondary to MP were included 47 eyes of 39 patients. latter group divided the patients into two subgroups, depending on their age, in order to evaluate the possible influence of AMD in the development of CNV secondary to MP: a first group consisting of 25 eyes of 21 patients, to include patients with less than 50 years since they presumably CNV was secondary only to the MP. In the second subgroup consists of 22 eyes of 18 patients, to include patients older than 50 years, in which the etiology of NVC could be due to other than the MP, AMD. treatment verteprofina and follow-up visits were conducted in a manner similar to that described in the international multicenter trials TAP and VIP (TAP report 1, 1999; VIP reprot 1, 2001; VIP reprot 2, 2001). in Group I consists of patients with CNV secondary to AMD and agudez visual greater than 0.1, nine months after the first treatment the MAVC had improved in the 216.6% of the eyes, we see no change in the same at 25% the eyes, and look decline in 48.4% of the eyes, For the 21-month follow-up, we see improvement in MAVC in 21.4% of the eyes, we see no change in the same at 7.1 delos eyes and look% decrease in the 71.5% of the eyes. In this group, after 12 months of follow-up, we see that in the eyes with predominantly classic CNV was getting stabilize or even improve slightly MAVC initial, although no difference was statistically significant (p = 0.94), in contrast to the eyes that had hidden NVC, where the MAVC fell, with the difference from the MAVC initial statistically significant (p = 0.02). For the 21-month follow-up, the MAVC declined in the two types of CNV regarding the MAVC original, but in the eyes with the occult CNV decrease was more significant, although the difference was not statistically significant both for the predominantly classic lesions (p = 0.95) and for lesions (p = 0.13). The average size of the CNV in this group was 3157.8 + -1226.5 u. The average number of treatments all eyes included in the study at the time of its closure was 2.7 + -0.8 with a range of between 1 and 4. Referring to the affections and undesirable alterations visuale s unspecific visual field, which were transient and resolved without treatment, introduced 15.52% of the patients. lumbar pain associated with the infusion also transient, was presented in 3.4% of patients in this group. Decrease severe and acute vision, photosensitivity reactions and allergic reactions not seen in this group I. In Group II, consisting of patients with CNV secondary to AMD and visual acuity of less than 0.1, nine months after the first treatment the MAVC had improved in 26.8% of the eyes, not Modified in 60.7% of the eyes and dropped in 12.5% of the eyes. For the 21 months from the first treatment, in 34.8% of the eyes had improved in 52.2 % and remained unchanged in 13% of eyes fell. in this group II after 12 months follow-up in the eyes with predominantly classic CNV was achieved stabilize and improve the MAVC, although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.18), in the eyes presenting NVC hides the MAVC improved slightly and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.14). For the 21 months follow-up, we note that both eyes with predominantly classic CNV as eyes with occult CNV presented stabilizing the MAVC, with no statistically significant difference both for the predominantly classic lesions (p = 0.48), and for hidden injuries (p = 0.18). The average size of the CNV in this group was 4271.4 + -1091.6 u. The average number of treatments all eyes included in the study at the time of its closure was 1.7 + -0.9 with a range between 1 and 4. Referring to the undesirable effects, visual disturbances and visual field unspecified, presented the 20% of patients. lumbar pain associated with perfusion, was presented in 6% of patients. Decrease severe acute and the vision, photosensitivity reactions and allergic reactions not observed in this group II. group III, consisting of patients with CNV secondary to MP, the os 9 months of the start of the first treatment, improvement was observed d the NAVC in 49% the eyes, no changes were observed in 42.5% of the eyes and we see the 8.5% decrease in the eyes. For the 21 months follow-up, we see improvement in MAVC in 80% of the eyes and the remaining 20% look decline in MAVC. The average size of the CNV in this group was 2476.6 + -1030.1 u. The average number of treatments all eyes included in the study at the time of its closure was 2.8 + -0.9 with a range between 1 and 6. Referring to the undesirable effects, and decrease severe acute vision only see in a male patient of 72 years. visual impairment and visual field unspecific, presented the 20.51% of the patients. lumbar pain associated with the infusion occurred in 2.6% of patients, and we have seen only one case of mild allergic reaction in a woman of 45 years who spoke "itching "generalized for 10 days after the first treatment and sent with oral antihistamines. myopic In the subgroup of children under 50 years, the average age was 38.4 + - 5.9 years. For the 9 months from the first treatment in 52% of the eyes we see improvement in 8 the MAVC 523 in the 40% remained unchanged and in the 8% decrease note. For the 21 months follow-up, in 83.3% of the eyes improved MAVC and look at the 16.7% decline in MAVC. size means of CNV in this subgroup was 2384.4 + -1001.5 u. The average number of treatments all eyes included in the study and the time in his closing 2.9 + -0.8 with a range comprised between 1 and 5. subgroup myopic older than 50 years, the average age was 65 + -8.7 years. For the 9 months after first treatment, in 45.5% of the eyes we see improvement in MAVC in 45.5% and remained unchanged in 9% of the eyes decreased. For the 21 months follow-up in 75% of myopic eyes look older than 50 years was 2581.4 + -1075.4 u. The average number of trtamientos of all eyes included in the study at the time of its closure was 2.6 + -1.1 with covering a range between 1 and 6

