TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES (8)

Author: PIQUER CASES JUAN CARLOS.
Year: 2006.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA [More theses of this university] [www.upv.es].
Place of defense: Dep. Expresion Grafica Arquitectonica.
Place of preparation: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.

Summary: This Doctoral Thesis, articulates the need to realize the use of digital models as a means of expression and technical architecture for graphically in their various areas of expertise. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to address the research pose some specific objectives that lead to set a specific methodology for the use of the digital model for architecture. The process of architectural design is the common thread that by their sequential nature, it shows the necessity of using a digital model. Following in the path of the investigation, there is a methodological model of application to the field of graphic asset recovery, which provides specific and concrete results. The research results graphically on an architectural destroyed, as is the Royal Palace in Valencia recovered for history, a part of our cultural heritage. Power represent them through new technologies, gives us some pictures take us back to a time past, at least virtually.

Author: BARRIUSO POY ALEJANDRO.
Year: 2006.
University: ROVIRA I VIRGILI [More theses of this university] [www.urv.cat].
Place of defense: URV, ETSE CAMPUS SESCE. SALA DE GRAUS.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGINIERIA.

Author: USTYANTSEV MYKHAYLO.
Year: 2006.
University: ROVIRA I VIRGILI [More theses of this university] [www.urv.cat].
Place of defense: ESCOLA TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERIA.
Place of preparation: ETSE.

Author: MOHAMED ABD EL MAID HAMED HAMDY.
Year: 2006.
University: ROVIRA I VIRGILI [More theses of this university] [www.urv.cat].
Place of defense: URV ETSE CAMPUS SESCELADES SALA DE GRAUS.
Place of preparation: URV ETSE.

Summary: MODELING OF COMPACT DEVICES MOSFET DOOR OF MULTIPLE Hamdy M. Abd El Hamid ResumenEn this thesis we studied the characteristics of the MOSFET devices not doped multiple door (multiple-gate MOSFETs) with nano dimensions. We have introduced compact models of the effects of short channel (SCEs) for three types of multiple-gate MOS devices (surrounding-gate MOSFET, double-gate MOSFET, and FinFET). There has been the main model parameters affected by the effects of channel corto.Este work represents a major breakthrough in the modeling of new nanometric devices multiple MOS gate. A good proof of this is that most of the results presented in this thesis has been published (or are accepted for publication) in prestigious international journals and conference proceedings international renown.

Author: BENAVENTE VIDAL ROBERT.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: ESCOLA TÈCNICA SUPERIOR D'ENGINYERIA (ETSE).
Place of preparation: ESCOLA TÈCNICA SUPERIOR D'ENGINYERIA (ETSE).

Summary: Colour is an important visual cue widely used in computer vision in the last years. Most of the methods developed so far aim to extract low-level colour features from images and such information do not have a direct link to the high-level semantics that humans use. The lack of this direct link, known as the semantic gap, is even more significant for some applications such as image retrieval where users require systems able to support queries in natural language or, at least, in a high-level language. Hence, the main goal of this thesis is to make a further step in the way of reducing the semantic gap in the task of giving names to colours in images. The main contribution of this thesis is a parametric colour-naming model for images. The problem is framed on the fuzzy set theory where each one of the 11 basic colour categories (white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, purple, pink, orange, and grey) is characterized by a membership function. Since the goal of such a model is to obtain the same name assignments as a human observer would provide, a set of human judgements is needed as starting point for the modelling process. To obtain such a data set we propose a methodology for fuzzy psychophysical experiments and a set of fuzzy judgements are obtained. The methodology and the results are validated by computing some usual statistics which are compared to previous experiments to show the equivalence of the results obtained with the new methodology and the ones from former experiments. The data set obtained has been made available online on the Internet for the research community. The analysis of the results from the experiment allows defining the properties that the membership functions should fulfil. Several functions are proposed and evaluated to achieve the final Triple Sigmoid with Elliptical centre (TSE) model which provides good fitting to the learning data and a categorization of the Munsell colour space which is consistent with previous works. The result of the fitting process is the set of parameters of the model which allows computing the membership of any given colour sample to the 11 colour categories considered, with all the advantages of a parametric implementation. The last part of the thesis is devoted to analyse the conditions needed to apply the model on real images under uncalibrated conditions where no information about the acquisition conditions is known. This analysis shows that the model can work with an acceptable error on computer vision applications where a perceptual representation of colour information is needed. The model is tested in one of these applications on a real problem where automatic image annotation is used for image retrieval. The results on the experiments show the potentiality of the colour-naming model for different future applications and open new research possibilities in this field.

