PRODUCTION AND BETA DECAY HALF-LIVES OF HEAVY NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI APPROACHING THE STELLAR NUCLEOSYNTHESIS R-PROCESS PATH AROUND A = 195Summary: This thesis represents a first step in studying nzcleos heavy neutron-rich, prsximos point standby proceso-r of nucleosmntesis primetime environment to A = 195. The large excess of neutrons of nzcleos involved, is the main stumbling block to his study. These nzcleos are unstable, and therefore have to be produced in the laboratory using nuclear reactions between heavy ions. Besides, to measure their half-life, we must resort to a ticnica pilot witty, capable of producing flight and identify these nzcleos, and study their desintegracisn. The complexity of these experiments is necessary to participacisn several groups investigacisn. Specifically, this pilot study was conducted in colaboracisn with different European institutes: GSI, Germany, IPN-Orsay, GANIL, CENBG-Bordeaux, France and the University of Santiago de Compostela, Espaqa. From this study, we have been able to draw important conclusions about the produccisn of nzcleos heavy neutron-rich, habiindose synthesized for the first time 25 isstopos rich in neutrons in the regisn N ~ 126. The sections have been identified effective produccisn, more than 190 nzcleos heavy neutron-rich, in reaccisn of fragmentacisn 208Pb + Be a energma of 1 A GeV. It has developed a new ticnica to measure half lives desintegracisn, in a position to fund very complex, which has led to the half-life of 8 isstopos rich in neutrons, the layer closed around N = 126. When comparing the results of this experimental work, calculations macroscspicos Gross Theory and calculations microscspicos RPA (GT) + ff (gr.th) and DF3 + CQRPA, it is noted that the calculation DF3 + CQRPA in general in this better agreement with our experimental results, as the half-lives, calculated in this model are considerably shorter than those of the rest of predictions available in the literature, this regisn to the letter nzcleos. The shortening of the half-lives for nzcleos close to N = 126, observed in the present work doctoral thesis, involves an aceleracisn flow field at the point of waiting A = 195, which can change the visisn current proceso-r both on stage cansnico, as in the wind neutrino, opening a door for future research. Prsximamente conducting new experiments, including beta-gamma coincidences that allow obtain informacisn espectroscspica of nzcleos near-layer closed N = 126. In prsximos aqos, the new complex of accelerators FAIR, in Darmstadt, Germany, offer enormous potential for investigating nzcleos involved in the proceso-r of nucleosmntesis stellar in the regisn of nzcleos heavy around waiting point A = 195.
