HISTORY (3)

Author: GONZÁLEZ YANES JERONIMO.
Year: 2005.
University: LA LAGUNA [www.ull.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA.

Summary: This is a unique on the birth and development of the Academy of Medicine and the College of Physicians of Tenerife, in the framework of the territorial island and the context of the time, analyzing turn major health institutions, epidemics, professionals other entities involved and medical interest during that phase. From medicine catastrophic end of the nineteenth century through the penurais and health impacts caused by the colonial wars, the two world, civil war and the political effects of Governments and dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, II republic and Franco dictatorship, until the creation of the Faculty of Medicine and modern hospitals tenierfeños. In the early stages, the Academy is everything, regulatory body dela medical profession, adviser on health authorities, researchers and amateur center of scientific discoveries and advances, issuing reports and opinions on health policy, and its members are part the courts' access to health aplazas public. Over the years, the Academy will lose powers to remain with the current, the literary and dissemination of scientific developments. By contrast, the College of Physicians born to regulate the medical profession and combat intrusiveness in a time of chaos and conflict of jurisdiction between the different health professionals: veterinarians, pharmacists and practitioners, mostly. The membership of this body is required (the reverse of the academies, which was voluntary) for those graduates who wanted to pursue the medical profession, which together with the recovery of spilled patents and made them unpopular among physicians. Gradually will acquire new skills, convertiéndose in central reference professional scientific fields, professional, amateur and influence on health policy. All this at the expense in the academies, as the schools are developed they lose interest. At the end of the study, there is also the schools are losing skills, such as those related to employment areas from the arrival dela democracy is undertaken by unions.

Author: VILLALUENGA RUIZ DE INFANTE JAIME.
Year: 2005.
University: PAÍS VASCO [www.ehu.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.
Place of preparation: F. CC.SS. Y DE LA COMUNIDAD - UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS VASCO.

Summary: This thesis, framed between the years 1840 and 1875 that relate to the period between the First and Second Carlist Wars, refers to the dialectical relations maintained so triangular partnership between government, and the sprovincias Basque municipalities in which necesriametne emerged new power-sharing. In our case, we have done three levels of approximation. First has taken into consideration the political situation in the country, then we have analyzed the evolution of the Lordship of Biscay and, lastly, we wanted to see how the guidelines state affected provinces and two municipalities in the Left Bank mh Nervion: Portugalete and Baracaldo. We believe both municipalities clearly paradigmatic of the situaicón who was living Province since Portugalete, villa located at the estuary of the river, its economy based mainly in the service sector, while Baracaldo, as a anteiglesia, sabacab asus income of agriculture which, at certain times of year, were supplemented by products from the extraction of the ore from the mountains Triano and cartage up their ports of embarkation.

Author: CALVO FERNÁNDEZ JOSE MARIA.
Year: 2005.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: Jose Ramon de Arce was a cleric illustrated dramatically reached the summit of ecclesiastical power during the reign of Charles IV. Fuer archbishop of Burgos, Zaragoza, Inquisitor General, in addition to "favorite" Godoy, intimate José I, and the only prelate afrancesado who died in exile. Their work deserved criticism furibundas of historians and praise delos reactionary liberals. However, there were no documented studies on just "the last inquisitor of the Old Regime." In this thesis reflects the promotion, actions and hesitations of the prelate in a historic moment as complex survived the most dramatic crisis of the time.

Author: AZUAGA RICO JOSÉ MARÍA.
Year: 2005.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This thesis is composed of 20 chapters and a section of appendices. The first chapter is the introduction, which explains how emerged this study, the state of the question, the assumptions we ask, specifying the sources consulted and critically, and explains the methodology to be used and how we have focused our study. The structure of the thesis has followed some kind of chronological chapters and other theme-oriented. With regard to the first, starting from an analysis of violence on both sides during the Civil War, in order to discern the elements of continuity and change that were later. In the following three chapters studying the outlines of the actions of the guerrillas granadino-malagueña during the war and until 1947. He then addresses the political components of the guerrilla struggle, the nature of violence carried out by the Franco as the maquis, and analyzes years per year, developed in the main events, with some paragraphs relating to life everyday the maquis and the role of the Church. Among the findings, the key role it plays analysis of the causes of failure of the guerrilla struggle.

