PSYCHOLOGY (5)

Author: Miró Queralt Ma. Carme.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Place of preparation: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Summary: The thesis consists in evaluating a questionnaire on body image to serve as a screening tool for detection precoç a body image disorder.

Author: Boix Trelis Núria.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.

Summary: The core basal magnocelular (NBM, counterpart to the basal nucleus of Meynert in primates) is part of prosencéfalo basal (PB), and provides the largest source of innervación cholinergic the cerebral cortex and other regions subcorticales as the amygdala. Neuroscientist The interest generated by this structure has been motivated largely by the degeneration of cells in Alzheimer's disease and the positive correlation between cell damage in the NBM and severity of dementia observed. One of the functions attributed to NBM general, and especially to its cholinergic neurons, is the modulation of cognitive functions. Numerous studies have confirmed that the cholinergic system is critically involved in mediating the processes atencionales well as in the modulation of learning and memory. Previous studies with injuries cholinergic of NBM indicated that these cells are involved in the acquisition of Social Transmission Preferred Food, a task olfactory associative learning relational. Moreover, it was noted that electrical stimulation (EIC) of this structure provides an active avoidance task implicit two senses. For this reason, we ask whether the EIC of NBM could have an overall effect facilitator in learning and therefore also affect the TSPA, and if so, through what brain areas and neurochemical mechanisms occur this house . In the first study the effects of the EIC NBM applied pre-entrenamiento on TSPA in two intervals retention (immediately and 24 hours). The results showed that the EIC of NBM facilitated TSPA in two analyzed, without affecting other secondary variables as motivation to consume food, or locomotive exploratory activity, social interaction or changes in neofobia. To identify the brain regions activated by the treatment of EIC NBM, conducted a second experiment in which we determine the expression of the protein c-Fos after treatment stimulation, in different brain areas chosen by being involved in the TSPA or being diana's NBM. The immediate response gene c-fos is activated quickly when there are different types of stimuli and manipulations like the EIC. The marking of the protein c-Fos has been the most widely used in this area and is considered an indicator of neural activation involved in the changes in the functioning linked to cell plasticity. In this second experiment, the stimulation of NBM led to an increase in the expression of c-Fos bilateral regions prefrontales the orbitofrontal cortex (VLO and LO), prelímbica (PL) and infralímbica, and in some regions as hipocampales AC cord and turn teeth ventral regions relevant to the associative memory of smells. Of the different areas activated by the treatment of EIC in the NBM feel of particular interest prefrontal cortex, especially the crust PL, as it relates to areas involved in processing smells and the olfactory learning, in addition to contributing in different roles relational necessary for learning. Therefore, the PL could be a target structure of NBM candidate to mediate the effects of the manipulations of this kernel on the TSPA. In this context, we conducted a third experiment to study the role of PL in TSPA, which evaluated the effects of the embargo muscarinic pre-entrenamiento through infusion of scopolamine on this task. The results showed that the muscarinic blockade caused severe shortfall in the TSPA evaluated immediately and 24 hours of training, not deficits attributable 8 sa another 621 s variables such as the olfactory perception, the motivation for food, neofobia, social interaction or capacity locomotive or exploratory. In conclusion, the results obtained in different experiments confirm the role of NBM in the learning of a task relational TSPA, which could produce through their cholinergic projections to a region of the prefrontal cortex, the rind PL. These results represent a generalization of the effects of facilitators de l'EIC NBM in the early stages of learning and memory, and other tasks as outlined in the active avoidance of two ways. In addition, data obtained indicate a broadening of the areas of the prefrontal cortex involved in TSPA, as previously had been shown the involvement of the FCO.

Author: CHAVES LECHUGA ANTONIO.
Year: 2006.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PISCOLOGIA Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION Y DEL DEPORTE BLANQUERNA.

