HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

Author: CONCEIÇAO MILTON LUZ DE.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This study seeks to show the relationship between the policy of colonization of the Catholic Church, under the slogan: "evangelize for comquistar people and urbanize to conquer the territory." Its influence on the delineation of urban structures, in the division of urban land, space and occupation of the island "Santaa Catarina (southern Brazil) and its evolution urbana.El study of the spatial occupation and the evolution of an urban city, or region, is key to the construction of a diagnosis on possibilities for economic and social evolution of the misma.En the fied on the island of Santa Catarina, "his exquisite nature allows its rulers see tourist activity as an object for the economic expansion. Keywords: Brasil.Geografía urbana.Iglesia Catholic.

Author: CIUDAD CIUDAD RAMONA.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: I have chosen this theme estudiio because I believe that a city is not the only scenario in which it takes place the lives of its inhabitants, but is a living space and a sense, evolving in time and space. The study of Denia is extraordinarily complex and interesting pair, especially when this city is subject to significant changes arising from the different economic conjunctures that have taken place over its history. Trade in the passes and development of the tourism sector marked the two most significant milestones of its most recent economic history, they have transformed their sociodemographic and urban structure. A city receiving waves of immigrants for economic dynamism offering, provides an analysis in which both the study of the evolution of its population, as the impact that it has exercised in urban areas, constitute the essential elements of his study. The thesis is divided into four main chapters corresponding to the four most important aspects of analysis of urban space Denia: 1 - The structure sociodemographic. We felt it was appropriate to make a comparative study between the peoples of Spain, the Valencian Community and the city of Denia since, although tra ta three spaces completely different, we wanted courting and analyze the different behavioral patterns existing in the three populations. 2 - The socio-economic structure and urban facilities. In this chapter we will focus on analyzing, in essence, the changes that have occurred both in the economic sectors, as in the activities of its inhabitants. 3 - The spatial configuration of urban growth and diversity of the residential landscape. The study will focus on analyzing the evolution of morphological which has been leading the city and see how their expansion has led the emergence of new areas, which has seen a significant transformation in the structure of the same. Analyze successive urban management plans and see as the decade of the 60's will be the protagonist of the new changes, favored by the development of tourism, which crucially affect the morphology of the city. 4 - The space subjective in the city, ie, the perception that people have of urban space. Concretizar images perceived by the citizens, would be the foundation on which to support this study, after contrast with the real image and get a set of conclusions in order to put them into practice in land use planning, avoiding possible discrepancies between the two spaces the real space and sense. It ends outlining an extensive literature on the subject has been studied.

Author: MERINO CONRAD SERGIO UBALDO.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE HISTORIA Y GEOGRAFÍA.

Summary: This thesis is an original work of social research related to the scientific field of Human Geography and the Line of research on social space consumption, the Doctoral Program "Human Geography, Land and Society." With the proposed theme: "Space social consumption" aims to examine the configuration of new spaces, the social practices that are generated by the consumption and how global plasma phenomena on the scale of a city intermediate Patagonian: Puerto Madryn (Province of Chubut, Argentina ). It explores the complex relationships between consumption, the land and socidad, in the current context of the post-industrial society. The work is an approximation to the behavior geo-demográficos of young people, their motivations and leisure habits, leisure activities and opportunities for recreation and consumption in urban areas. It examines the theme of "consumption" in the curriculum of Social Sciences and develop proposals for the teaching of geography, based on the study of social space consumption. They appreciated the use of didactic narrative and life stories, real and virtual images, simulation games and routes urban appropriation critical geographic knowledge. The work is organized into five chapters: 1-Objectives, theoretical and methodological framework. 2-Globalization, culture and consumption. Interjuego scales analysis. 3-Puerto Madryn in the context of Urban System Argentino. 4 - The social space consumption and youth in Puerto Madryn. 5, geographical and consumption-Education: Strategies for education); findings, bibliography, appendices and an index of maps, tables, diagrams and photographs.