Author: GARCIA HUERTA PABLO.
Year: 2006.
University: OVIEDO [More theses of this university] [www.uniovi.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE QUIMICA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE QUIMICA.

Summary: There have been polypropylene composite materials / waste fibers of wood pulp in an extruder co-rotante double spindle. There have been various composite materials using four types of polypropylene as a matrix (MOPLEN 500N, 500R, 548R and 648U) and three different configurations spindle (called C1, C3 and C5) designed to produce varying degrees of dispersive mixing and distribution. The contents of cellulose fibers in composite materials has varied between 20 and 50% by weight. Composite materials have been obtained without coupling agent and with a 1.5 and a 3% by weight of a polypropylene maleado. We have examined the combined effects of the composition and terms of mix of composite materials listed on the attrition experienced by the fibers used as reinforcement, as well as on the rheological properties, mechanical, thermal and physical composite materials obtained. The attrition experienced by the fibers does not start with breaking the fibers longer, but it affects equally to all, regardless of their length. There seems to be a threshold energy conferred on the fibers during the process of mixing and kneading of composite materials that determines the magnitude of the efforts conferred on the reinforcement fibers in the various configurations spindle used, and hence the degree of attrition experienced fibers. Such attrition is also conditioned by the content of fiber and polypropylene maleado in the composite material. Curves viscosity polypropylene composite materials / waste fibers from wood pulp reveal its pseudoplastic. The results obtained reveal that the use of a polypropylene lowest index of fluidity not always leads to an increase in viscosity of the composite materials. The polypropylene lower rate fluidity experienced, in some cases, greater degradation which tends to reduce its viscosity. Moreover, the degree of mixing that provides each spindle configuration and the presence or absence of coupling agent in the composite material condition the effect of spindle configuration on the viscosity of the composite materials. Also, the effect of coupling agent on the viscosity of the composite materials is the result of a series of conflicting purposes: improving the dispersion of fibers within the matrix and the effect it produces lubricating agent coupling contribute to reduce the viscosity of the composite materials, while improving adherence fiber / matrix, which also leads the coupling agent, helps to increase the viscosity. For its part, the increased fiber content of over 30%, by weight, and the spindle configuration changes do not result in a significant improvement in the modulus of elasticity and tensile resistance of composite materials without agent coupling. This fact reveals a poor dispersion strengthening due to grades dispersive mixing and distributive achieved during the kneading, with any of the three configurations of the spindle are, in the absence of coupling agent, limited due to the trend fibers to reaglomerarse. The mechanical properties of flexion are independent of the spindle configuration used. The softening temperature VICAT and crystallinity of the matrix are the most sensitive to differences in the mixing process that leads to each spindle configuration. In most cases, the mechanical properties, thermal and physical are virtually independent of molecular weight polypropylene used as a matrix. Moreover, the polypropylene maleado used as a coupling agent produces, in most cases, an improvement of the mechanical properties, thermal and physical composite materials, especially those reinforced with the highest percentages of fiber (40 and 50% by weight).

Author: GALÁN CUBILLO ESTEBAN.
Year: 2006.
University: CARDENAL HERRERA CEU [More theses of this university] [www.uch.ceu.es].
Place of defense: SALÓN DE GRADOS DE LA BIBLIOTECA.
Place of preparation: Universidad Cardenal Herrera Ceu.

Summary: The enthusiasm and excitement for all downstream applications of virtual reality has grown in recent years at an accelerating rate. In the field of communication, and more particularly on television, one of the applications most relevant is the virtual scenery. The emergence of the virtual scenery is confined within the transition from the analog to digital technology and the strong trend that has seen the generation of computer graphics in the television industry. The technology of virtual art ever had a greater presence in productions emitting all television channels. The current viewer receives from natural images that are the result of a synthesis between the reference image with real and computer-generated image. The virtual scenery and other applications of virtual reality have tremendous creative possibilities and represent an exciting field of research and development. This paper has investigated how it affects the use of this technology to work for realization of a television program. Moreover, through this work was also looking for answers to several questions related to the field of art virtual TV: What is art virtual goes where and what is the use of this technology in television . Therefore, the hypothesis of the research is that "the script modifies the process of realizing television affecting their various stages of pre-production, production and post-production of a television program." To carry out this research has been used a methodology based on triangular three techniques:-research documentary sources bibliographic - qualitative research through the use of observational techniques of production processes and in-depth interviews with experts the matter. - Quantitative research based on small sample questionnaire on line aimed at professional middle television.

Author: JUAN GODOY BIBIANA.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE VETERINARIA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA.