Summary: Centered in the university training of skills, this thesis examines the skill level of students in the final year of Psychology of Organizations of the School of Psychology, Ciències de l'Educació i l'Esport Blanquerna the Ramon Llull University. The focus of the investigation is twofold: On the one hand, comparing the powers of the subject at the end of his career with the skills profile of a particular occupational category, the technician in Human Resources, which has been defined and validated by experts in active in this area professionally. And on the other hand, appreciates the level of skills development of a group of subjects who had undergone special training along the entire academic year 2003-2004 in a specific area of training, cooperative learning in seminar format that is typical of the methodology Blanquerna. Des this perspective, professional and educational at the same time, research finds its theoretical foundations in three dimensions that make up the conceptual framework: the competition as a quality factor incorporated into various management models, the design of curricula for the training college before challenges posed by the European Higher Education Area and the demands of powers in the area of Human Resources, where recent graduates of Psychology of Organizations tend to find an initial route of entry into the profession. The working methodology used l'assessment center as a comprehensive approach to competency assessment, in order to obtain a contribution twofold: the instruments that serve the external evaluators to measure the skill level of focus group and the control group, both at the beginning as at the end of the course, and training activities aimed at developing the skills profile studied. For his part, the statistical treatment of data obtained them at different stages of the process allows for comparison between the levels of output academic profile and the profile professional input, as well as the degree of development of the powers of focus group that receives competence based training. Consistent with the assumptions made, the results confirm that there are significant differences between the profile of training and professional profile and that the training actions implemented in the seminar are effective in significantly develop some of the skills that make up the profile.

Author: LAUXEN PERUZZOLO ELOI TEREZINHA.
Year: 2006.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA, EDUCACION Y CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD Y DEL DEPORTE BLANQUERNA.

Summary: With this research I intended to demonstrate the possible link between hypertension, conscious attitude, the types and psychological functions in older subjects. The overall objective of the investigation was to verify this relationship. The specific objectives are to: Verify the psychological attitude more aware and present in older hypertensive subjects. Identifying the predominant psychological on the same subject. Identify the respective roles, focusing on the performance of the function lower. Verify reducing hypertension in subjects whose blood pressure was maintained above 120 by 80, with medicines before participating in psychotherapies. Describe the general characteristics associated with the attitude, type and function below that have been revealed, as well as the establishment of lines of psychotherapeutic accompaniment to the same group, with the intention of offering an alternative to more centroversión in senescence through psychotherapies suggested. To make research apliqué indicator MBTI, based on the Analytical Psychology of Carl Gustav Jung, created by Isabel Briggs Myers. 10 The results of the research is, significantly, the predominance of introversion, through the kind ISTJ, indicating Sensation extravertida as dominant role and function typological Intuition extravertida as least developed. The results of psychotherapies pointing the same way, the reduction of hypertension in subjects identified three types psychological, with the highest number of reductions in subjects associated with the type ISTJ. With the results found the following assumptions: Seniors and hypertensive belong more to the attitude introverted and fewer to extravertida; in elderly hypertensive introverted, it is noted, so statistically significant, the dominance of one type psychological joined its function correlates with lower hypertension. Based on the findings suggest psychotherapies designed to dreams, drawings, games, sand, modeling in clay, paint and imagination active, individually or in groups.

Author: Guillén Gosálbez Carmen.
Year: 2006.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de psicología.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Psicología (Murcía).

Summary: After a theoretical review focused on the audition, attitudes towards hearing impairment, integration and review of the previous investigations; this thesis covers four areas: Developing a Scale Espcífica to assess attitudes towards persons with hearing impairment, conduct a descriptive study of attitudes, development of a program to improve them, and testing the effectiveness of the same. The sample comprised 471 subjects of the last cycle of Primary Education (5Â ° and 6Â °) and the first of Compulsory Secondary Education (1Â º and 2Â °) of public facilities and public consultation. It describes the preparation of the scale (EAPDA), and provides statistical data on reliability and validity concluding that the same posée adequate psychometric properties. As for the study of attitudes is done in terms of gender, race and variable sociométricas. Regarding the intervention program describes its development and outlined each meeting indicating its structure and content. In his application was used a control group and two experimental groups (four two sessions), showing comparisons intergroups in the pretest, comparisons intergroups in the post, and comparisons intragrupos pretest-postest. It concludes by indicating the high effectiveness of the program developed.

