POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY

Author: CELORIO PRIETO JOSÉ MANUEL.
Year: 2004.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Summary: This thesis examines as the Lome Convention, signed between the EU and the ACP group of countries, hindering the integration of the Caribbean. This work follows two lines of analysis: the boom in the integration and the EU's external action. The process of economic globalization and the overcoming of the bipolar world has led to the redefinition of a new international arena and the revival of the integration processes. Moreover, the integration of Europe, which was launched in making the European Economic Community has influence beyond its geographical boundaries. The SEC, and now the European Union, has the legal capacity to enter into agreements with third countries. One manifestation of this capability are the Lomé agreements, which since 1975mantiene privileged relations with the group and ACP countries. This agreement, despite having among its objectives encouraging regional integration, has slowed integration processes in the Caribbean to enhance the fault lines between the parties potentially to integrate the Hispanic Caribbean, on the one hand, and the Dutch, French and British on the other. Caribbean in the region, with strong tensions of a social, political and economic dating back to colonial times, the policies of trade preferences and fmancieras, conducted by the CEEIUE within Lome, have heightened the tension between caribbean and Hispanic tradition of Dutch, French and British. The socio-political conflicts that during the decades of the 70 and 80 hit several Central American countries widened the gap with the rest of the non-Hispanic Caribbean tradition. Missing these conflicts and overcome the bipolar order, Hispanic countries no longer have the same interest to join the ACP group, have been cheated by them and by the EU, and now look more to the north (BE.DU.) that Europe. The EC / EU, through the Lome Convention and its selective privileges to a part of the caribbean region has hampered the possibility of a wider regional integration.

Author: LAURÍN QUINTEROS ALICIA.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTÒRIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE GEOGRAFÍA I HISTORIA.

Summary: In the context of regional integration as sovereignty delos nation states would lose certain functions, especially those related to the territorial and border management, which puts the same concept in a crisis situation. That crisis predates the conceptualization of a sovereignty that is not even expiring defined. This thesis develops a proposal defining the problem - a lado- the issue and placing it in the historical process. Also addressing the parallel formation of the concept, its principles and preceptors. It is proposed to detect and understand any changes, in line with the changes in social environment. The framework of the ongoing processes of regional integration presents the particularity of submitting to "test" the validity of the concept created in the sixteenth century by Jean Bodín and lawyers at the time, to order a society that would culminate with the formation of the state as the form of social organization. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part of the body work is theoretical - methodological and is intended to define the concepts with which addresses the triad Estado-territorio-frontera. Initial assumptions that guided the search lead to the development of a theoretical body in which the Estado-poder, state and Estado-apartado, make up the core categories, and she territory and sovereignty are its constituent elements. The territory allows capturing the spatial dimension of sovereignty, which defined the fabric spatial scales as a double vertical and horizontal relationships. These make it possible to tackle the multiple relations between states, between states and the supranational institutions or similar regional management and links with their own societies and territories. The second and third part focuses on the analysis of the process of formation of the modern European state as there appear problems that gave rise to the creation of the concept of "sovereignty". While the Modern State as a form of social organization is common in the liberal society, the process that led to formation are different, ie training is a historically determined. Hence the need to analyze both the Modern European State and the State in Latin America. In the same section would address the State administrative apparatus because they are the structure of the material that the State uses to lead, manage, preserve, defend the territory and its society in all its dimensions. It also includes the formation of a European Union and MERCOSUR and its own administrative sections. This display allows the passage of the Nation State Regional Integration and the way it takes the exercise of sovereignty. The body of analytical research explains the formation of the state, bringing together the elements that make up the fabric of the process of formation of a social organization called the state. This process is acknowledged the constituent elements that were shaping the state training. The first factor on which was operated power, then the territory. Emphasis is placed in the spatial dimension of sovereignty and the exercise of the exclusivity policy. This route will be operated explains the change in the sovereignty of the state in cases of formation of regional blocs. The study focuses on regional blocs European Union and MERCOSUR supplemented with cursory analysis of two cases of different nature that would be after noting forms of union in which - although the economic dimension is variable explanation in both cases - is sovereignty at the base of both process although in a different sense. Such is the case of the former USSR and China. A quarter differs from the others that represents the synthesis of an analysis desgregado in a variety of bodies needed to understand the peculiarities of the problem that guided the investigation. This section would gather and integrate each piece examined, allowing in this way produce a nuev 8 or met her 51st tion, the results of which enabled advancing proposals for renewal concept around the concept of sovereignty. It represents the closure of the process of building knowledge, launched from a thesis and its opposite reaching synthesis, which match away from the starting point, and leaving open exceeds toward further research. The proposal to rethink sovereignty in the context of the new social reality and in the context of the geography discipline policy, found in the sovereignty of a new attribute conceptual acquired mobility. This allows aproximares better explanation of the phenomena of regionalization and to reflect that reality under the gaze of a sovereignty which takes mobility. The relationship movilidad-soberanía allows re-descubrir spatial dimensions substantially involved in the characterization concept of sovereignty.

Author: ORELLANA OSSANDÓN ARTURO MAXIMILIANO.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: UNVIERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.