INFANT LANGUAGE

Author: NAHARRO GARCÍA MARIA ANTONIA.
Year: 2004.
University: CASTILLA-LA MANCHA [www.uclm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE LETRAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE LETRAS.

Summary: This thesis, whose perspective research is not exclusively theoretical or methodological, but descriptive, aims to provide valid information that contributes to the clarification of the process of acquisition of the mother tongue, and the development of a theory, yet non-existent, that consensus explain . This is addressed from the study of vocabulary in English and Spanish, acquisition and structuring, limiting the work area to the lexicon of adjectives field of perception. Specifically, the purpose of this project is to collect information on:-the presence of the adjective in the lexicon early. B-relations syntagmatic the adjective depending conferring syntactic pattern-its core. C - The existence of a mental image prototype. D-structuring process of semantic lexicon of adjectives field of perception. The theoretical framework within which falls includes several studies on L1, theories such as cognitive of the prototypes (Rosch, 1976.1978), mental schemes (Johnson, 1987) and cognitive models (Lakoff, 1989), and a descriptive model the lexicon, the Model Lexemático Functional created for the purpose lexicográficos primarily, and in this case is used as a tool to describe the field lexicon before us, as well as to analyze their acquisition. Based on these studies raises a number of assumptions, and is an empirical study cross with 32 boys and girls Spaniards, and 16 Scottish, between 3 and 8 years of dad. The test pilot designed, performed individually with the leadership of the interviewer, consists of a questionnaire consisting of two activities: the first (Guess guess), the subject must provide the name of something that has the quality that listens and the second should say the quality of item that interacts. The data, analyzed by age and language, leading to significant conclusions regarding the presence of the adjective, which maintains significant relationships (sintagmática s paradigmatic), and cognitive aspects underlying semantic structure in its lexicon early.

Author: Baixauli Fortea Inmaculada.
Year: 2004.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Filología.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Filología.

Summary: The overall objective of this work is to make a tour of the process of acquisition of narrative discourse on the child to discover what are the milestones lingüsticos most important in achieving competition narrative. This ability has been assessed by measuring the response of the child to a very specific, the reproduction of a movie, used previously in other studies on the subject (Gutierrez-Clellen and churches, 1992, Gutierrez-Clellen and Heinrich-Ramos, 1993). Consists shows 70 children from 4 to 9 years of age, enrolled in schools in Valencia and its metropolitan area. In particular, our study has been conducted specifically to the analysis of the evolution of textual two properties: the coherence and consistency of language. From this frame of reference, we set a number of specific objectives: 1 .- To analyze the development of narrative coherence, according to the evolution of superesctructura and macrostructure dela narration. 2 .- To know the development of the mechanisms of type grammatical and lexical allowing explain the relationships between the different parts of the text, and that is reflected in its referential cohesion and connectivity. Regarding the first objective, it can be seen over time the inclusion of a greater number of units episodic, advirtiéndose also a qualitative change wing age of 5 years in the internal coherence of the episodes, as measured by the number of episodes minimal or complete . With age, the child begins to explain the statements that explain the progression of the plot. This can be seen especially in the narrative profile prototype in each age group. This profile attempts reflear components that dominate each range studied and how they are brewing different constituents of the story over time. Similarly, we analyze the macrostructure of the texts (macroproposiciones, digressions and substitutions), proving the period of 5 to 6 years old as a key in this regard. As for the second goal, we study the adequacy in the introduction and maintenance and related mechanisms lilngüsticos employees for this purpose. According to data from our study, from an early age children have a remarkable ability in the domain of the adequacy referential. In addition, procedures lingüsticos employees are consistent with the typological characteristics of Spanish. Finally, also looks at the kind of resources and semantic lexicon, and the mechanisms used to achieve cohesion or conjunctiva connectivity.