Author: HERRERO DE VEGA MARGARITA.
Year: 2006.
University: PONTIFICIA DE SALAMANCA [www.upsa.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD PONTIFICIA DE SALAMANCA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD PONTIFICIA DE SALAMANCA.

Summary: A STUDY ON THE PROCESS OF CHANGE THERAPY: HANDLING OF CASE "ATASCADOS" IN THERAPY SISTÉMICA SHORT. The objective of this thesis is to examine the theme of "bottleneck" in psychotherapy, and more specifically, in Centered Therapy Solutions. Examine the effect of three different types of intervention in a situation of clogging maintain the therapeutic model Centered Solutions, switching to a more focused approach on the problem, and change their therapist. The assumptions that plateamos were as follows: Scenario 1. In one case stuck in Centered Therapy Solutions, change therapist produce improvement in subsequent sessions. Scenario 2. In one case stuck in Centered Therapy Solutions, change therapist produce improvements in subsequent sessions. Scenario 3. In one case stuck in Centered Therapy Solutions, maintain the same therapeutic model focused on solutions not produce improvements in subsequent sessions. The results show that when a case gets stuck in therapy and remains the same model, the case remains stalled, on the other hand, when you switch to another model the case may leave the jam, however if the jam occurs in scores very low it is possible that the paradigm shift is not enough.

Author: RODRÍGUEZ RODRÍGUEZ CRISTINA.
Year: 2006.
University: LA LAGUNA [www.ull.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA, CAMPUS DE GUAJARA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA, FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The survey subtypes dyslexic has been marked by the divergence in the performance differences investigations carried out. In this regard, it has appealed to the differences in spelling systems as variable as possible to explain these differences. However, when we focus on studies carried out in the same language, in this case English, this is not a valid justification. Therefore, we have to think about other variables that might be conditional different results. After a detailed analysis, referred to methodological aspects, more specifically ages of the subjects which made up the different samples for study, as a variable modulating these results. Another aspect, which until now had not been taken into account, although it had been suggested from different research as a possible variable to take into consideration in shaping subtypes dyslexic, is the influence of the family, cultural and economic rights. This paper takes into account both the evolutionary aspect, as the contextual variables in relation to the experience with printed material and trying to provide answers to all questions exposed.

Author: MANTECÓN MARTÍN CRISTINA.
Year: 2006.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The thesis presents an analysis of the work of John Major around two main axes: 1 - The experimental and empirical research conducted by John Major and a group of collaborators in the field of Psychology of Thought and Language. 2, - Studies on the epistemological status of scientific psychology in its various branches and paradigms, and his attempt to unify through the General Theory Systems. The thesis also discusses different models that Major had built as an explanation of these and other areas of applied psychology, such as drug addiction, denial, special education, ambigà ¼ age lingüstica, and the metaphor among others.

Author: MARINALVA DA SILVA.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: In this thesis examines the evolution of the concept Quality of Working Life (CVL) and how it can enhance conjunction with the Organizational Effectiveness (EFO), in terms of job performance. This was done two original empirical research, the official Brazilian banking sector in the years 2004 and 2006. In the first study, by analyzing content and exploratory factor, it verifies aspects of the CVL most frequently evaluated by researchers, and more regarded by 1322 workers. It also identifies current and classic categories, the similarities and differences between the prospect of CVL between researchers and workers. It confirms that the concept of CVL evolves in time according to the job, changing technologies, and so on. These resutlados formed the conceptual basis for the definition of CVL proposal in this thesis, as well as the instrument developed to assess the perception of CVL in the second empirical study. It raised six main hypotheses under two approaches. The first explains the relationship between the CVL and its constituent dimensions, proposing an overall index of CVL. The second approach looks at the CVL as a variable history of organizational effectiveness at two levels of analysis, the individual performance and performance of the bank branch. The samples consist of 1305 workers and 121 bank branches, located in ten provinces in brazil. The results of the factor analysis, correlation and regression, predictive corroborate the influence of the perception of CVL on performance, demonstrating that the CVL adds benefits for workers and organization. It confirms that it is possible to obtain an index of overall CVL and also identifies what are the factors of the CVL major contributors to the overall index, which are the most influence on the individual and group performance. We discuss the implications of the findings for research, for managers, professionals and human resources for future research.