Author: RESINO GARCÍA ROSA M..
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: Since the beginning of the HIV / AIDS in Spain at the beginning of the 80's and up to now, the Autonomous Community of Madrid, is one of the geographical areas of Spain with a higher number of incidence and prevalence in children with HIV infected vertical transmission (mother to child), so the purpose of this study was to determine, with objective data from a longitudinal study, retrospective and prospective, in a sample with a significant number of cases (427 HIV-infected children ), the reality of the situation of HIV / AIDS in vertically infected children treated in hospitals in tertiary care and referral for HIV + from the Autonomous Community of Madrid: General Hospital Universitario "Gregorio Maranon," Hospital "Doce de Octubre Hospital La Paz, Hospital Carlos III, "Hospital" Prince of Asturias "Hospital" Child Jesus, "Blackburn Hospital and Hospital Leganés. At all times has enjoyed the cooperation of Pediatrics Medical specialists in the treatment of HIV infection to understand the demographic and clinical characteristics of these children are HIV +. Have been studied: * The spatial distribution of HIV / AIDS by vertical transmission in children with HIV at a local level, as is the Autonomous Community of Madrid, locating geographic areas (at the level of municipalities and districts) with higher rates of illness pediatric. * A number of variables to monitor the disease (% CD4 level immunological and viral load level virologic) with a descriptive and explanatory purpose, to analyze the situation immunological and virological. Along with a range of demographic variables with a descriptive and explanatory aims to analyze the epidemiological situation of pediatric infection. * According to the different diagnostic methods used during the history of the HIV epidemic in Spain, knowing the time it takes to diagnose the infection in a child born to a mother infected with HIV. * At all times have been analyzed therapeutic combinations most appropriate llegadon to the conclusion that antiretroviral therapy or HAART high efficiency is the most effective infection control both virological, immunological and clinical. * Know directly the evolution of the HIV epidemic in children, noting that reduces the number of children infected each year. * Given the importance that the presence seems to have more people each year from abroad, in this report has included a study of HIV infection in children. * Finally, and of great importance is the study carried out in order to understand and analyze the economic costs to society posed antiretroviral treatment of children with HIV or AIDS has emerged as applied and the different antiretroviral therapies.

Author: PIÑEIRA MANTIÑÁN M. JOSE.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE XEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTADE DE XEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: Throughout this research work defined the factors involved in the process of shaping the urban structure of a city, as well as the linkages between them, tamando as a model for implementing a mid-size city like La Coruña . After a first chapter theoretical based on a systemic approach, the evolution of growth that we had this city situated on the current urban reality, which is beginning to look at how the elements of a formal nature (morphology and cityscape) and those of type of processes (demography, economic activity) are conducted over the city, resulting in the formation of different neighborhoods with a idiosingrasia particular, but that only make sense within a whole, as the town.

Author: GARZA FLORES RODOLFO.
Year: 2004.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This research has been done in a Mexican National, due to the problems caused by Environmental Solid Waste RSM, at the stage of final disposal of the areas denomiadas as Handles Municipal TM; conducted this study in the municipalities of Area conurbated of Tampico, Madero and Altamira, located in the southern portion of the State of Tamaulipas, ZCTMA. This research was analizqa the Natural Environment, Social and location of TM in the lower parts of the municipalities that make up the ZCTMA, describing further the typology, Generation and Treatment of RSM in the country; Likewise, it makes a synthesis study, supported by four windows in the areas designed as TM-the first with Fotointerpretación Air 1976 and 1995, the second through the design sheets for the Identification and Characterization of Landscape; the third through the Surveys residents of the surrounding areas, and the fourth through the Matrix Analysis in the Identification, Characterization and Assessment of Environmental Impact. The conclusions which are set out in this investigation conducted TM for the ZCTMA have been analyzed and classified according to the factors involved in decision-making as are the technical, economic, political, social, legal, regulatory, cultural and environmental; which is relevant in the national context, given the urgency on the part of the Local Authorities and demand of civil society primarily as a sustainable option for the analysis and sanitation in the areas designed as TM.

Author: PIRES ROSA M. MANUELA.
Year: 2004.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: In recent decades, the Western world has experienced an economic growth based primarily on an unlimited material progress that aims to satisfy fully the wishes of quality of life of human beings. However, the cumulative and synergistic effects of this type of development cause serious problems ecological, environmental, territorial, social and economic issues, both at local, regional and global.La perception of these problems has led to new perspectives on the development and sustainability can be translated into new dynamics of social change, political and cultural that must be addressed in the organization of the territory. In the transport sector, the car has become the means of transportation dominante.Los heavy flows of people and goods associated with the economic models and territory in the western world and lifestyles, rise, global problems as global environmental uncertain climate variability on a regional scale territorial imbalances and widespread public health problems, and local social problems as the risk of road accidents and the social exclusion of those who have no car. So, some reflections on new ways to solve the movilidd than through the continued construction of infrastructure and that this would not only increase the flow of tráfico.Para achieve a reduction of traffic flows on all motorized individual must be taken in the new approach to predict and prevent the transport planning and the organization of the territory, as well as evaluation and decision-sharing, which proposes a new culture of intervention transdisciplinar planners of the territory.

Author: TAVEIRA JOSÉ CARLOS.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTÓRIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA HUMANA.

