PHYSICAL TRANSMISSION OF HEAT

Author: LUIS PEREZ FRANCISCO DE.
Year: 2003.
University: ALMERÍA [www.ual.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE FISICA APLICADA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXPERIMENTALES.

Summary: The constructive solutions with horizontal geometry are complex solutions to illuminate cenitalmente buildings located on large surfaces. Among them covered sawtooth can be defined as one of those geometric envelope. The origin of this research was the analysis and design of a deck on sawtooth within the project MEDUCA, surrounded by the THERMIE program of the European Union, for installation on the campus of the University. Through this cover was intended to optimize the behavior of bioclimatic covered sawtooth so that part of his behavior appropriate for the lighting of the interior spaces of the building, gave reduce the tax on heating in winter and cooling in summer. So in this paper discusses the various components of irradiance, components direct, diffuse and reflected on the catchments covered in the sawtooth. The direct component depends on two factors partners, the cosine of the angle of incidence and the factor proportion of the catchment area radiated. The diffuse component depends on a factor associated factor geometric configuration between the catchment area and sky. Finally, the component reflected depends on three factors partners, the cosine of the angle of incidence on surfaces reflection factor of the ratio of surface reflection and radiated factor geometric configuration between surfaces of thought and catchments. All these factors are associated selected from algorithms themselves. It is noted that the factors associated with the various components depend on a number of parameters specific to the geometry of the constructive solutions and the coordinates of solar position. So changing these parameters are obtained different and significant cases of constructive solutions horizontal with complex geometry, which are extracted the various factors associated with the various components and solar energy gains late on catchments, using for that purpose a computer simulation program developed for the purpose, which is the input parameters commented earlier and also used as input values from one year data type of diffuse irradiance and straightforward. Finally it has been experimentally validated the model of solar gains on constructive solutions horizontal with complex geometry, through the development of an experimental device, a scale model of some of the cases previously discriminated against, which is the median values of irradiance on its the catchment area. Comparing the observed values with the estimated concludes that the models implemented constitute an effective design tool for any kind of constructive solution horizontally with complex geometry.

Author: JIMENEZ TABOADA MARIA JOSE.
Year: 2004.
University: ALMERÍA [www.ual.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXPERIMENTALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXPERIMENTALES.

Summary: The high energy consumption which is used at present in the packaging of buildings makes it necessary to search, study and implementation of strategies to enhance savings in this area, and this requires knowledge of the thermal properties of fences constructive. A more complex component more difficult to obtain properties of the enclosure from properties of the materials used in its construction, resulting very useful test a methodology that allows the characterization of thermal fences constructive scale and under real weather conditions, using calls Test Cells. In this research is analyzed and solved some problems in some of the tests conducted at the cell level, for the characterization of energy in constructive fences weather conditions, size and conditions of actual use. It proposes strategies to improve these trials and lines being taken to resolve these problems, as well as the criteria and priorities for improvement are set based on the estimated uncertainties done according to the GUM (ISO Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement) of 1995, for which it has been necessary to develop a procedure for the particularization of this guide to the tests analyzed here. It also discusses in detail the selection of models and dynamic analysis methods for the estimation of the parameters that characterize a thermally enclosure, based on the physics of the system analyzed, revealing patterns that substantially improves the estimates of the parameters of interest. All the analysis on specific aspects of the laboratory Spanish LEC E (Energy Laboratory Tests for Building Components), and takes place on the basis of two fences selected so that they are very different and representative. This research work addresses. Aspects which need improvement reflects various references.

Author: GARRIDO URIARTE FLORENCIO.
Year: 2005.
University: PAÍS VASCO [www.ehu.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA DE BILBAO.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA DE BILBAO.

Summary: This thesis has developed a general mathematical formulation of the problem of multiple scattering of waves by thermal flat cylindrical structures or areas, which makes it possible to calculate the surface temperature of a material having in its interior a certain number of cylindrical or spherical inclusions and that is illuminated by a beam of light modulated or pressed. The validity of the developed model has been verified with measurements of surface temperature by infrared thermography in samples that were calibrated cylindrical and spherical inclusions of geometric properties controlled. Then a device has been developed based on thermographic press for measuring the thermal diffusivity of both composite materials reinforced with unidirectional fiber as material non-flat, as is the case with rods, tubes and spheres. Finally this device has been used for the detection and characterization of subsurface defects in homogeneous arrays from the measure surface temperature. The method is an alternative to other methods of non-destructive, as is the case with ultrasounds, and is specially designed to study spot defects near the surface of the samples until 1 mmm deep.