Author: MARIÑÓ BOBILLO M. CONSUELO.
Year: 2005.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: Through the role of traders who settled in this city attracted by the potential offered by its port, he examines the struggle between liberalism and absolutism and the changes prompted by the cascenso power of a bourgeoisie enriched with the colonial trade, maybe unintentionally, amended the urban habitat and social mores. Its economic potential conditioned his performances in all aspects from family life to religious concerns, through their participation in the political pronouncements. La Coruna, was not only the standard bearer of all the changes that have occurred in the then Kingdom of Galicia in the first third of the nineteenth century, but was seen proudly, Cadiz, the cradle of liberalism Spanish.

Author: LOZANO CUTANDA ALVARO.
Year: 2005.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTÓRIA.

Summary: The aim of the thesis has been rescued from oblivion to a figure of the first order of the Spanish diplomacy: Don Rodrigo Saavedra and Vinent, Marquis of Villalobar. This was a key figure in the foreign policy of King Alfonso XIII. Their friendship and ties with the Crown, he became an advocate for them in their diplomatic posts and incarnate as foreign policy that nobody wanted to carry out King Alfonso XIII. In London, undertook a difficult task of bringing King Alfonso XIII and the future Queen of Spain, Victoria Eugenia of Battemberg. In Portugal Villalobar lived through the revolution of 1910. His fear was that they would create a contagion effect that could put an end to the monarchy in Spain. Alfonso XIII, he saw problems in Portuguese is a possibility interventionism in the neighboring state. Its objectives were never clearly defined, however that "iberismo" was one of the constates the first period alfonsino that benefited from the invaluable collaboration of Villalobar in Lisbon. In Belgium Villalobar then acted as one of the best representatives of the humanitarian Spain. Villalobar again to share with the policy staff of the King and at the outset of the First World War, became the protector of the Belgian Minister. " During the conflict, Villalobar, devoted body and soul to soften the effects of the German invasion. The great merit of Ambassador Villalobar, was to overcome a serious physical disability and with a great will power, have come to represent Spain as Ambassador. This sobrehumana personal growth, coupled with its strong sense monarchic, aristocratic and humanitarian were constants in his life and profession.

Author: BORRELL TENA FERRAN.
Year: 2005.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.

Summary: In this paper we study, 15862 remains carved stone. 8951 - Arkarçay Tepe (Turkey) and 6911 of Tell Halula (Syria). Both sites are in the midst of the Euphrates valley. The material of lytic Tell Halula belongs to Phases Occupation 8 to 14 of this site dates between 7560 and 7320 Cal BC The material lytic of Akarçay Tepe comes from a sequence of layers ranging from 7580 to 6300 Cal.BC The objective of this work has been the characterization of the production process of lithic tools in both deposits, and by extension in the valley middle of the river éufrates, in the middle of VIIIÂ fourth millennium Cal.BC, and its evolution until the VIIÂ fourth millennium mid Ch. BC Contextualisation of these results within the midst of the Euphrates valley has helped distinguish two zones, with a series of specific traits and characteristics. It defines a first zone which occupies the northern half of the Euphrates valley, between the region of Adiyaman until Bireçik. The other area, southern ranges from Djerablous to the region Meyadin. The existence of these differences enters both areas also documented in other aspects materials, which suggests that we are dealing with two different social realities. These data contrast with the interpretations that have been proposed for the region which highlights a great cultural homogeneity of the region which emphasizes the continuity of settlement since it coming period (PPNA), as well as the vast geographical spread of such cultural homogeneity. This approach can be tempered based on the results obtained. In mid VIIIÂ fifth millennium Cal.BC, documented in the Euphrates valley half the emergence of a number of new towns (Halula, Akarçay, etc..). These villages evidence dense and continuous occupation of the Euphrates valley during the PPNB half, and the recent Pottery Neolithic. By contrast, the known deposits with previous chronologies not seem to have continuity. In early VIIIÂ seventh millennium, the middle of the Euphrates valley does not seem a densely populated region. It is hard, therefore, establish a relationship of direct continuity with the settlement of the late IXÂ fourth with large populations of new plants that appear in mid millennium the VIIIÂ eighth, questioning the continuity between the PPNB old and PPNB environment in the region. These evidences suggest a likely restocking or reoccupation of the valley via the Euphrates around 7700-7600 Cal.BC This reoccupation would be carried out by two different social formations, leading to the two areas that we have identified from analysis. We suggest that the origin of the population that sits in the northern half of the Euphrates valley, it could be the region's high Euphrates. The origin of the population which states in the south can not be clearly established. The second paragraph of results has been the evolution of the production of stone tools in both areas since mid the VIIIÂ fourth millennium Cal.BC, the VIIÂ meetings until mid millennium Cal.BC A common phenomenon is documented disinvestment in the production process stone. In both areas, around 7100-7000 Cal. BC, the production process has changed and subsequently undergo little change. These changes also are documented in various aspects of society. Such a transformation is the result of the consolidation and intensification of agricultural practices and livestock during the second half of VIIIÂ fourth millennium Cal.BC. The adoption and consolidation in a manner fully based on subsistence food production has involved a number of changes in social relations, an increase in social complexity and a change in the social value of certain production processes. This could be done by highlighting the emergence of some activities with a value of prestige or social status, emerging inequality soci 8 to and qui 1c8 zás a change in access to the means of production.

