COMPARED LINGUISTICS

Author: FAJARDO URIVE LUZ AMPARO.
Year: 2004.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: FILOLOGÍA.

Summary: The paper attempts to review strategies which applies man for the abstraction of reality, create concepts and represent them, with an emphasis on abstract concepts such as power, since it was the concept discussed in "Yo el Supremo." It also refers to the role that language plays in the process of internalization of complex concepts, both abstract and concrete, which is used as the metaphorical language verbatim. También se hace mención al papel del cerebro en el proceso de conceptualización ya que gracias a él establecemos conexiones entre las diferentes áreas y podemos dar cuenta de la realidad que nos rodea. We review several theories about the metaphor, but there is a particular emphasis on the theory proposed by Lakoff and Johnson and his vision experiencialista in construction metaphorical. It is understood the metaphor as a phenomenon of thought rather than a phenomenon strictly lingà ¼ istico hence its importance in the process congitivos. In the same way we take into account the relationship between metaphor and metonimia, mean cognitive mechanism. It abandons the idea of the metaphor suggests a mechanism unique to the literature and recognizes its value in everyday speech.

Author: ISRAEL SEMINO MARÍA JOSEFINA.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID [www.uam.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS.

Summary: The thesis deals with the interference in the Portuguese speaking and writing Brazilian university students respectively, initiated and completed his BA in Spanish. The teória of refencia is Scale Loan proposal by Sarah Thomason in 2001, which has the merit of addressing the significant process interference in a holistic, dynamic and diachronic. However, the fundamental difference that we depart from Thomason are: propose as a hypothesis for this case, the reversal of the scale proposed by this author, bearing in mind that unlike the cases studied by it, we are dealing with is a process of contact lingüstico speakers who learn a foreign language in constexo of formal schooling ends professionals: forecasting crucial associated with such an investment is as follows: when more contact lingà ¼ istico there will be less interference (as opposed to what was stated by Thomason). The Corpus was composed of editorial, written questionnaire and questionnaire oral-grabado. The results show. 1). That our assumptions and forecasting crucial to her partner are alavadas by countless figures on the level of the fonética-fonología of morphosyntax, and the lexicon, both units to structures. 2). That, as Thomason said, there is no absolute limits pair interference. 3). However, we verify all levels gradients showing that not everything is delivered with equal intensity and that there are processes resistencia-dosilización certain interference (though the same decrease). Thus we have given a modest contribution to the study of both contact lingà ¼ istico as to the merits of the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language (and perhaps to the teaching of foreign languages in general).

Author: LÓPEZ GARCÍA JUAN MANUEL.
Year: 2004.
University: GRANADA [www.ugr.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE TRADUCTORES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS.

Summary: This paper compares the basic relations in the Russian language and finding an equivalent in Spanish. This inthe paper proposes the following tasks: 1. Determnar the forites of applicability of the taxia. 2. To determine the structure of the field táxico in the Russian language, ie, the kernel and pariferia. 3. Studying the nucleus of the taxicas and make a classification of miamas within prayer subordizada. 4. Proposing, with lines of inquiry, other calsificaciones the rest basic relationship (dependent and independent).

Author: SILVA FERNANDES IVANI CRISTINA.
Year: 2004.
University: SALAMANCA [www.usal.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FILOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOLOGIA.

