NAVIGATION AND SPACE TELEMETRY SYSTEMS

Author: Toledo Moreo Rafael.
Year: 2005.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Informática.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Informática.

Summary: Transport systems today represent a cornerstone in our society. To understand its importance suffice to think about what aspects of our daily lives are not present. This is why the European Commission considers research in the Intelligent Transportation Systems structural a piece for the development of European society. As part of the Intelligent Transportation Systems, the doctoral thesis "A high Navigation System Integrity Vehicle Unfavorable environments," presents a solution to the shortcomings of existing navigation systems. Thanks to the integration of measures from different sensors and maps, a navigation system as a prototype developed in this thesis is able to offer a reliable and continuous response for applications unthinkable until recently. To that end, this prototype fusion cartographic information, positioning satellite sensors and assistance to positioning, being able to maintain a high signal quality on an ongoing basis and a reduced cost. Some applications that might beneficar these improvements are dedicated to increasing security in the condución, such as smart warning systems roadside or emergency calls automatically, or applications dedicated to expanding access road and the driver's comfort, as the fleet control systems, automatic toll systems or intelligent assistance en route. Improved technology in the manufacturing process of sensors used and the appearance of better techniques for the merger and taking advantage of the data collected by the same as those presented in this thesis, allow access to the navigation systems high quality millions of users around the world. The results obtained to date and current trends in this field of research portend a very promising future for the navigation systems. Some of the advantages that the navigation system developed presented are: * Synergy of different sensors. The GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) offer a solution to the problem of positioning of vehicles with a peak of error steady at very low cost. However, the potential loss of the signal from the satellites and high altitude error limit its use in some applications. The augmentations with these benefits and autonomous sensors provides lower levels of error and improved frequency response of the tracking system. * Increased integrity in the response of the filter. Integrating different teams sensors in the same navigation system the probability of system failure will diminish significantly and may also detect and correct false steps thanks to the redundant information. * Cost reduction. An architecture for multi merger offers a solution to more accurately than provide sensory equipment separately and by reducing the cost of acquiring them without any loss of quality in the system response. * Increased number of applications. An integrated set of sensory fusion can be applicable in situations where each team separately sensor fail. The vehicle test equipment include a GNSS receiver can interpret the frames correction SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentatión System), a system ordométrico and inertial sensors. The acquisition cost of a GNSS receiver is reduced. As system odométrico will use the captors ABS braking system's own vehicle. One unit measures inertial low cost, while increasing the price of the system, 8 naveg 611 ation provide more integrity in his reply. The use of a low-cost electronic compass allows initializing and reinforce the extent of the orientation of the vehicle. The incorporation of a system road map GIS (Geographic Information System) allows land use beacons and references to complete the information received. The use of this information involves a significant reduction in the price of sensors, to not require a very high precision as possible trajectories of the vehicles were severely limited. The use of appropriate techniques of merging information from different sources such nature lends itself to low cost high integrity, offering a solution to the problem of positioning vehicle for a large number of applications.

Author: FERNANDEZ PRADES CARLOS.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA [www.upc.edu].
Place of defense: Campus Nord.
Place of preparation: EDIFICI D4 Campus NORD.

Author: ÚBEDA MIÑARRO BENITO.
Year: 2006.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE INFORMÁTICA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE INFORMÁTICA.

Summary: The development of intelligent transport systems (ITS), we can say that begins with the introduction of the first systems radio navigational aid by air and sea, which are or have been a critical exponent systems VOR, ILS, and RADAR LORAN. The arrival of systems for the global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) has been a boom in location-based services (LBS) and its extension to all areas of transport (air, sea and land). The race towards unification and standardization of such systems has been held back only to the military nature of the two constellations currently operational, the GPS and GLONASS. But the increasing civilian applications, the need for new funding sources that contribute to the costly maintenance of these systems and the anticipation of a new constellation of civilian nature, specifically the European system, Galileo, currently in development, have enabled terrestrial systems radio helps sea and air long distance may have been compromised, among other factors because of their high cost of maintenance and erratic coverage. The rest of localization services and guided navigation in sea and air, at least from a technical point of view, are also at stake, vislumbrándose a future in which the primary system of navigational aid is a sensor GNSS multi-constelación ( Galileo GPS + + GLONASS) supplemented with inertial sensors to achieve high integrity in those applications where it is put at stake the lives of people ( "Security of Life Applications." ITS applications that pertain to land transport have been the last to incorporate this technology. Arguably, with the elimination mechanism selective availability of GPS in the year 2000 by the Department of Defense (DoD) of the USA gave the go-ahead to the marketing of GPS receivers, increasingly lower size and better benefits. road, where it has focused the work of this thesis, developing browsers that make up a sensor GNSSS a GIS database and presentation devices, it has been more than early in the development of location-based applications, with ever more demanding requirements. work developed in this dissertation attempts to provide a unified vision among services, technical requirements for feasibility and evaluation of available technology (hardware and software) permitting their successful implementation. It begins by evaluating and analyzing the input augmentation systems based on satellite (SBAS), specifically EGNOS European forerunner of the program GNSS-2 or Galileo, pose in terms of improving the availability, accuracy and integrity of the signal in space (SIS). Discusses different environments, static, quasi static movement for urban areas, for the rest of roads, highways and freeways. was also studying the peculiarities of communication systems employees (GSM GPRS, WiFi, etc.). as well as geographic information systems (GIS) and its integration and features. is the thesis concludes with the development and feasibility study an application of electronic payment of tolls for use of infrastructure, ( "Roadpricing" ) based on the trajectory tracking done by vehicles using sensors GNSS / EGNOS and connectivity via cellular networks GPRS / UMTS. this thesis, with a high content of experimentation, has arranged d 8 iversos 370 sensors GNSS, measures for a car field of computer hardware and software as well as a laboratory where electronic design, build and test various devices needed to board the vehicle.