Author: BOLÍVAR MONTESA MARÍA PILAR.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA Y ODONTOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA - UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTAIGO DE COMPOSTELA.

Summary: The microperimetría with Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) permits discuss point by point the sensitivity of the central retina at the same time we see eye background. After making a few patterns of normalcy has been found that the retinal sensitivity determined through microperimetría with SLO in normal subjects with eccentricity and lapses with age, not influenced by eye or sex. The microperimetría can detect small escotomas absolute and relative in the region caused by macular macular holes, diaphragms neovasculares coroideas, diabetic macular edema, coridopatía central serous, Druze and laser scars. It also provides information on the point of setting, its location, variability and relationship with the alterations of the fund. The microperimetría could be a complementary technique in the detection, differential diagnosis, therapeutic approach and therapeutic assessment of macular pathology.

Author: BLANCO RIVERA MARÍA DEL CARMEN.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA Y ODONTOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA Y ODONTOLOGÍA.

Summary: The Melanoma Coroides is the most common primary intraocular tumor adult. The different therapeutic alternatives available today offer a similar survival among them. Moreover, in recent years, the concept of quality of life has been increasingly introducing in Medicine, the patient becoming a more decisive role in the decisions and actions physicians. The objective of the study is to determine what kind of treatment, brachytherapy with 1125 or enucleation, which offer a similar survival based on studies of COMS, brings a better quality of life for patients treated Melanoma coroides. Patients and method. All patients in the study were performing a complete eye examination. They surveyed 65 patients treated Melanoma coroides through Brachytherapy with 1125, enucleation or both. The questionnaire used was the VF-14 which he performed a series of changes being tested before finally being used. The data obtained were analyzed statistically. Results and discussion. We found statistically significant differences between the visual acuity half, both eye affection as binocular, initial and final, suffering a significant decline, as in other papers published by other authors. The overall average score obtained in the questionnaire VF also suffered a decline statistically significant mind after treatment, resulting, in turn, the differences between irradiated patients and enucleados statistically significant for a given task force. It showed a relationship between the binocular visual acuity after treatment and the time elapsed since the same with the quality of life subjectively perceived by patients. Patients were irradiated addition, a better perception of their overall health than those who had been enucleados. Conclusions. We can say, therefore, that the irradiated patients have a better perception of their overall health than patients enucleados, and can also more easily perform a variety of tasks inside. The questionnaire VF, compared to the sick enucleados. Moreover, the binocular visual acuity and the length of time after treatment are presented as influential factors on the quality of life perceived by patients.

Author: ARGILÉS ANDRÉS CAROLINA.
Year: 2004.
University: ZARAGOZA [www.unizar.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Author: DE LA FUENTE SALINERO MIGUEL ÁNGEL.
Year: 2005.
University: VALLADOLID [www.uva.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: IN SOME CASES OF VRP THERE IS A ACORTAMIENTO RETINIANO THAT IS NOT ATRIBUÍBLE THE PRESENCE OF MEMBRANE PERIRRETINIANAS BUT TO A PROCESS INTRARRETINIANO NOT IDENTIFICADO THAT COULD BE MADE THROUGH MANIFESTO FOR THE STUDY INMUNO-HISTOQUÍMICO And ANATOMO-PATOLÓGICO OF RETINECTOMÍAS PERIFÉRICAS.