Summary: The aim of our study is to analyze the relationship lingüsticas, pragmatic and enunciativas introduced by the anchor of the speech in Spanish in Spain and in Portuguese in Brazil. To this end, we will use a corpus of two hundred (200) texts discourse of opinion sections of newspapers El Pais and O Estado de SÃ £ o Paulo, newspapers representing both countries. That body is made up of shares fixing uniform (twenty-five samples of each model discursive) depending on the type of text gender opinion (letters to the editor, editorials, commentaries and chronic). First, we performed a quantitative analysis of frequency of forms in both languages made from two axes: vs. language. Type of scoreboard and textual model (letters, reviews, features and editorials) vs. Type marker. Based on quantitative results and the main theories of Pragmatics and the Sociopragmática (the Argumentation Theory, Theory of Relevancy Theory and Courtesy), outlines trends lingüsticas, pragmatic and image of the announcer according to the peculiarities of each language, verified by several comparative studies of textual fragments of the body. Among other results, it has been concluded that the similarities between the Spanish and Portuguese apparent, as set different strategies persuasive, and styles enunciativos equivalencies in the field discursive and pragmatic. The provisions could be targeted outline by the trend of objectivity, clarity and certainty argumentative style discursive Spanish compared to the trend of evasion, and didactismo detail Brazilian discursive style.

Author: GOMEZ FERNANDEZ ARACELI.
Year: 2005.
University: SALAMANCA [www.usal.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO FILOLOGIA FRANCESA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOLOGIA.

Summary: Doctoral Thesis This is part of the Lingüstica Contrastiva and, in particular, the application of the Theory Sentido-Texto, founded by Professor Igor Mel '? Uk, the study of adjectives deverbales in -ble in French and in Spanish. The research work is based on the following points: 1.

Author: Piluso Carla.
Year: 2006.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Filología.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Filología.

Summary: Contrastive Analysis theoretical language computing in Spanish and Italian (using as a reference the English language) from the study of the lexicon of this discipline and the observation of its use in textbooks, journals and texts on computer. In this theory have been pursued two main objectives: to study procedures enrichment lexicon to see the similarities and differences in the use of the same and based on the results observed in Italian able to demonstrate that there is a minor trend towards integration in Spanish , and secondly, be able to present the proposal as a final result of a new terminology for lending procedures as well as a glossary of computer terms in Spanish and Italian.

Author: Bascoy Lamelas Montserrat.
Year: 2006.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Filología.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Filología.