Summary: In this paper we have studied the effects of high hydrostatic pressure in the maturation of sheep's cheese. The cheeses were subjected to a range of pressures of 200-500 MPa for 10 min at 12 ° C at day 1 and 15 maturation. We have assessed the physical and chemical parameters, microbiological and enzymatic cheese and its effect on the proteolysis, lipolisis and sensory characteristics of cheese. It has also tested the effectiveness of high pressure to accelerate the ripening of cheese from sheep, as well as the evaluation of their application in real life situations, using industrial machinery and cheese sized business. It has been evaluated the importance of the time of application of treatment by comparing the results obtained by applying the same standard of treatment for cheeses with different days to maturity. The application of 200 MPa treatment does not cause major changes, resulting in a very similar product to a cheese without presurizar. However, processing of 300 MPa increase proteolysis and lipolisis in sheep's cheese, attributed to the cell lysis produced with pressure. The results obtained depend on the time of application of the treatment. The treatments pressure made at the beginning of the maturation accelerated ripening of cheese, however, significantly alter the sensory characteristics of the product. The treatment applied to 15 days of ripening causes milder changes in the sensory properties of cheese, valorándose positively by the tasters. However, the acceleration in the maturation of these cheeses is much lower. The application of high pressure (? 400 MPa) lowers the biochemical processes that take place during the ripening of cheese, possibly due to the reduction of microbial load and enzyme inactivation can be utilized to reduce or stop the ripening of cheese at the time desired.

Author: Pagans Miró Estel.la.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria.
Place of preparation: Escola Universitària Politècnica del Medi Ambient.

Summary: The topic of the thesis is the problem that currently exists in the waste treatment plants in relation to the emission of pollutants and odoriferous compounds to the atmosphere. Specifically, we study the emissions of ammonia and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from the process of composting organic waste with a variety of different nitrogen content (organic fraction of municipal waste (FORM) with different proportions of structuring, sewage sludge water fresh and digested waste, waste residues from meat and hair). It also evaluates the influence of some parameters of the process of composting on emissions of VOCs and ammonia, in particular temperature and providing structuring, finally exposing potential strategies to be followed to minimize them. Also, it focuses on analyzing the feasibility of biofiltración using compost as a means of support to eliminate emissions of VOCs and ammonia from the composting processes studied. In parallel, discusses the implications of the results obtained in the operation of biofiltros dealing with flue gas of composting plants, namely gas mixtures complex interactions with various pollutants and different routes of degradation in the biofiltro. Finally, it is carried out the design and construction of an instrument that allows a carrier to characterize organic relationship with the biofiltración ammonia in terms of biological degradation, adsorption capacity and absorptive capacity of ammonia, and discusses five organic materials support different (compost, coconut fiber, bark, vegetable waste and peat) from biofiltros operating waste treatment facilities. In this regard, we also discussed the consequences of the behavior of organic means analyzed in research on biofiltración ammonia.

Author: RUIZ FERNANDEZ NILBIA.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [More theses of this university] [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.

Summary: The Green Chemistry is a recent discipline of chemistry whose goal is to design compounds and chemical processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances on human health and the environment, making sustainable use of resources. To quantify environmentally improvements in a chemical reaction according to Green Chemistry strategies, or to compare different alternatives is required to conduct environmental assessments of charges and valuing them. In this dissertation presents a method of carrying out this environmental assessment in the case of the comparison of different alternatives. The dissertation focuses on the environmental assessment of various advanced oxidation processes. On the investigation of these processes is currently devoting a lot of resources, these are fundamentally new technologies for the treatment of effluent pollutants from different types of activities, including agricultural and industrial sectors chemicals, paper, textiles, etc.. In particular, the thesis has focused on the implementation of the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) for the treatment of aqueous solutions of salicylic acid and dye synthetic Procion Red H-E7B through methods such as advanced oxidation process Fenton, foto-Fenton and Fotocatálisis Heterogénea with subsequent use or non-biological treatment. In the first chapter of the thesis for the introduction, is detailed in a clear and concise manner the main foundations of LCA, including its methodology, as well as advanced oxidation processes Fenton, foto-Fenton and Fotocatálisis Heterogénea, along with the coupling a biological treatment. LCA consider focuses on the consumption of electricity, the cost of production of the chemical compounds used in the whole process and the costs incurred in cleaning chemical and biological wastewater resulting. The calculation of the LCA is done through standard software which takes into account up to 10 factors that influence human health, natural resources, environment, etc.. The second chapter of materials and methods explained in detail the various experimental systems used and the methods of calculating the LCA. The third chapter of results and discussion is presented in two distinct parts. In the first, brought the data obtained in the deal with salicylic acid and performed his stroke, as most important results were obtained that the process foto-Fenton is less impressive and a spice innocuous as hydrogen peroxide da instead unless toxicity. On the other hand, the second part examines the determination of the LCA for the treatment of dye Procion Red H-E7B previously studied by the research group. At different stages shown in a clear parameters used to assess this part, the approximations made, the data and ideas that can lead to improvement of this part, it appears that the coupling foto-Fenton-biológico lowers the environmental impact of the process. These results are very significant when doors open to a thorough study of stroke in the degradation of toxic compounds by processes induced by sunlight, which would encourage the reduction of environmental impact in preventing the current radiation with a UV lamp and the resulting energy savings . Moreover, the results allow to extend the investigation to conduct a more rigorous study of biological subsequent matings.