Author: VILLEGAS BECERRIL ENRIQUE.
Year: 2005.
University: CÓRDOBA [www.uco.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: The retinopathy of prematurity is a type proliferative disease that usually takes place in preterm infants. In his etioipatoenia have been implicated various factors such as oxygen therapy, sepsis and transfusions. Recently it has been linked to the production of mitogenic so local and systemic (IGF-I, VEGF and bFGF) through its quantification in intraocular animal model of retinal neovascularization. Based on these assumptions we set out to quantify serum of these cytokines in patients premature to predict the risk of retinopathy of prematurity. So we found a significant difference between the groups of patients and healthy retinopathy of prematurity. So we found significant differences between groups of patients and healthy retinopathy according to the IGF-Iy the VEGF not find significant differences for bFGF. Then design a model multivariate valid according dela IGF-Iy VEGF with the predictive power of the suffering of retinopathy according to their levels in serum. We conclude by saying that both IGF-I as VEGF may aid in the diagnosis dela retinopathy of prematurity, not the bFGF, as this does not establish significant difference between patients and healthy retinopathy of prematurity. The IGF-Iy the VEGf can serve as factors predicting risk of suffering from the disease.

Author: MAHMOUD ALI LEILA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA - DEPARTAMENTO DE OFTALMOLOGIA Y OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE CIRUGIA-AREA CONOCIMIENTO OFTALMOLOGIA-UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA.

Summary: OBJECTIVE A comparative study assessing three therapeutic approaches for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion, namely the dissection of the adventitia arteriovenous, intravitreal injection of acetónido of triamcinolone and a combination of both techniques. The main parameters of valuation are improving the MAVC and thinning macular. Furthermore, the study will assess the complications that can acaecer after the implementation of each treatment regimen. Another objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of the sample of the study and the clinical characteristics of patients with OVRR. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective comparative non-randomized trial that includes three competing groups. We included patients with visual acuity of 20/32 or worse due to macular edema, hemorrhage or ischemia. Excluded from the study were patients with vasculopatías associated with laser photocoagulation after rack or vitreous hemorrhage and retinal neovascularization. We recruited 79 eyes of 79 patients. The patients were assigned to one of three groups according to the therapeutic approach used in each. Preoperative evaluation included a detailed medical history, assessment of the visual acuity of the decimal system and Snellen letters ETDRS, exploration groove per lamp pole earlier tonometría, exploration pole post with oftalmoscopia indirect biomicroscopía lamp groove. The sweep was conducted OCT in 37 patients to measure the thickness macular both preoperative and in the postoperative period. It summarizes continuous variables included in the analysis using descriptive statistics, the number of cases and percentage. The Fisher exact test was used to evaluate the difference between the two techniques in terms of categorical variables and other recodificaciones made. The ANOVA test was used for variables such as age, MACV preoperative, MAVC postoperative, OCT preoperative and postoperative OCT. Moreover test was used for repeated measures ANOVA to assess the differences within the group on the values of MAVC and preoperative and postoperative OCT. It established a significance level less 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS The group dissection of the adventitia gain average MAVC was two lines ETDRS. The group ITIV gain was half of a line while in the group technique combined average gain of 0.5 lines. The evaluation of macular edema by OCT demonstrated an average reduction from baseline of 45%, 25% and 32% in Groups I, II and III, respectively, in a follow-up visit at six months. There has been a reduction in macular thickness in excess of 300u with respect to the preoperative value on the 73%, 50% and 50% in Groups I, II and III, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups regarding the MAVC end nor the values of macular thickness, p = 0.02 and 0.03 respectively. CONCLUSION The OVRR is a disorder itself, especially in old age, with a preferential allocation in males. The systemic hypertension is the most important risk factor. Each of the three approaches used in this study achieved a favorable outcome in terms of the improvement of visual acuity and macular edema. The dissection of the dventicia arteriovenous associated with a lower incidence of complications and the outcome more favorable, while the combined approach is associated with the highest incidence of complications and the least favorable outcome. 8 The form 302 ation cataract complication was more pronounced in the group treated with dissection of the adventitia arteriovenous, while an increase in intraocular pressure proved to be the most frequent complication in the implementation of ITV. Cataracts and increased IOP were complications that arose more frequently in the combined treatment group.