Author: LINARES HERREROS DANIEL.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: UNVIERSITAT DE BARCELONA.

Author: MONTERO SÁEZ ABELARDO.
Year: 2006.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA CAMPUS BELLVITGE.

Summary: Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterial nosocomial infections globally with a growing incidence and resistance to all antibiotics. In the Bellvitge Hospital since 1992 was detected by this bacterium endemic multidrug of considerable proportions. In this context, we conducted several epidemiological studies to clarify the risk factors for acquiring strains resistant carba penémicos, which were: The state pre-bearer of resistant strains, have been treated with imipenem and have been in a unit with other patients colonized or infected strains carbapenem-resistentes a carbapenémicos, which quickly replaced the original clones. There were no significant differences in the locations of infection and mortality and morbidity between the sensitive and resistant strains carbapenémicos. The measure epidemiological control, including restricting the use of carbapenémicos in UCls, failed in an attempt to control the disease is endemic. The strains resistant to all antibiotics, including carbapenémicos posed important challenges in the treatment, since according to the antibiogram the only antibiotic that kept the in vitro sensitivity was colistin, and this was an antibiotic into disuse, with major side effects and antibacterial which was called into question. It then raised the need for an experimental model in animals, to try to find some effective antibiotic or combination infections strains A.baumannii resistant to all antibiotics, even carbapenémicos. In this model of pneumonia in mice, we use 3 strains A.baumannii sensitively with imipenem, sensitivity and resistance to high intermediate level. We analyze the effectiveness of clinical interest with various antibiotics in the treatment of these infections: imipenem, sulbactam, tobramycin, rifampicin, and colistin, and various combinations. Note that colistin, the only antibiotic that remained in vitro sensitivity, was less effective than other combinations. Note that colistin, the only antibiotic that remained in vitro sensitivity, was less effective than other combinations: The clone with intermediate resistance to carbapenémicos, combinations imipenem-tobramicina or sulbactam-tobramicina were the most effective treatments and higher; to colistin while the clone with high resistance to carbapenémicos, combinations imipenem-rifampicina and tobramicina-rifampicina were the most active, more effective colistin. Finally, we conducted a pilot clinical study where tried, in 10 patients with infections by strains resistant carbapenémicos, more active pattern obtained from animal model (imipenem-rifampicina), concluding that although the clinical cure was achieved in 70% of patients the combination failed to prevent the emergence of resistance to rifampicin in 7 of the cases. In view of our results, apart from the potential usefulness of other combinations in clinical practice, it seems that the most effective in controlling infections A.baumannii multidrug is to ensure the intervention measures epidemiological.