Author: VILLAZON TRABANCO ANGEL.
Year: 2006.
University: OVIEDO [More theses of this university] [www.uniovi.es].
Place of defense: E.P.S. DE INGENIEROS DE GIJON.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA POLITECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERIA DE GIJON.

Summary: This thesis is the development of a Model Management Customer relations based on knowledge management that takes into account the increasing complexity, global and technological new technologies and globalization taking place in the marketing of goods equipment, that means that the management through data and information is no longer valid. Being necessary to move to a more competitive and knowledge-based competitiveness as a tool of utmost importance.

Author: Planes Cid Jordi.
Year: 2006.
University: LLEIDA [More theses of this university] [www.udl.es].
Place of defense: Escola Universitària Politècnica.
Place of preparation: Escola Universitària Politècnica.

Summary: The problem of satisfactibilidad (TSS) is the issue that comes to deciding whether a assignación really satisfies a formula NFC. Today, different problems hard combinatorial problems such as verification of hardware and software can be solved eficientmente codificándolos in SAT. In this thesis, we focus on the problem of maximum satisfactibilidad (MAX-SAT), a version of the SAT that optimization is to find the assignación really pleased that the maximum number of clauses in an NFC formula. We also consider an alternative MAX-SAT called MAX-SAT weighted where each clause has an associated weight and the problem is to find the truth in that allocation of the sum of the weights of the clauses raped is minimal. While SAT is NP-complete and appropriate to codify and problem solving decision, MAX-SAT and MAX-SAT weighted are NP-difíciles and appropriate to codify and solve problems optimitzación. This thesis focuses on the design, implementation and evaluation of resolvedores exact MAX-SAT based on the pattern of branching and pruning, with a special emphasis on disseño good lower bounds, good inference techniques and data structures appropriate . First, we have identified three methods of computing lower heights: Rule star, UP, and UP with improved detection verbatim failed. They compute an estimate of the number of clauses to be insatisfacer if the partial assignment is completed. This estimate is the number of disjoint subsets that can be declared insatisfactibles deriving, in polynomial time, a rebuttal resolution of the terms of the subset. The rule star believes subconjutos formed by No uniform clauses and a clause n-aria which is the disjunción of verbatim complementary to those that occur in them verbatim clauses unit; a rebuttal unit can be derived from these clauses. UP detected contradictions via prop

Author: Domínguez Quijada Salvador.
Year: 2006.
University: VALLADOLID [More theses of this university] [www.uva.es].
Place of defense: E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales.
Place of preparation: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales (ETSII).

Summary: In recent years, social robots have arisen from the need to put in place systems to assist human tasks of daily activity. But these robots are designed not only to attend but also to interact with people in a natural manner, having to display a basic social behavior apart from its functional capabilities to be accepted by people as social agents. While industrial robots are programmed and managed by specialized personnel, social robots are to be handled by people who, in many cases, do not have sufficient technical capacity. Therefore, it was increasingly requires that these robots have advanced communication interfaces to facilitate interaction with humans. Over the thesis discusses various aspects of physical design and functional social robots taking into account some ideas of knowledge about the functioning of biological systems. It proposes a functional architecture for robots social and describes how it has been implemented in a practical application: the robot social Arisco. " This name comes from "Android Robot Interface for Social Communication and Operation." The rationale behind this name is as follows: According to the Royal Academy of the Spanish language is that the word android PLC shaped man. The wikipedia adds that the android also mimics some aspects of human behavior independently. In our case this is a robot with facial features that mimic the appearance of a human being with some characteristics of animals as big ears and mobile. Furthermore attitudes that mimic human behavior (represented emotional, visual and auditory perception, and so on.). Finally it is a social interface operation since the main objective of the system is to operate in a social environment performing functions as a point of information and entertainment.