Author: MORONI MARISA ALEJANDRA.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEGOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: The objective of this thesis is to examine the practices and processes developed for justices of the peace in its role as a liaison between the judiciary, the law and people in a political space that arises as a result of the nationalization of the land in the internal frontier .

Author: MORENO JERIA RODRIGO.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA DE AMERICA.

Summary: This thesis is the central theme of the Jesuit mission in Chiloé during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In the research, then to make an introductory study of the history of the Society of Jesus and his missionary vocation, it is about the mission of the southern archipelago founded by the Provincial Father Diego Torres roll in 1608. The work emphasizes aspects missionary, economic and political rights and we can say that these aspects were the key to understanding the whole mission that the Jesuits conducted among Indians Huilliche, chonos, puelches and poyas. However, you can not understand the mission successfully without some of these aspects because the mission itself, with its ingenious method evangelizing could not have been sustained without self-financing and without the support of the ecclesiastical authorities and policies. For this reason was the confluence of several factors which made possible the consolidation of one of the most prominent missions that the company had in the American provinces.

Author: GUEVARA ERRA MARIA VICTORIA.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: The establishment of the missions of the Society of Jesus in California Peninsula low from 1697, was marked by the inability of those establishments to achieve autarky. For this reason, the Jesuits developed a complex system of financing and supplies to ensure its presence in so-distant territory. They formed part of it, located awarded by the Spanish crown, donations from individuals gathered in the Pious Fund, as well as the neighboring Jesuit Missions of Sinaloa and Sonora. The complex gear provoked fierce disputes with the Aboriginal people as well as mainland with the rest of the colonial society novohispana, and finally fragmentares and disappear after the expulsion of the Society of Jesus of Spain and his dominions in 1767.

Author: CODESAL PEREZ MATILDE.
Year: 2005.
University: SALAMANCA [www.usal.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This thesis has evolved from the belief the historic significance of the reign of Ferdinand VII in shaping the contemporary Spanish State and interest in delving into the evolution (poorly known in the city of Zamora) during the period. The election of its City Council as a reference is justified because it is an ongoing and vital means of expression of a community (or certain groups thereof) which, in turn, allows multiple deepen interaction with other scales of power and representatives institutional State fernandino. Research has developed over approximately ten years, with three stages quite defined. The first, focusing on the analysis of Sexenio absolutist, culminated with the reading of the dissertation on November 27, 1998. The next stage was geared to the entire reign fernandino and continued until the summer of 2000. I focused on the study of documents contained in various archives: the Provincial Historic Zamora, the two church in the city, and the Diocesan Mitra, and the County Council and the General Archive and the Simancas Chancery of Valladolid. I am particularly interesting were the records and books municipal accounting offices of an economic nature and correspondence from representatives of the Diocese with civilian and military authorities. But the results generally seemed barely satisfactory, given that the available data from sources not allowed to clarify many issues, made in hypothetical terms. Faced with the possibility to close the investigation, recapitulé on the journey, and at check recurring presence of personnel of the Army, I went to the General Military Archives of Segovia. The valuable and abundant material found there, on records professionals chiefs and officers who were in Zamora in this period, let me give the final impetus to the theory, but also slowed the process of analysis, it had to review and adjust everything developed so far, precisely on dates that the Provincial Historic Archive in Zamora was in the works and its funds were concentrated in a temporary location. In the spring of 2003 had been completed and the various chapters were already designed. Since that time, I proceeded to perform the overhaul, with particular attention to the formal aspects, following the sound and precise indications of the Director of Thesis, Don Mariano Esteban. Both the introduction as referee bibliographic have remained "open" until very recently, to incorporate new contributions to the publication. Apart from the vicissitudes I have already said, the analysis of the sources has been a slow and complex work, the incomplete nature of some documentary series of great importance, such as municipal records, and the dispersal presenting some materials, especially those in military affairs and municipal accounting. Beside that the existence or terms of localisms officers already obsolete, and the very future of the investigation have compelled me to make successive "emptied", as outlining more tracks and analyzes emerging new questions and checks.