Summary: Any local initiative for development, it is to consolidate and become effective lever local development requires Planning. In Brazil, and throughout the world, planning the network of relationships involving territorial housing is still a new art or emerging, which is why some hits and committed many errors. Through these findings, disafío largest in this Doctoral Thesis is to seek the understanding of the implications of the use of land for the habitaicón, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. There can be no talk of local development as long as there are victims of the concentration of forces of modern production. The increase in the unemployment rate, the decline in family income and the high rate of urban growth are some of the cyclical factors directly responsible for finding solutions habitaiconales alternatives, which can not be met by the Brazilian real estate market. However, far from claiming to be a manual for procedimietnos Civil Engineering for the construction of low-income housing, we reflect on this thesis on the creation of innovative activities for local development, through a collective project of cooperation and community involvement, as is the case the use of the system construction Beno in mutiroes. In the cuts presented here, which are in line with our engineering training, we seek to link knowledge of the reality of Campo Grande, with the development of alternative techniques of construction and involvement of the population, seek a refinida approximation of the understanding of the Brazilian reality with our investigation. KEYWORDS Room Brazil, Local Development, room, Campo Grande, Social Policy, Public Policy, Urban Management, Organization of the Territory.

Author: BLANCO ROMERO ASUNCIÓN.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE FILOSOFÍA I LLETRES.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Summary: In recent times we are seeing major structural changes in rural areas, restructuring which involves changes in the labor market, income family units, in the patterns of occupation and territorial location. This research focuses on a topic related to pioneers new initiatives taking place in rural areas, such as telecommuting, according to a methodological approach from the geography of gender and regional analysis examines the role information technology and communications (ICT), and specifically telecommuting as an alternative for the future development of rural areas and their populations, particularly women. Based on three areas (Catalonia, and Quèbec Ardèche), provides a state of affairs so as to conduct a comparative analysis of various aspects of telework -técnico, legal and the labor as a possible alternative development in the current context economically and socially. The adoption of strategies based on the upgrading of resources to support new initiatives for local job creation, currently appearing as the only possible way of livelihood of rural areas. In this regard the current evolution of technology and the so-called "motorways of the comunicaicón" can be considered as a possible alternative development for certain backward areas through the relocation of certain jobs in rural areas or rururbanos if combined with the indisputable possibilities that ICTs provide. In this regard telework, inscribed in the globality of teleactividades, can be an alternative more to facilitate integration into the labor market of the rural population, especially for women and youth. ICTs need of major infrastructure support, which makes modular territory. Thus, the current design and equipment differently, ICT infrastructure, depending on the region, represents a new approach hierarchy of space, so the availability of ICTs stands as a key element in the process of feedback from the development zones , making the territory a generator active resource and strategic possibilities. The specific regional legislative, economic, social and employment, also pose significant differences in relation to the type of work done remotely, and an appreciation that people who have performed it. It is concluded that the ICT is not a panacea for the territories in crisis. For that teleworking is a real alternative, we need a sum of propitious circumstances: In addition to employees, we need a full-time, have a clear professional project and a high level of training, which includes skills and technological skills. Also essential is the driving force of the companies that are interested in saving some costs, will be able to generate jobs that could be developed at a distance and therefore if teletrabajos. Equally critical is the role of government, which should encourage job creation and infrastructure equitably, reducing the relocation, and provide support for training and technical equipment adapted, if they wish to encourage the emergence of teleworking. In this line, requires aismismo measures to promote access to the work of women and the general population (access to services Guarderia, flexible schedules, and so on.), To promote equity in employment, facilitating the work it is a real alternative to working conditions or the current working hours.

Author: PIEDRAHITA CASTAÑO GABRIEL.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FAC.DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA DE LA UNIV. COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID.

Summary: It opens with this thesis for the first time in Human Geography, a line of investigation that has enabled us to develop methodological tools to learn, interpret and planning aspects of minority religions, in its dual integration and conflict in our society and Madrid area. As methodological sequence, both for the development of this research as well as in his presentation, I shall build and based on the standard question-answer and to deal with aspects of which are as follows: PART ONE:.  Why my interest in religion? .  Why is it necessary to clarify some concepts? .  What is the relationship between the phenomena of globalization, immigration and religious minorities? .  What examples of integration and religious conflicts can submit All these questions have to respond within a conceptual framework and theoretical development, taking as a reference to various authors, some as controversial as Huntington and Sartori, but also to others who are more consensus as Kepel, Rappaport, Giddens, and teachers Gimenez, Malgesini and Prat among others. In the second part of the research questions are about  Who are these religious minorities?  Where are located?  How many are they? This paragraph seems to us extremely important because the phenomenon of integration or religious conflict does not occur in the abstract, because people related or not with other cultures, interact in specific geographic areas and represents a more or less cuantitativo.Para so we developed a comprehensive field work from congregations attached to the Spanish Ministry of Justice, which are translated into unacartografía, asícomoun census ambosinéditosen the region, in the third part of this investigation, the question is  How are perceived by the religious minorities the host society Madrid? And we have also carried out a field work using tools such as surveys and interviews. And the fourth and final part deals with the conclusions:  What is the diagnosis? Where are the weaknesses, opportunities, threats and strengths of this phenomenon.