Author: CAPDEVILA BROPHY CONNIE.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSITAT AUTÃ’NOMA DE BARCELONA.
Place of preparation: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Summary: The Attention Deficit Disorder / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a clinically heterogeneous with three subtypes accepted, depending on the symptoms of inatención and hiperactividad-impulsividad present: the predominantly inatento (TDAH-I), the predominantly hiperactivo-impulsivo (TDAH-HI ) and the combined (TDAH-C). Previous research suggests differences in demographic characteristics, symptoms Central profile comorbidity and social characteristics between subtypes TDAH-Iy TDAH-C, which has led to hipotetizar that subtypes TDAH-Iy TDAH-C are manifestations of the same or different disorder . There is a debate over the validity of subtype TDAH-I since it was possible to diagnose the TDA without hyperactivity in the DSM-III (APA, 1980). Although the validity of TDAH-C not generated controversy, the committee's expert DSM-V is now deliberating on the diagnostic criteria of both subtypes. Recent research suggests redefining the diagnostic criteria in DSM-V to identify a group of TDAH-I more homogeneous. The question now is whether a subset of TDAH-I with Cognitive Tempo Slow (LCT) constitute a new subtype or be a distinct clinical entity. The construct of TCL refers to descriptions of parents and teachers to include items such as "slow", "sleepy", "with a tendency to dream awake", "in a cloud," "apathetic", "confused" or "appears to be in a cloud. " The first part of the study seeks to determine the similarities and differences between the two subtypes in your profile neuropsychological and behavioral manifestations of domestic problems, executive functions (FE) and emotional problems within the framework of the theory of Russell Barkley. For subtype TDAH-I predicted a yield lower in selective attention / focused and processing the information for the subtype TDAH-C. For the group TDAH-C is hipotetizó performance lowest in most measures of FE and sustained attention, the greater number and severity of domestic problems, plus regulatory problems behavioral, emotional and mental. It also hipotetizó both subtypes shared problems of working memory. The results revealed affected areas shared by both groups, as well as more specific deficits in each subtype. In the second part we study the construct of TCL. It predicted a partnership subtype TDAH-I with TCL. Also, we seek to determine if a subgroup of children's TDAH-I with TCL had a high profile neuropsychological and behavioral different from the rest of the sample, which would support the hypothesis that is a different subtype or a distinct clinical entity. The results revealed affected areas shared by both groups, as well as specific deficit for each.

Author: JIMENEZ RENTERÍA MA. ESMERALDA.
Year: 2006.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: The objective of this research is to analyze and describe systematically Subjetivación of Work Experience of Mexican Workers in the area south of Mexico City DF Taken as a frame of reference Theory of Social Representation, Values and Attitudes. The exploratory, descriptive study was conducted in 2 phases: 1. A Qualitative with 200 workers in Industrial and Commercial Services analysis whose results will be made by Content Analysis (categories of words), which won the categories most relevant answers to the questionnaire Quantitative conduct of the Phase 2 Final implemented in 1132 workers in the 3 sectors mentioned. In this last phase of the analysis was performed with results: Cluster analysis, analysis of variance, frequencies, Standard Deviation and Socks. The Lessons Learned in both Phases Qualitative and Quantitative was organized in 5 points: 1. The Meaning of Labor (to discuss the significance in itself, in essence). 2. Work in Macroescenario Mexican (ubicándolo at home Mexico). The Labor in Microescenario Mexican analyzing diámica job, his daily work experience. 3. The Worker Involvement at Work (where he discussed the attitude toward the changes, the value given in Creativity and the Ethics of Labor), and at this point also included the 10 most important aspects for the total of Workers Mexican. The Theoretical Framework includes: 1 .- The psychosocial aspects of Labor (1. Working through teimpo where they reviewed various viewpoints and authors on the definition of work. 1.2 .- Dimensions central work experience (where he spoke Representations of the Theory of Social Values and Attitudes). 2 .- The development dela Work Culture in Mexico where he makes a sweeping historical interweaving with the aim of the highlights and repetitive Mexican culture from its inception until the current time and add entretejiendolos turn with the results and get a better explanation of why the Subjetivación that make up the Mexican Work Experience. Sweeping historical ranges from Mayan Culture, La Azteca, Mexico Independiene until today, and the revision of previous research in The New Mexican Workers. central assumptions are: 1 .- The subjectivity of the meaning of work in Mexican workers predominantly negative: 2 .- The connotation is that the Labor being located within the macro Mexican scenario is negative. 3 .- There were no significant differences in the Subjetivación of work experience among workers of different sectors studied (industrial, commercial and services). Of resutlados obtained in both Qualitative and Quantitative analysis is obtained that : there is no significant difference in the Meaning of Work in the various industrial, comerical and services. The Meaning of Labor is negative when you refer to the country's own context Mexico and less negative when you refer to Meaning of Work, Himself . was generally observed that in the historical review have prevailed situaicones labor and social environment that has affected Mexico and this affects the Meaning of Work in Mexico and it's so subjectification that make the work experience is closely related to the events of country as a whole. negative view of Labor does not reflect a autoestereotipo cultural negative Mexicans, but more bienla valroación engativa work experience in historical or cultural context of social inequalities.