Author: URBINA CARRASCO MARIA XIMENA.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This thesis deals with a border in southern Chile in the colonial period. This is a territory between Valdivia and Chiloè, south of the border Mapuche. One learns border relations of the two Spanish enclaves with the bias of junks and Huilliche, the two main ethnic until the early years of the restocking of Osorno, in the late eighteenth century. It addresses the issues of the search for Césares and Nahuelhuapi area of the lake.

Author: VÁZQUEZ CIENFUEGOS SIGFRIDO.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: The situation in Cuba between 1799 and 1812, is the subject of this investigation. This was a period in the history of Cuba, which until now had been treated recently, but has always indicated some hypotheses to explain the contact on the island: the presence of a mass of slaves and freed blacks, proximity and the example of insurrection in Haiti, and so on. These assumptions, however, are not tested. The failure of the attempt to erect in Havana a conservative Board of the rights of Ferdinand VII - such as those formed first in Spain and then in most Latin American capitals-not due, apparently, to those reasons, but rather distrust between different sectors of the military aristocracy, planters and traders habaneros. To understand this era has to be mindful of the personality and behavior of the then Captain General of Havana, the Marquis of Someruelos, which virtually ignored almost everything. Episodes of 1808 and subsequent years in Cuba, however, are of great importance. Thanks to them, Spain retained at least one major overseas colony, a colony which also weighed so sensitive in the domestic politics and international metropolis until the end of the century. It has become, therefore, highly desirable to carry out the investigaicón on the period around 1800 to learn about the "climate" of Cuban society, and mainly Havana, and his way of understanding the consequences of the Napoleonic invasion and the first steps towards the constitutional system on the island of Cuba.

Author: MOLINA CASTILLO MARIO JOSE.
Year: 2005.
University: SEVILLA [www.us.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: This study on the province of Veragua in the Kingdom of Earth firm or Isthmus of Panama, is a vast region of more than 28000 square kilometers occupied almost half of the aforementioned isthmus. Its content includes an erudite historical explanation of the economic and social life that took place in this province over the period above. Such topics are explained and analyzed through research study of the relations of production, structuring of society, population movement, urban studies, power relationships, life, relationship between classes and castes, where it is apparent why the slow cultural development, social differences, unequal distribution of wealth, greed for power and their marginalization in rural areas. This product of its peripheral location, a limited education, with a subsistence economy and low dependence of the activity of the Panamanian metropolitan transit, constituting a region highly rural and poor.

Author: GUTIERREZ CRUZ SERGIO NICOLÁS.
Year: 2005.
University: PAÍS VASCO [www.ehu.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE LA COMUNICACIÓN DE LA UNVIERSIDAD DEL PAÍS VASCO.

Summary: Study of a family home vasconavarro settled in the province of Chiapas colonial eighteenth century, which comprises three generations. It is considered his performance at the social, economic and political, so that addresses family origin, the seizure of estates and institutions chaplaincies, the exercise of public office, the involvement in trade, as well as their projection on the imaginary collective through positive images of altruism and sacredness. While focusing the investigaicón since 1750, takes into account the arrival of the founder in the decade of 1730 and concludes with political independence from Spain in 1821, with brief references to the story later.

Author: COIFMAN MICHAILOS DAVID.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA.

Summary: Study mainly the historical development of the style of ecclesiastical music in Venezuela during the bishopric of Don Mariano Marti (1770-1792). Includes 39 pieces of unpublished Venezuelan colonial repertoire of the late eighteenth century, written mostly by musicians from delos less advantaged sectors of society at the time, such as brown Jose Antonio Caro (1758 - ca.1817), Jose Francisco Velasquez (1755 -1805) and mulatto Juan Manuel Olivares (1760-1797). Composers related to the practice of the Tribune instrumental in the Cathedral Church, with the congregation of priests regular Oratory St.Philip Caracas chaired by the musician Pedro Palacios and Sojo (1739-1799) -tío grandfather of Simon Bolívar, the church and convent of San Jacinto Caracas and the brotherhood of "free brown" St. John the Baptist parish church of St. Mauritius. In the musical fabric of relations of these institutions are recognized for the first time the system of social and cultural influences on which the industry crioollo honored its so-called "nobility" Venezuelan to "confront" against rising political domination of the Spanish mainland because of the increasing economic and public benefits resulting from improved trade since the establishment of the Royal Company Guipuzcoana (1728). The deep cultural identification that is revealed in the defense Creole musicians performing their customs church cultivated mainly by musicians and brown colored Venezuelans during the decades of 1770-80, resulting in a clear strategy of exclusion of "foreigners" of this nationalist identification (festive, cultural and social), resulting in an inevitable loss anímica (of cultural identification) of the Spaniards with the Venezuelan daily life decades before verified that other political and economic independence in the province meant that the proclamation of the first government Creole hispanoamericano, April 19, 1810.