Author: GONZÁLEZ CALLE JORGE LUIS.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: The research part of the question by the need to territorialise studies históticos or, in other words, a personal concern for specialization in the Historiography contemporanea. From this perspective, it is assumed as a starting point, a criticism of the way the geography and history have thought changing space as a field of study in each discipline, or as a meeting place to think common problems, a middle ground, which could be termed Historical Geography, Geohistoria or Geography in hindsight. From this discussion, proposes a reading of the city of Ibagué from spatial configurations involving the territory. The investigation deals with taking into account three territorial units: the city in the region, the city and its urban setting, and changes in urban living. From this perspective addresses the urban history of the city since the late nineteenth century, as a history of the area in relation to the various social forms established therein. At first discusses the importance within the regional urban concert: City of step Hierarchies regional economy and population, and then. Happening to the study of the evolution of its structure: migration, growth poblaciona ¡physical limitations of the city for finally entering into shaping the intimate space in the city, ie changes in the housing and the way of living, over the period chosen. It was part of a large-scale analysis of the territory, reaching a level that far is defined as the study of intimate space, as studied by the history of mentalities, but so little definidoen terms space, such historiográfica flow. In this transit in the territorial analysis, it is proposed a new look at the city of Ibague, leaving large quantities of veins for future research in this Colombian city.

Author: VELAZQUEZ CHONA LUIS RICARDO.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HÍSTORIA.

Summary: This thesis has focused especially on two of the elements that make up a system of innovation: Administration and empresa.Los specific targets have been siguientes.En First analyze how the various policies, planers and environmental programs, affect innovation environmental companies located in the middle rural.En Secondly discuss how environmental policies are contributing to the diffusion of innovation environmental areas rurales.En Thirdly apply the concept of environmental competitiveness of the territories made porel LEADER European Observatory, the analysis of the environmental improvement of business and valuation of these comarcas.En Fourthly, to propose concrete measures to improve the dissemination of environmental innovation in systems innovacón local rural areas, and thus improve environmental competitiveness of rural areas, based on companies (and local actors interacting). He counted three fases.En firstly the development of the methodology (precedents, objectives, assumptions starting phases and information sources). Secondly, the theoretical framework of environmental innovation of enterprises, where he examines the concept innovation and its dimensions were takes a look at innovation from the business perspective to the territories innovative studies, such as integrating the environment in the innovation system, analyzing, then what is the role of the subsystems company - Administration; withthe analysis to determine the compoetitividad medioambiental.En Thirdly territorial application, the case study (through 18 interviews with actors locales-empresas, local government associations and local support centers to the enterprise and 43 polls 11 and 50 employees) concerning three local production systems in rural areas with different socio-economic development (Massif, Croig, Vall d'Albaida and Garrotxa), to ascertain the degree of involvement of businesses and local actors in relation to the environment environment assess the environmental competitiveness of these territories (through a pricing model based on three factors: shares of innovation, interaction and networking perception of the area) and make proposals to improve the dissemination of environmental innovation in rural areas (seventeen different ), and thus the environmental competitiveness. It verified the assumption of departure: the territories environmentally more competitive, based on the entire local system, are connected, in rural areas, with the level of socio-economic development alcanzado.Pero has also been found that even in these rural areas The environmental innovation is very little implanted in SMEs, so we can only speak in general, small mejoras.El case study of the three counties, has brought a wealth of information covering, alos local actors acting in them, shares in innovation, the networks of interaction, the perception of the environment and the role of Administración.La assessment of the environmental competitiveness of rural areas, depending on the factors that have been discussed, has resulted in a ranking of the three counties study, which has demonstrated a more competitive environment in the territory of the Garrotxa front of the Vall d'Albaida and Massif Caroig. On the other hand brought a series of recommendations for improving the environmental competitiveness in the local systems, which take into account both the factors as obstacles to innovation and momentum that have been directed to all local actors (joint awareness the environmental problems and mechanisms for consultation), government (inform, train, protect and provide technical and financial aid to rural SMEs), business (the environment as an opportunity, strengthening alliances environmental, and so on. ), the local partnership (professionalization of 8 the t 6cc ipo corporate involvement of unions and environmental associations) and centers tecnologícos and training (building improvements and where they do not exist). Lastly have exposed a number of new avenues of research, root of this thesis doctoral.Una first track is a function of the validity of the concept of environmental competitiveness, based on the business fabric of the territories rurales.Una second track of research provides analysis from the perspective of innovation of local systems, taking into account the environmental improvements of pymes.Otra of contributions is the study of environmental interaction networks through the synthesis of information from the interviews and surveys, contributing to the interpretation of local systems through the construction of graphs containing synthetic relations between enterprises and the various local players in the various fields of action territorial working.