Author: LORENZO LÓPEZ LAURA.
Year: 2006.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: Given that the exact nature of atencional decline that accompanies aging and its neural substrate remain unclear, the overall aim of the thesis was to characterize the changes associated with age in the process of selective attention during the execution of a task visual search, which correlates psychophysiological have been previously described in young subjects. To that end, we analyze the responses power since the scalp through technical evoked potentials (EP), and functional brain images obtained with different types of tests search by adding a specialized program tomography brain electrical low resolution ( sLORETA). We selected a sample of 39 healthy subjects of both sexes, who were divided into two groups according to age (17 subjects youth, 18-24 years; 22 elderly subjects, 60-84 years). It presented a visual search task in which subjects should detect the presence of a stimulus objective that was different from distracting for his guidance. In addition, in order to assess the possible shift of attention to a stimulus irrelevant outgoing, a stimulus defined by a different characteristic (color) without prior knowledge of the subject. In terms of behavior, there was an increase in reaction time means and a decrease in the rate of hits with age, in a manner consistent with previous behavioral studies in which an execution has proved slower and less accurate at the elderly. From the point of view psychophysiological was observed component N2pc in both age groups before Tests goal, suggesting that such incentives require a shift in attention to its location in order to be properly processed by the subject. In addition, there was an increase in latency and a decrease in the amplitude of N2pc in the elderly, providing the first evidence that the aging process slows down and reduces the focus of attention selectively. The results relating to component P3 also indicated that the elderly take more time to assess the incentives, and fewer resources allocated atencionales that youth processing. On the other hand, young subjects was observed activation in a wide network of brain regions before Tests stimulus relevant. However, before Tests stimulus irrelevant to the trials and homogeneous local areas observed maximum visual extraestriadas related to the processing visuoperceptivo, suggesting that this kind of testing before the search was driven mainly by information available in the visual cortex without the involvement of control processes atencional. Unlike the young, the elderly had no differential activation patterns depending on the type of test, but showed activation maximum prefrontales areas throughout the task. These results suggest a reduction in neural specialization with age that could be reflecting psychophysiological processes related to the maintenance of the rule atencional and therefore a greater effort to do the job. Finally, the results showed a significant hipoactivación neural age-related in various areas involved in care selective, whose activation could be critical for proper execution. These results suggest the existence of an age-associated alteration in the ability to regulate the attention of a selective manner, which could contribute to the deterioration observed in the implementation of the older subjects. In short, overall results of this thesis suggests that the cognitive decline associated with aging in visual search tasks seems to be determined mainly by a decline atencional, which caracteriz 8 to by a 409 slowdown both processes displacement of care and assessment processes and categorization of stimuli, for a less efficient allocation of resources atencionales, for a reduction in neural specialization, and finally by a hipoactivación of post and frontal cortical structures critical to the proper tasks of selective attention.

Author: FERNÁNDEZ GÓMEZ CESÁREO.
Year: 2006.
University: SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA [www.usc.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAÍS VASCO.