Summary: This work is intended to expand research on receipt of the writer Karoline von Günderrode through his study from a new angle and, at the same time, highlighting certain aspects of this figure neglected by critics. The purpose of this study is to clarify the picture of the writer, between reality and fiction, and provide a new interpretation of the play "Die Günderode" Bettina von Arnim, highlighting the importance of the same. In the seventies of the twentieth century were published several scientific studies in which the authors sexes are approaching the historical figure of the writer Karoline von Günderrode from an objective point of view. These investigations show a tendency desmitificadora, which in turn underscores the importance of the myth of the Günderrode in receipt of the writer. However there is no scientific work is now aimed at the study of the myth of Günderrode. The interest shown by both the historical figure as the characters of fiction inspired by him, mostly from the last decades of the twentieth century hast today justifies the question arises how and why the myth of Günderrode. This paper seeks to answer, at least in part, to this question. Karoline von Günderrode (1780-1806), the poet who committed suicide at the age of twenty-six years, is the protagonist of a tragedy that was narrated by various authors / as from 1806 until today. The uniqueness of the Günderrode, his desire to be recognized as a writer, the story of his work, the unhappiness of his love affairs with two men who rejected it and the event of his suicide, are the main elements that make this interesting figure for the literature. Thirty years after his death, the friendship that Karoline von Günderrode had with Bettina von Arnim is narrrada by the latter in his book "Die Günderode" (1840). The book enjoyed tremendous success in 1840, although it was harshly criticized. This is a controversial book, since Bettina von Arnim publishes the text as authentic edition of the correspondence with her friend Günderrode, while this study shows that it is a work of fiction and that the author changed greatly the original texts in which it is based. "Die Günderode" is not only the first major work in which the figure of the Günderrode has a vital role, sindo that this is in addition to the personal interpretation of Bettina von Arnim of the figure of the poet. Unlike most authors / as, Bettina von Arnim is not the best known image of the Günderrode, as a poet in love and suicide, it shows an image much more complex and emphasizes other aspects such as friendship, the philosophical and poetic the protagonist, his work and the role of Günderrode in its relationship with the world as a writer. In "Die Günderode" we note the existence of a speech mítico-religioso that sits bases in the romantic thought. In order to define particular myth that the author conveys in his work, it is necessary to achieve it through the definition of the concept of romantic myth and religion and their application in the works. The first chapter of this study therefore provides the theoretical framework, the sources that the author uses to build his own vision of reality. It analyzed and systematizing the fundamental ideas of the authors Friedrich Schlegel, Friedrich Schelling, Hölderlin, Novalis and Friedrich Schleiermacher. The main concepts analyzed revolve around the ideas of the new romantic mythology and the new religion means to achieve the utopia of a new Golden Age in which the man returns to his home: his union with the divine and with nature . Romantics promote the idea of a new human being who is opposed to the figure of the Philistine, a human being who consigu 8 and join 1354 Reason and fantasí as forms of knowledge, as opposed to the current vision rationalistic, materialistic and utilitarian in the world. Bettina von Arnim updates in his thinking romantic. In the second chapter of this study examines the concept of myth Bettina von Arnim in the light of the theories outlined in the first chapter. In the play we find that the relationship or communication between man, nature and divinity are the backbone of thinking of the author. Bettina von Arnim, like the romantic, promotes the need for a new religion that transformed the men and enabling them to achieve their ideal, ie its original divinity. To do so the players, Bettine and Günderode, prepared the draft "Schwebe-Religion." Günderode is identified in this project with the central figure of a mediator or a poet who is able to communicate the divine message through the symbolic language of poetry. The last chapter examines in detail the construction of the myth of the Günderrode in the novel, based on the speech mítico-religioso previously submitted. The first part of this chapter is devoted to clarifying the consideration of the text as novel as a work of fiction, following the romantic definition of this genre, and analyzing the process ficcionalización conducted by the author. This definition is opposed to the theories of many authors as they consider the text as an autobiographical work and hence as actual document. To differentiate between reality and fiction, in this study using two different names for the characters real (Günderrode and Bettina) and the literary characters (Günderode and Bettine), which must be covered in each corresponding level. In analyzing the figure Günderode in this chapter discusses the characteristic features of the character from the point of view of its main roles in the play, com friend, teacher and poet. It is necessary to clarify that the original text in German unused forms female, but the male: friend, teacher and poet. These are romantic figures and certain turn of the roles that society currently not attached to the women, who were relegated to the sphere of the family and marriage. Bettine and Günderode dream however with a life in which they can become and do whatever we propose and oppose the established order. Hence the title of the thesis is remarque the difference between the masculine and feminine role with the feminine endings capitalized. On the one hand the figure of Günderode is compared and identified with figures from classical mythology, goddesses of the ancient world, and moreover is presented as a romantic myth, modern, in line with the concept of the new mythology of Romanticism. Bettina von Arnim not only affirms the possibility of transforming the world through poetry and the new religion, but it also creates a mythology in his work individually, which tells the story of a modern divinity. The third chapter discusses how Bettina von Arnim idealized figure of Günderode and ascribes divine qualities, playing the role of a goddess. Thus, Günderode appears as diosa-poeta, lso as a mediator between humans and divinity. This in turn becomes a symbol, representative of a particular way of viewing the world. From analysis concluded that Bettina von Arnim intentionally creates a myth, in the romantic sense of the word, which, far from promoting the image of the Günderrode who commits suicide for love and not finding their place in the world invites think through this character on a way of looking at the reality in which it claimed the union of the rational and the irrational, of the human, natural and the divine, thanks to the role of poetry as a symbolic language, and fantasy, one part of the story buried on the grounds Illustrated and led to the romantic poets to feel uncomfortable with the world that they lived. Günderode is presented in the novel as a romantic poet and a goddess, Athena as the twentieth century, as a guide and a model for the younger generation.