Author: MARTÍN MARTÍNEZ CONCEPCIÓN SAN.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGÍA BÁSICA - FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The development of a communication intentional and autorregulada is key in a dynamic context where are exchanged, shared and traded directions and information. This development is molded in a gradual process of learning from the smaller initially, in a general way adults protect and guide the forms and purposes of meetings communicative ceding ground to go to the emergence of an internal regulation and self-determined activity by the child. In terms of Vygotsky (1934/1993) this dynamic between levels interpsicológicos and plans intrapsicológicos bonds awareness of a function or activity, and therefore, the possibility of voluntary regulation of the same. This awareness is interpreted as mediated by a function of differentiation through intellectual speech, which was made through the notion of speaking egocentric or private. This is a speech addressed to the domain and self regulation of an activity, especially when it becomes difficult or challenging congestivamente and whose ultimate destination is the construction of a new psychological terms: The Thinking verbal or inner language. These processes occur with strength in recent years preschool and early school years. While a substantial literature regarding the thesis vygtskianas about the destination, development and the role of private talks (Winsler, 2006), is virtually unexplored its role in the regulation and awareness of the communicative processes (Feigenbaum, in press). Vice versa, literature bearing on access to regulating the communication does not usually consider the notion of private speech as a theoretical explanatory (St. Maarten, Boada and Forns, in press). In this paper we propose a linkage of these issues addressed relations between speaking privately, as an expression of an incipient reflection verbalizada, and the development of effective communication, that is, toward the reflective quality of the content and its suitability for the context and interlocutor ( Boada and Forns, 1997; Martinez, Boada and Forns, 1997). Specifically, the study raised private speech communication in a situation where the task analyzed allow a structure at different levels of difficulty. In paragraph methodological concretamos studying speech in a closed ecological situation communicative referential -Tarea Organization of a room, and original Boada Forns (1989) - using a longitudinal study with a sample of 10 couples studied at the 4, 6 and 6, 6 and 8; 6 years where one of the children acting the role of the issuer and must state verbally to her partner, which serves the role of receptor where to locate a number of objects. Among both children no eye contact and interaction is mediated by an adult. For data collection and analysis of the interaction is used to a methodology observational and develops a system of categories that can detect the presence of elements within the private formulations social -mensajes of emisor- following the reflections and guidelines Frawley & Lantolf ( 1985), as well as private verbalizaciones associated with the action of the receiver. This approach assumes flexible systems classic categorization private speech (Diaz 1992). The information obtained is analyzed through indexes contrast classics and also sequentially. Analysis of the results obtained is aimed at identifying what stage it is the most important speech emergency and closed the qualitative and quantitative changes in the same. It deals with her relationship with the different levels of difficulty / cognitive complexity present in the task and held communicative exchanges, deepen in more detail the presence speaking privately by the issuer. Focusing on the latter is a general obtains a significant increase in the presence of private talks with messages between the ages preschool 8 is and esc ac4 olares, so you get a strong presence speaks private messages to children 6.6 and 8.6 years, whereas in the smallest most messages are formulated without speaking privately. The presence of private speech is related significantly to the difficulty of dealing with state for all ages, and in groups of six to eight years also appears a relationship with communicative performance indicators such as: the increase in the quality of the message the ability to modify the information at the request of the partner ay capacity and detect ambigà ¼ age of the information received by asking questions. The set of results is of interest in several ways: A can-established the relevance and validity of the study of ecological spoke privately in regulating communicative, question arises as a nascent area of study and refers to the ability to relax classical systems analysis (Jimenez & Rye, 2004). B-You can shape the cognitive functioning of private talks both in the case of the issuer and the recipient, so that the appearance of private speech is not random but linked those elements which involve a greater challenge cognitive, as in the stands approaches and vygotskianos (Sanchez Medina, 1999, for a review). The cognitive challenge is not defined solely in terms of the difficulty of the task but also in terms of potential conflict introduced by the other. C - are changing patterns that are consistent with the literature on private talks on tasks not communicative and also in the literature on the communicative skills (Lefebvre Pinard, 1985), with the possibility of dialogue between the two traditions since the notion of speaking as a private metacognitive. Items indicated allow us to conclude that the inclusion of theoretical and empirical spoke privately elements as mediator in the regulation of communication is a useful tool. Tool utility to deepen an issue most often inaccessible to direct observation of how from a domestic level, with social and genetic origin mediated verbally, and plans are regulated activity communicative.

Author: Fernández López Isabel.
Year: 2006.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Filología.
Place of preparation: Universidad de Santiago de Compostela.

Summary: This work consists of two main blocks: the first will feel the theoretical and methodological research, reviewing the literature more relevant and discussing some issues related to the collection, sorting and processing of data, the second block is exposed the process and results of the investigation. Obviously, this last block is at the heart of work. It provides a review of data from the corpus' Koiné 'speaking children. This corpus is an extensive record of language productions of children aged between two and four years, developed by a team of researchers from the Area of General Linguistics at the University of Santiago de Compostela. To achieve the highest standards of "spontaneity" possible, the registration of products was carried out in an area "family" for children (kindergarten), involving them in various activities (testing designation, storytelling ... ) under the supervision of a researcher. This ensures the reliability and representativeness of the results of the analysis. The review of the data has taken a view that perhaps has not been sufficiently exploited so far. Instead of addressing the phonological processes (frontalización, oclusivización, fricativización ...) "singled" speech child has preferred to focus on the internal configuration of the system being done in the child's language productions. For each series has set an inventory of units, trying to explain the features that allow differentiation from each other (paradigmatic level) and its distribution and frequency (syntagmatic level). At all times have sought that the approach is comprehensive, avoiding digging a trench between the level phonological and the remaining components of language skills: in the end, the distinctions established in the field of sound exist to be differences in vehicle meaning, and not vice versa. That is why it has been explored factors grammatical and pragmatic (broadly) that might facilitate the "consolidation" of various units.