Author: CAMPOS CAÑIZARES JOSE.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA.

Summary: During the reign of Philip IV the noble salína to torear horse in the celebrations of the court came to be developed, carefully, in practice, those technical points that the same nobility from the tratadística taurine developed pair improving the fate of rejón, at the time that this activity reached remarkable popularity. From these normative texts of bullfighting equestrian served on the one hand, the social and cultural context in which the event occurred within festive courtier, in addition to arise primarily a wide range of resolutions techniques solventaran problems to facing rejoneadores that in exercising the task taurine, before an audience that is transmitting, through this event, a message of praise to the values of the monarchy and the aristocracy, with that perspective, it was the social elements underpinning of the show. In-depth analysis of bullfighting treaties of this period (sixteen texts in 45 years) allows us to reconstruct the reality of the practice taurine to facing guys who devised solutions for lots that remained in force in the bullfighting on horseback to mid - seventeenth century, storage and relief with the sword and one that I reach for success and the public in those years, the fate of rejón that, in the mounted to the jineta, became a spectacle of masses . It also allows us to address those aspects from the culture nobility were aposentaron in taurine activity to provide it with some kind of values that toreadores manifested in the bullring and regards education as the spectators were.

Author: CALERO DELSO JUAN PABLO.
Year: 2005.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID [www.uam.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS.

Summary: A story political, social and economic developments in the Guadalajara province since 1833 proclamation of the Second Republic. The axis articulated the thesis is the contrast between an elite liberal progressive who enjoys the political, economic prosperity and social supremacy for a century and a class worker who struggle to achieve their autonomy and conquer their participation in the provincial To It investigates the demographic and economic framework provincial explores the living and working conditions of workers and peasants and analyzes the organizations of the working class and those through which the bourgeoisie exercised charity. Finally, in the absence of an elite conservative in the province, devotes a section of opposition to progressive liberalism and the current popular emancipatory which is identified with the Catholic Church: Carlism and Social Catholicism.

Author: Martínez Fiol David.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: Història Moderna i Contemporània.
Place of preparation: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-Facultat de Filosofia i Lletres-Departament d'Història Moderna i Contemporània.

Summary: Analyzes the unionization of staff of the Generalitat of Catalonia during the years of the Second Republic and the Civil War. This analysis is based on two organizations specifically corporate officials of the Generaliat as were the Association Culture and Esport-Generalitat de Catalunya (ACE-GC) and the Association of Funcionaris of the Generalitat de Catalunya (AFGC). For years after the Civil War also takes into account sections of officials and organizations broader global Spanish as the UGT and the CNT. At the same time, analysis of these organizations or corporate unions to give an overview of the organization of state and public administration generally Spanish and Catalan during the thirties of the twentieth century.

Author: SIMELIO SOLÀ NÚRIA.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.

Summary: This dissertation examines the representation of social relations in four newspapers of general information in a key period of Spanish history ranging from the crisis in Franco (1974) to a date on which it can be regarded as a democracy is established formal ( 1984). Our research represents an important contribution compared to other studies in this area, as proposed and put to the test a methodology for analysis of the press that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. In addition, we examine the participation of the mass media in the persistence of discrimination and / or changes in the time of implantation of more pluralistic and democratic societies, and we appreciate their possible use as historical sources. We have analyzed all units of 11 copies communicative full from 121 variables. The analysis units totals are 3,298 spread between El Pais (425), La Vanguardia (970), El Correo Spanish / Basque Country (794) and ABC (1190). The total recorded data is 399,058. This research has verified the main scenario demonstrating that the role of the press during the Spanish political transition was to legitimize the hegemonic control of the public debate by the political class and media, reducing the plural citizenship to the limited and the role of passive spectator.