Author: VACAS GUERRERO TRINIDAD.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA . UCM..

Summary: This doctoral thesis aims at the analysis of one of the most evocative and for the development of cultural tourism: museums, in order to ascertain its current state and its status as a resource to supply turístico-cultural an important destination as is the city of Madrid. The elements are interrelated: museums and tourism, through the study of geographic them. The first chapter is devoted to the demarcation theoretical and methodological research, with the approach and objectives, the conceptual delineation of the phenomenon of tourism inputs from the Museology, especially recent changes produced within the same developers vocation social museum, as well as the scientific methodology applied. The second chapter describes the current tourist and museum of the city of Madrid looking for the relationship between museums and tourism. It presents the city as a destination turístico-cultural, through the description of the supply, demand and tourism policy, while outlining the many significant cultural resources it possesses. It then sets out the museums and collections in the city of Madrid through an inventory of them and discusses the museums of the "Art Walk" and the significant changes and additions being made in all three museums, and urban projects that will develop in the area where they are located and the immediate environment. The third chapter provides an analysis of all the museums and collections Madrid (91 altogether), considering the following aspects: general characteristics and technical, infrastructure, equipment and services, publications and activities, human and financial resources, accessibility, visitors , promotion and dissemination, and relations with the tourism sector. The fourth chapter is devoted to the findings and conclusions that we have reached after the investigation conducted, ending with a list of bibliographical sources consulted, and two annexes: Questionnaire and thematic cartography.

Author: SPARRER MARION.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOGRAFÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA.

Summary: Since its inception rural tourism was formulated as an agent of dynamic local and regional economies as a development strategy that offers an economic alternative to agriculture and to promote better living between rural and urban populations. In this thesis we understand the rural town not only as an economic activity but also link directly to rural development. The programs of the European Union rural tourism should be a way so social implications (the participation of women, etc.). As economic. This is a very clear difference with other types of tourism as the traditional sun and sand or snow even though they may also have a social function are mainly economic activities. The main objectives of this analysis are: Whether rural tourism is an activity consisting in space, which reflects on the rise, and that allows the active participation of local people, or whether these theoretical implications are reduced to a mere cliché; analyze how influences the location of the homes of rural tourism in different geographical areas (Coast / interior) in the operation of this type of tourism; contrasting perceptions of the managers of the establishments with those of tourists accommodated; from a gender perspective considering that the role played by women in rural tourism. The scope of study is in Europe. We have compared the town in the province of A Coruna, Galicia, Spain, and agrotourism in the Landkreis Wittmund, East Friesland, Germany. We have based on the technique of qualitative exploration, conducting in-depth interviews with leaders of the houses in town in the province of La Coruña and farms agroturísticas in Landkreis Wittmund, plus interviews standardized to tourists staying in them. The thesis is divided into seven parts: introduction, delineation and theoretical situation of rural tourism, rural tourism analysis in the province of A Coruna, Galicia, analysis of agri-tourism in the Landkreis Wittmund, East Friesland, comparative analysis between the two areas of study , conclusions and literature. The most important are: In the province of La Coruña rural tourism is not just integrated into the rural areas, so the theoretical implications become mere cliché. This implies the absence of a direct link between tourism and is the rural area that serves only as a support and the absence of a system for this type of tourism. We have seen some confusion at the time to understand the term rural tourism and people tend to identify only with accommodation. In addition, the offer draws tourists from other systems and tourist trips to destinations conventional. In A Coruna rural tourism is a relatively isolated and that lack synergy between the houses of rural tourism associations, and government agencies. The town also is marketed as a product linked to a destination. Have yet to be formed or tourist regions has defined a tourist profile. Therefore, rural tourism is not dynamic enough rural areas. Agritourism in the Landkreis Wittmund is more integrated in the rural areas that rural tourism in the province of A Coruna although not entirely. This is because there is often a direct link between one of the productive activities of rural areas, agriculture and tourism. On the other hand, demand from the farm looking Frisian contact with the agricultural world and tourists staying much of the time on farm building on the offer directly or indirectly linked to the rural world. However, the image receiving tourists from agriculture does not correspond at all with reality as it is based on stereotypes of farms of the past. Although agritourism in Wittmund seems more integrated, demand also draws on the supply of systems tourism on the coast. Tourists enjoy equally if 8 stemas t 43c urísticos of coastline as adjuncts to supply agroturística. Then, also in Wittmund, agrotourism would be designed as an alternative to conventional housing. In both areas of rural tourism study reinforces the traditional role of women in the domestic sphere and the division of roles focuses on stereotypes. Because of the overlap in its various functional women are not perceived as rural tourism.