Summary: INTRODUCTION The study of the factors that favor the initiation and escalation in the use of drugs is a vital scientific and rational basis for the design and evaluation of educational and preventive actions in drug use. Objectives The overall objective is to study the association between drug use among adolescents and young adults of both sexes and different age groups and socio-demographic characteristics, community, family, school, friends and individual favoring such use (risk factors) or that protect against them (protective factors). Specific objectives include:-Update knowledge on risk factors and protective factors in the use of drugs, through a review of the scientific literature. B-To propose a method for assessing the major risk factors and protective drug use. C-To test the ability of this method to assess these risk factors and protective factors for predicting major and drug use. MATERIALS AND METHODS It collects information through different scales, on the main risk factors and protective factors in drug use, with the following procedure: * Design Studio with random sampling and stratified by populated areas. * SHOW Until a total of 1659 teenagers and young adults of both sexes aged 14 and 25 years, residing in 9 locations in the District Salnés, in the province of Pontevedra. * VARIABLES AND INSTRUMENTS OF THE STUDY A questionnaire was used to collect information using different scales, on the main risk factors and protective drug concerning characteristics: sociodemographic, family, community, school performance and adaptation and education , socially (peers, friends, social networks), personal characteristics (personality psychopathology, behavioral habits, risk behaviors, etc..). * STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A descriptive analysis-core B-contingency tables with exact tests for statistical based on the chi-square. C-Correlation bi-variada not parametric. D-factorial analysis of main components. E,- Análisis para determinar la fiabilidad de los instrumentos utilizados (consistencia interna de las escalas, etc.) y su validez para predecir el consumo de drogas (pruebas de ajuste a la normalidad, análisis de la varianza, pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas) . F-multivariate analysis to assess the predictive ability of the variables studied in drug use (multinomial logistic regression analysis). RESULTS A - has been updated knowledge on major risk factors and protective factors in drug use among adolescents and young adults. B-We have adapted a series of scales with adequate reliability and validity for evaluating the major risk factors and fctores protection in the use of drugs and wing great majority of them have proved valid to explain and predict drug use among a sample of adolescents and young adults in an area of the province of Pontevedra. C - The study has revealed what are the major risk factors and protective factors sociodemographic, community, family, school, friends and individual drug use among adolescents and young people in the sample, both men and women and in different age groups. Conclusions The use of drugs has been explained from a model based on its determinants (risk factors and protective factors). This explanation may serve to guide subsequent educational and preventive measures in drug use among adolescents and young adults in other geographical areas.

Author: HUEDO MEDINA TANIA BIBIANA.
Year: 2006.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Author: PEREZ BURGOS ANGELA MARIA.
Year: 2006.
University: LLEIDA [www.udl.es].
Place of defense: UNIVERSIDAD DE LLEIDA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE LLEIDA.

Summary: CONSIDERING THE BASE AS MODEL OF AGGRESSION GENERAL (GAM), ARISING RELATIONS BETWEEN THE FEATURES OF PERSONALITY OF EYSENCK And ZUCKERMAN IN THE FORECAST FOR THE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR (PHYSICS AND VERBAL) IN A SAMPLE OF 315 KIDS (AVERAGE AGE: 13.52) and 272 GIRLS (AVERAGE AGE: 13.56) STUDENTS OF SECONDARY INSTITUTES LLEIDA. IT IS ALSO DISCUSS THE INFLUENCE OF THE VARIABLES IRA SUCH CONDUCT AND EMPATIA ON AGGRESSIVE. EMPLOYEES ARE THE INSTRUMENTS: SSS-J, EPQ-J, STAXI-NA, ACE inhibitors and AFV. RESULTS INDICATE THAT: THE PHYSICAL AGRESIVIDAD RELACIONA IS WITH THE PSICOTICISMO AND THE IRA AGRESIVIDAD VERBALE RELACIONA N IS WITH THE NEUROTICISMO And DESINHIBICION THE EMPATIA NOT CONTAINED AS A FACTOR FOR PROTECTION IN FRONT OF THE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR. ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE SHOW, WHICH CAN OBSERVE THE IRA HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE ON AGRESIVIDAD, ESPECIALLY ON THE GIRLS AGRESIVIDAD VERBALE. HE CONCLUDES THAT THE PSICOTICISMO, DESINHIBICION AND IRA RASGO PREDICEN THE TREND IN BOTH GENDER TO INVOLUCRARSE IN BEHAVIOR AGRESIVOS