ANALYSIS LANGUAGE TRANSLATION NATURAL PRODUCTION DATA OF TWO CHILDREN TWINS BILINGUAL ENGLISH / SPANISH.Author:
Álvarez de la Fuente Esther.
Year: 2006.
University:
VALLADOLID.
Place of defense: Facultad de Filosofía y letras.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Filosofía y letras.
Summary: This research paper focuses on the study of one of the phenomena of language production more characteristic of the bilingual simultaneous acquisition is termed "natural translation" (TN), which is defined as those being made by bilingual speakers in everyday circumstances and without having received an education on the subject (Harris 1977). In our case, we have analyzed the production of TTNN two twins simultaneous bilingual English / Spanish included in a selection of data from the longitudinal study of Fernandez Strong et al. (2002-2005). The first part of that study, we started from the theoretical principles that are reflected in some of the specific studies of bilingualism from the perspective of Grammar Generativa, and specifically from the point of view of the Program Minimalista (Chomsky 1995, 1998, 2001; MacSwan 2000, 2005; Hornstein et al. 2005), as well as those studies related to the acquisition and development of languages in bilingual speakers. In order to locate the phenomenon of TN in studies of bilingual acquisition, we have raised the differences and similarities that exist TN with respect to other phenomena related to the mix of languages as the "sandwich codes" (Poplack 1980; Köppe and Meisel 1989; Lanza 1997; Genesee 2001; Liceras and Fernandez Strong 2005, etc.). order to clearly distinguish the two phenomena and, while giving the TN of its own identity. In the second part of this work, we have shown the role of TN both studies bilingualism as in the theoretical studies of translation. Thus, in the first case, the translation has been used as a method of inference models lexicons in the minds of bilingual speakers in general (Heredia and Brown 2004; Pavlenko 2000, among others) and in studies of simultaneous acquisition in particular (Nicoladis and Genesee 1998; Comeau and Genesee 2001, among others), in the second case, TN has been relegated to a comparison with the professional translation and, in many studies of this field, not even considered responsive to the concept of translation that part of these studies (Toury 1986; Newmark 1991; Neubert and Shrieve 1992, etc..). Unlike recent work, and as we propose in the third part of this study, we intend to demonstrate that the TN can be considered a language and communicative skills similar to other phenomena characteristic of the bilingual acquisition we can offer interesting facts about the grammatical and pragmatic competence of bilingual children. At the same time, we propose that the TN is an integral part of both studies child bilingualism as theoretical studies of translation, as a review of the procedures used by bilingual children to translate contributes to the description of how much competition as a bilingual translator innate competition. In order to analyze the TN to conduct this type of speakers, we had the data (spontaneous and experimental) production of two children linguistic twins bilingual English / Spanish, Simon and Leo, from the longitudinal study of Fernandez Strong et al. (2002-2005). In the fourth part of our research work, we describe the selection of data from the longitudinal study, which covered a period of slightly more than 4 years, since children are 2, 00 years to the 6, 03 . In the fifth part of the work, we presented the linguistic analysis of the cases of TN collected for this study and shaping our body of data. To that end, and in a preliminary way, we have distinguished those cases TN per se in which the process has taken place total (complete TN TN) or partly (incomplete), and those cases in which the activity of translation has proven invalid despite that the situation would require such a translation. From here, we have said that the main pillars on which 8 has supported 1080 ate our analysis are, on the one hand, analysis of the variables that we have proposed, which revolve around the grammatical and contextual criteria followed by cases of TN (null and activity) collected and which have enabled us to make an objective classification of such cases and, on the other hand, the statistical treatment of the key variables that we have taken into account in the analysis, in which we have apparent differences or similarities that we have found in the behavior of our two subjects translator at the time of producing TTNN (or non-producing). Once shown the results of the analysis, we have developed a set of patterns that relate to the behavior of children both with regard to the production of cases of TN, as well as possible factors (linguistic and contextual) that could have caused the fact that not translate on occasion. First, both children have managed to complete the translation activity in the vast majority of cases, second and terms semántico-conceptual, our subjects using multiple types of strategies such as translators pairings glossaries, translation economic (the information provided in the text target is smaller than the original text) and the translations expansive (provide more information in the text target); thirdly, if we take into account the contextual factors to explain these results, we can say the insistence by the mother Anglophone to maintain the formula of "one person-one language" makes this which encourages many of the translations are pairings lexicons, and lastly, the children of our study can translate in a dual direction (from English to Spanish and from Spanish to English), although this bidireccionalidad have a major influence contextual factors. After showing the results of our analysis, in the last chapter of this work, we have alluded to the major implications of these results, which we have emphasized that the summarized below. With regard to the first general conclusion, the two bilingual children in our study are able to put into play a series of mechanisms and language and communicative strategies that enable them to bring to a conclusion the process of translating most of the times we demand communicative situation, which is why we consider that the TN is a kind of language production plays an important part in the various events of the acquisition bilingual. The second conclusion is that stress bilingual children in our study were able to separate the two languages in the translation work, which would support the hypothesis put forward in previous chapters that since early stages of their development bilingual, have two lexicons separated (one for each language) Logic and common form that allows them to not only translate in one direction or another, but also to establish a relationship between the text semantic origin and the target text. Finally, as a third general conclusion, we have shown that certain communicative contexts (the communication strategy of "one person-one language" that follow the parent or experimental context in which they occur recent TTNN collected) influence in the clear behavior of children throughout their development as translators.