Author: GIFFONI SILVEIRA M. AUXILIADORA.
Year: 2004.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTADE DE XEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTADE DE XEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA. DEPARTAMENTO DE XEOGRAFÍA.

Author: Vidaña Fernández Luís.
Year: 2004.
University: ISLAS BALEARES [www.uib.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras.

Summary: The thesis examines the migration of naciolidad foreign to the autonomous region of the Balearic Islands in the period 1996 and 2003, at which time there has been a heavy influx of immigrants to the point of representing the foreign population resident for 16% of the total population. Of this, which is analyzed from the point of view of the demographic and optical integration to the education system by people from abroad between the ages of 3 and 18 years, stemming a whole series of conclusions which they endanger the existence of a cohesive society balear. We provide a wide range of suggestions on the strategies to follow with regard to the admission and integration of new residents to avoid the same mistakes that have taken other European countries such as France, Germany or England, in their respective immigration policies . In relation to the causes of these international migration towards Balearic archipelago, the thesis makes a special impact on the factors of expulsion or departure, especially economic and attraction, explained by the strong growth of the economy in the Balearic study period , especially in the fields of construction and services (tourism, trade, ...). This strong growth has created a strong demand for hand with another from outside (other autonomous communities and abroad). The traditional model of foreign immigration from the main tourist markets of Baleares (Germany, UK, France, Switzerland, Netherlands, etc.) has modificiado substantially during the nineties and has become a model that makes dual It sets forth the thesis, which consists of the convergence numerically balanced between foreigners coming from the first world countries or developed and foreigners from the third world or underdeveloped countries, with different motivations, engaged in economic activities in the area of differentiated destination, which set their residence dentre different locations of the Balearic Islands, and so on. In sístesis, seeks to contextualize the phenomenon of international migration today, the result of globalization, in a small and isolated territory as is the Balearic Islands, introducing the economic difficulties which represents an increase in the population as spectacular and plural, but with the idea of depth that is a positive development, rich in all aspects (economic, cultural, social, educational, etc.). long as they are put in place appropriate instruments inside the line of an intercultural integration, in order to promote a "society Balearic future "cohesive.

Author: Brinckmann Wanderleia Elizabeth.
Year: 2005.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: Dpto Geografía Física, Humana y Análisis Regional.
Place of preparation: Departamento de Geografía Física, Humana y Análisis Regional.

