VITAMINS IN FOOD

Author: Doménech de Antonio Elena.
Year: 2006.
University: VALENCIA.
Place of defense: Facultad de Medicina.
Place of preparation: Facultad de medicina. Universidad de Valencia.

Summary: During the exercise free radicals are produced within the muscle cell. They can act as regulatory signals in various physiological functions of the muscle, such as its contractile force, its capacity to generate ATP, etcâ | We know that aerobic training using a certain frequency, intensity and duration, can increase the content between mitochondrial 50% and 100% over a period of approximately six weeks. The largest mitochondrial content makes an increase in resistance regardless of small changes at the level of maximum oxygen consumption. The process involves mitochondrial biogenesis directly to proteins: PGC-1, NRF-1, tfam, and citrate synthase cytochrome c. It has also been shown that aerobic training induces the expression antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. For many years there has been some speculation that taking antioxidants during training could influence the performance of it. It has been proven that the administration of antioxidants while it is being exhausting physical exercise has beneficial effects, as it prevents muscle damage and oxidative stress associated with strenuous physical exercise. When doing physical exercise until exhaustion, the generation of reactive oxygen species exceeds the antioxidant capacity of the cell, and therefore the prevention of this training is the key to reversing the muscle damage associated with oxidative stress. Our working assumption was based on the free radicals produced during the exercise acted as signals to cause the process of mitochondrial biogenesis, and that the taking of oral antioxidants such as allopurinol, and vitamin C slows this adaptation. Our results show how the cascade that leads to mitochondrial biogenesis is blocked due to oral supplementation with antioxidants. Similarly, the performance after the training of rats and human supplemented with antioxidants, was lower than in the placebo group. The antioxidant enzyme induction occurred with training, was blocked in the group supplemented with antioxidants. Therefore, we can conclude that the free radicals produced during the year played a key role in adaptations to aerobic training and that the administration of antioxidants during this period is not recommended, while it is during strenuous physical exercise.