Author: MOURELLE MOSQUEIRA M. LOURDES.
Year: 2005.
University: VIGO [www.uvigo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEL MAR.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEL MAR - UNIVERSIDAD DE VIGO.

Summary: The peloterapia is the use of therapeutic peloides or sludge in the field of thermal spas and talascoterapia. The peloides (peloide) are agents termoterapéuticos consisting of a solid component more or less complex and other liquid, which can be mineromedicinal water, salty lake or sea. The primary action of peloides is termoterápica, but also demonstrate specific actions related to the composition of peloide and organic substances generated in the process of maturation (long after contact with water mineromedicinal). There is scientific evidence of the use of therapeutic peloides, primarily on diseases and musculoskeletal disorders and dermocosmetic skin. This study has conducted a historical review on the applications of therapeutic peloides, pathologies Frequently on which it applies and the mechanisms of action involved, in addition to the benefits gained through its implementation through different techniques. Since most of peloides comprise clay, it is important to conduct a study of these initial products to establish criteria for their selection and use in the development of these products. We must study the mineralogy, composition, chemistry and properties (plasticity, exchange capacity, capacity sorcitiva, etc.) and those properties termofísicas related to the thermal behavior (density, specific heat, conductivity, index of confrontation) and on the application skin (pH, manejabilidad' |) in order to establish criteria for ormulación of peloide ópitmo for therapeutic and cosmetic. We have studied the properties termofísicas of 18 samples of clay and peloides, especially those related to its thermal behavior, such as density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and the kinetics of confrontation, compared with a mob. The equipment used were: technical pignométricas and densimetría swing mechanics (density), differential scanning calorimetry (specific heat) and aclorimetría by stationary method (thermal conductivity). For the determination of the kinetics of confrontation between 70 and 35Â ° C. From the analysis of the cooling curves were determined times and the cooling temperature is reached to you 20 minutes of the application, and also has studied the thermal behavior in relation to their water content observed that both the specific heat and cooling times with the percentage increases in water peloide. It has also been calculated retentividad of different samples. By analysis of the results indicates that the clay more appropriate for peloterapia are esmectitas inflatables and they saponita and montmorillonite, which are the best performing thermal show, in other words, those that best affections termoterápicos can produce. As for handling, are also esmectitas type saponita the most suitable for peloterapia obtained pastes with good consistency and plasticity.

Author: GONZALEZ GARCIA JUAN CARLOS.
Year: 2006.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA [www.upv.es].
Place of defense: Dep. Ingenieria Mecanica y de Materiales.
Place of preparation: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.

Summary: This thesis has been carried out the study of the influence of the thermal characteristics of the shoes and the environment in response termofisiológica foot and in the perception of thermal comfort for users. Likewise, it has addressed the approximation to a thermal model mathematical foot shoe that allows the prediction of temperature and moisture in the foot. They have conducted a series of experiments in which users have been measured temperature and humidity in the foot, the sense of temperature and moisture and thermal comfort provided by the shoe. There has been characterized footwear and thermal properties of the components and materials that form. The methodology of work has been based on the modified model of the Institute of Biomechanics of Valencia (IBV) for the analysis of interaction usuario-producto-entorno, which distinguish between the four levels that are established causal relationships: the first level will have the objective characteristics of the subject, footwear and environment, the second is the interaction calzado-usuario-ambiente and its effect on the response termofisiológica; at the third level are the variables that describe the feeling or perception thermal, ie users have opinions on their interaction with the product and the environment; finally, the fourth level is related to the comfort or discomfort heat provided by the product. This thesis provides numerous original results including: - The thermal characterization of different materials footwear and its contribution to the global properties, developing the first model of thermal footwear. The first-functional approach to data processing termofisiológicos, describing the relationship between humidity and temperature measurements at different points of the foot. The statistical approach to a model termofisiológico-perceptivo, with the definition of threshold temperature and humidity in the foot that determine the thermal comfort footwear. - The development of a numerical model thermal foot introducing a variety of improvements to those described in the literature, among which are the incorporation of the effect of sweating and loss of latent heat, and the combination with a model of the body completely. Moreover, the work done in the context of this thesis has led to the development of advisory services in the design and evaluation of thermal comfort footwear that the VBC offers companies in the sector. Likewise, knowledge and developed methodologies have provided the foundation for building a research line of thermal comfort in the VBC.