Summary: The objective of this work is to investigate the paradigms of managing water in Spain and Brazil, using as a hub of analysis people's participation in this process. The methodological approach that we have followed has led us to believe the people as subjects of the participatory process management by providing a way to make management from a different perspective. To solve the approaches we introduced in the theoretical debate on interdisciplinary water management being done today in the fields of international Geography, especially without forgetting what is being done in Spain and Brazil. Following this incursion, arduous and very rewarding course, we realized that conducting an inquiry into the management of water from the perspective of participation had its demands because it is a way to separate management, which takes about budgets theorists and methodological own (PAULO FREIRE, 1980), because the existing ones can not explain the paradigm of participation (MILTON SANTOS, 1996). Participation in the management, it is understood as a field of action, analytical perspective or new area of research, which questions the role of civil society in socioeconomic development and environmental conceiving society as a subject knowledge and processing agents . This new analytical perspective have drunk of Social Sciences as anthropology, sociology or the New Social History. Precisely this was one of the most serious problems that we were facing, the diversity of approaches that address the disciplinary study of water management (economic, anthropological, philosophical, sociological among all possible), because in each discipline are continuing addressing the issue in isolation without considering the different aspects that influence in management. The timeframe that contextualiza item is the twentieth century. Sintetizamos in temporary tables paradigms of managing water in Spain and Brazil. In Spain, the beginning of a process or intellectual dynamics will be generating a discourse on the need to regularize the use of water in an area which suffered from shortages of both structural and cyclical shortage of water. But what basically is going to make a break with previous phases, which will be managing the waters begin to occupy a space for reflection on the speech, as an act clearly propositivo. Although the topic of water management is provided by different researchers, the focus of people's participation in this process is still nascent and we are faced with a research project, where the focus of analysis will be participation. However, the theme of "water management", it has been worked over in their various shades of researchers from Spain and Brazil, on the line to publicize information on this subject alerting the public about the consequences of the mismanagement of property essential to life. Works that have served as benchmarks required and that would allow us to have a panoramic view of the processes that operate in both territories. We also have been very useful work which have deepened in the discussion of thematic management and regulation of water use from different fields (law, sociology, social sciences, economics, education, education, etc.) to focus on issues that revolve around disentangle issues such as: Water Policy (Spanish and Brazilian), laws and codes of water hydrographic confederations (in Spain) and committees watershed (in Brazil), participatory management (in the state of Rio Grande do Sul River Basin of Rio Pardo). That means production is extensive literature available and has served to contextualize and contrast the general framework of our investigation. From here we raised was the need to make the Participatory Action Research (PAR) 8 R 15cc ealizar local and regional studies to review the specifics of participatory management, developed at the Pardo River Basin so that, with the help of Carlos Andre Brinckmann, scholarship project 'Civil Society Participation and Land Management. The participatory management of water in the River Basin of the Rio Pardo ', we introduce in this field of research. In this section we have worked together with the Committee Pardo which has enabled us to confirm the feasibility studies to develop local and / or regional, also in the future could open new areas of research in the following lines: 1) To observe how point participation in management is viable in the other watersheds of Brazil. 2) To examine the specific process of participatory management in the basins of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. 3) And finally, in the future, make the experience of participatory management method Participatory Action Research (PAR) in the field of other basins and other countries. Although sometimes result of a methodological eclecticism, there has been an erroneous link between theoretical statements (from the hard sciences) and approaches reflexión-acción used. One of the most important contributions that he has received part of this thesis studies geographic analyzed has been the adoption of the concept of watershed as the management area, as has enabled us to understand to know about water management requires information , education, commitment and capacity for action. This knowledge must be contextualized not to be anachronistic, and aespacial timeless, as the paradigms of management are subject to profound changes occurring on the territory. A second contribution has been to claim the diversity within the category management, this will lead us to an analysis arising from the experience of different groups of people, 'knowledge leading to transform the popular word in action' (PAULO FREIRE, 1980) in their relationship to information and education for management. It should alert the reader that the issue that this thesis discusses among our priorities has been the expose all available information on 'paradigms of managing water' into two territories as diverse if, as are Spain and Brazil. This way of addressing the issue is not without risks, is the heaviness of the speech (which sometimes seems to be just descriptive, as in the geography of scans), especially in the chapters dealing with systematize the characteristics of paradigms management analyzed in the territories, but had to make that sacrifice for the sake of thoroughness and detail, given the importance of the topic at hand. The water management involves profound change in ethics as a productive factor of pure water should be seen as a move to "Assets Ecosocial", which happens to require that consideration be given in the management, "all possible measures that could influence the achievement the objectives of improving the status of water bodies, and reducing the pressure necessary to achieve these objectives. " (DMA 2000/60/EC PEREZ PEREZ 2003rd and 2003b) It is also understood that the strategy for solving the problem of water should be defined for the country as a whole and must be agreed with neighboring territories, as most of the basins hydrographic and units aquifer extends beyond each state. Besides the territorial model established in each National Constitution should make it necessary coordination between the various administrations to resolve imbalances interregional. Notwithstanding the conservative and partidarista of management paradigms in Spain and Brazil, today, can be seen the emergence of a trend for renewal, and the creation of a conceptual discussion, theoretical and methodological around the water management in both countries . Dan mind, the working groups that exist in various agencies and institutions, such as Hydrographic Confederations Spanish, Brazilian Basin Committees, the Congress and national and international seminars on managing water, the Water Framework Directive of the European Union The National Water Agency and the new National Water Policy in Brazil, courses created at universities both in Spain and Brazil account for the renovation that begins to happen. Equally conducting conferences and scientific meetings around the issue of water management, publishing works that have water and uses as its protagonists, made from various disciplines such as geography, sociology, economics, law, among others.

Author: DOS SANTOS JACINTA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: UCDB.