Author: FERNÁNDEZ VIDAL ANA M..
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: INTRODUCTION perimetry Press perimeter is a new procedure that uses incentives that combine spatial resolution and contrast in pulses fase-contrafase to 30 Hz, for the early diagnosis of glaucoma. Objectives To determine whether perimetry Pulsar is a worthwhile procedure for the early diagnosis of glaucoma, and evaluate its profitability diagnosed in different stages of glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS have been studied a total of 379 eyes of 194 subjects, who were divided into 5 groups were studied 157 eyes of 81 normal subjects (mean age: 49.96 +-17.32 years), 128 eyes of 65 hypertensive ocular (average age: 69.70 +-7.89 years), 41 eyes of 24 patients with early glaucoma (average age: 65.71 +-8.2 years) and 29 eyes of 29 patients with established glucose (mean age : 70.92 +-7.56 years). All of them made a complete eye examination including perimetrías Press (TOP-T30W), Octopus 1-2-3 TOP TG1, TDF (program N30). Exclusion criteria: AV minor 0.8, defect refractive greater 3dp spherical and 1.5 dp of astigmatismo, pupil less 3 mm, eye surgery or disease, diabetes, the Student's t and the Spearman correlation coefficient for the analysis of results . RESULTS Conperimetría CLICKING sensitivity average (SM) in normal patients was 21.01 src ( "spatial resolution and contrast units") of 2.70, the default medium (DM) 1.06 src OF 1.72; the variance of loss (VP) of 6.17 src OF 3.76. In hypertensive SM was 19.18 src Of 2.77; DM 2.18 src OF 2.42, and the VP of 8.28 src OF 4.71. In glaucomas SM was 11.87 src of 6.98; DM 8.61 src of 6.93, and the VP 20.76 src of 15.45. There are statistically significant differences at p less 0.05 between normal and hypertensive with the DM and HL Push. The coefficient of correlation between global and Pulsar Octopus was 0.83 to the DM and 0.61 for the variance of loss. The area of Bjerrum lower and nasal areas are lasa that showed better correlation coefficients after comparison point between Press and Octopus in patients with different stages of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS The perimetry Press seems to have a greater sensitivity for early detection of damage in hypertensive patients who perimetry conveniconal blanco-blanco. It is capable of detecting defects glaucomatosos visual field, even at early stages dela disease, but in general deepens the escotomas, since there is a greater physiological loss of contrast sensitivity towards the periphery over the threshold bright.

Author: MAYORAL MASANA MARÍA FRANCISCA.
Year: 2005.
University: ZARAGOZA [www.unizar.es].
Place of defense: HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO MIGUEL SERVET.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA.

Summary: The glaucoma is a neuromatía optic characterized by a progressive loss of axones of ganglion cells, which determines structural changes in the optic nerve head and the CFNR, as well as the emergence of a progressive deterioration in the visual function is irreversible. The problem is an asymptomatic in the early stages of the disease, so early diagnosis is crucial to prevent its development. The study of functional visual field is one of the key figures in the diagnosis of glaucoma, but the conventional automated perimetry detects damage glaucomatoso at a relatively late stage of the disease, and damage to exist in the nerve fiber layer of the retina and the papilla. In recent years there have developed new techniques for digital image analysis of the structures neuroretinianas, including the Optical Coherence Tomography, which seek to detect structural alterations glaucomatosas in the initial stages of glaucoma. We selected a sample population to conduct a cross-sectional study of cases and controls, comparing the results of the thickness of the layer of nerve fibers of the retina and the parameters obtained in papillary normal ocular hypertension, suspected glaucoma and glaucomatosos with Tomography Optical Coherence. Following the analysis of results, we may conclude that Tomografia Optical Coherence is able to detect and quantify damage glaucomatoso, establishing differences between the study groups, with a balance of high sensitivity and specificity and is capable of detecting damage high-risk ocular hypertension, which is normal conventional perimetry. The clinical efficacy of the test shows that can be used for early diagnosis as well as for monitoring subjects with glaucoma.