Summary: The contents of this thesis are arranged in a context that includes structural and social spatial concepts. Among the spatial concepts are environmental issues, and urban planning. Already in the social concepts highlighted the phenomenon of exclusion and public policies relating to solid waste and the issue of garbage collectors in the city. Thus, the object of study is social exclusion incorporating urban issue, the environmental issue, territory and the politics of garbage. The urban question is one of the factors in this research, as in the urban space is where occur all forms of social relations, either at the center or in the suburbs of the city. The environmental issue is consistent with the social represented, in this case, by the people who live their waste. The use of the land is making it the subject of social analysis, a significant number of people living on the collection of recyclables in the landfill. The initial chapter is a methodological approach aimed at structuring and developing the study in question. In this regard, Outlook and Structure Research is the key issue that guides this chapter. The second chapter is the investigation turned to the issue of sustainable human development, in principle elucidando the concept, noting differences, disputes and conflicts. The third chapter is based more specifically social exclusion; correlated to the exclusion are the concepts of poverty and informality. The informal work will be handled within the country and the municipality, especially as the poor are developing this activity. The study of the urban area of Campo Grande is one of the main concepts tried in the fourth chapter, as well as the urban policy related to the environment. There is also reference to the set of factors related to the training space of the city from their primoridios until the occupation of urban current site. The fifth chapter is based on two key concepts: waste and society. It is also working concepts: development and consumption accounted for the increase in waste. The sixth chapter is configured as an analytical study. Here, morphological features, functional and socio neighborhood Lageado. The seventh chapter is also in a block of analytical studies. It looks at the perceptions of pickers against changes imposed by the Public Power in connection with the landfill. KEY WORDS: Social exclusion, urban issues, environmental issue, territorial issue.

Author: DEMARCO MARTINS CID ISIDORO.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA HUMANA.

Summary: Rural settlements are one of the most important manifestations of the processes of Agrarian Reform and the area dynamics of the movements of struggle for land in Brazil. This thesis presents the potential of rural settlements of Agrarian Reform in the State of Mato Grosso do Soul experiences as interest parala investigation led known viable alternatives to promote a new sustainable development in rural areas. After an analysis on the land issue and on attempts to promote the redistribution of land through public policies, in Brazil and in Mato Grosso do Sul, and an investigation very worked on rural settlements in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul - conclusions on the results of the investigation carried out-and aimed at highlighting the opportunity proposes the implementation of the principles of the approach of Local Development, as a strategy alternative to traditional modes of centralized promote improvements in the lifestyle of the small farmers in rural areas.

Author: ROMERO MARQUES HEITOR.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This thesis is the description and analysis of an investigation that sought to answer the question: Â What is the relationship between schools and local sustainable development and human scale?. Its objectives are as follows: 1-GENERAL: Diagnose the relevance of secondary education and social representations of their players, as a factor of sustainable local development on a human scale, in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. 2-Specific: A-Demonstrate the relationships between local sustainable development on a human scale, secondary education and social representations in the local actors. B-To demonstrate the dominance of representation in the formulation and development of social representations of the students in the secondary education field Grande. C-Know and demonstrate the strongest reasons from the point of view of teachers, pupils and parents of some who are crucial to the retention and migration of young people in Campo Grande. D-Make a fabric concept on local sustainable development on a human scale. E-roads and offer suggestions for innovative educational projects with a view to sustainable local development. The investigation of qualitative nature adopted as a procedure for collecting data participant observation and structured interviews no-directivas and polls opened, in addition to reviewing literature. Big Country is the result of a marked mix of races, including the Japanese, Syrian, Paraguayan, Spanish, etc.. These people came to the principle Great Field with hope of riches, then came for other reasons, including searching for a school for their children. Even today many people to migrate in search of Campo Grande preparatory courses for selectivity and also because they want to study at a faculty. The analysis found conceptual changes on the local, especially in the sense of space, territory, community, place and landscape. It has been proven that local sustainable development on a human scale project involves a man and therefore of society, why are important objectives and purposes of education existential nature, axiological and theology, properly described. The kind of education that best serves the local development with sustainable human dimension is the transformative rather than the traditional conservative reproducing social injustices. Education reform Brazilian by Law 9394/96 permitted to start an education which fosters local development, and both the curriculum of secondary education is structured: A-languages, codes and their technologies. B-Sciences nature, mathematics and technology. C-human sciences and technologies. This is the possibility of basic preparation for work. They are predominant representations on the idea that the school until today is more interested in the question of admission of students in college and not in the territory and their players. Sien, the school can be seen as support for a new approach to local development and therefore the points of challenges, suggestions and innovations are: A-Sustainability. B - Basic needs of human beings. C-action school. D-local projects, job opportunities and participation. E - The middle school and the integrated analysis of the territory. F - The middle school with community support. G - The middle school and conventions as a tool for local development. H-culture as a factor for local development with human face.