ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS IN PSYCHOLOGY

Author: GALVE MANZANO JOSÉ LUIS.
Year: 2003.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA-SOMOSAGUAS.

Summary: It is analyzed from the perspective psicolingüstica or cognitive disabilities, the relationship between the effectiveness of the skills of reading and esctritura of normal children of the educational levels of the third course of elementary education in the first secondary education and cognitive processes, being outside the processing system lignüstico in general or the mechanisms of written language, in particular, working with them on that efficiency. It is believed that reading and writing are mediated by an information processing system that operates on different types of representations lingüsticas. This system would consist of a series of specific subsystems (lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic ..) forming a modular structure. It produces a battery of assessment language, which includes a series of tests designed to assess explore each of the processes and subprocesses involved in reading and writing. From a cognitive standpoint is to find out which systems work well and which are not. It addresses the processes glossaries, which follow two possible routes in the recognition of words, the direct route or lexical, phonological or indirect route. The syntactic processes, which are the processes by which identifies how origanizan words in the sentence, which means assigning labels syntactic to them. The semantic processes, explaining the knowledge and understanding of words and phrases through the operation of the processor semátncio. It deals with word processing, although it goes beyond the mere field of language processing, but considers it relevant to the objectives of this work.

Author: CID GONZALEZ ANTONIO PEDRO.
Year: 2003.
University: VIGO [www.uvigo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE VIGO.

Summary: This research is raising the analysis of the attitudes, fear and anxiety about death which are likely to show those suffering from cardiopatía isquémica and, if appropriate, propose a model to explain the relationship delas variables. The relationship between the variables. The research was conducted on a sample composed of an experimental group comprised of 102 subjects, sick cardiopatas, and a control group consisting of 53 students from the University of Vigo. The instruments of rocogida data used were the PAM-R (GESSER ET AL.1987-88) profile revised attitudes to death for measuring attitudes, the EMMM (HOELTER, 1979) scale multidimensional fear of death to measure the fear of the same and the DAS (templer 1970) scale of anxiety about death that evaluates the anxiety felt in the face and the fact of death. The variables in relation to which was the analysis were gender and diagnosis and the corresponding diagnostic subgroups. Analyzed That is the difference between healthy subjects and patients and also in this second group took into account the occurrence and severity in the same in their subgroups of angina and myocardial infarction. The results found in relation to the first of these variables, gender, show that there is no statistically significant differences in measures of attitudes, or anxiety in the face of death in the groups studied. For its part, the diagnosis introduces significant differences in attitudes and partly on fear but not so in anxiety, a situation that is repeated if cross both variables, gender and diagnosis.

Author: LUCEÑO MORENO MARIA LOURDES.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The paper presents an assessment tool that aims to identification of those psychosocial factors, in the employment context, are capable of producing voltage stress at work and hence, the emergence of numerous alterations on the health, both physical and psychological many workers subjected to adverse psychosocial factors. It works from more models used so far, the model demanda-control and model imbalance effort recompensa.A from these and revising the most commonly used Spanish population, is built step by step procedure and instrument called decorate 3R, whose name would be enlarged, cuestionario- demand -control -recompensa. The questionnaire allows us to predict adverse psychosocial factors within the contexts laborales.Su proper identification, facilitate, in the future, to intervene more effectively in order to prevent the onset of many diseases, as well as increase the efficiency of organizations.

Author: MARTINEZ GUERRERO JOSE IGNACIO.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN.

Summary: The central purpose of the investigation was to build and validate a tool for evaluation of the use of learning strategies for students at the university level, as well as test a model far from theoretical framework of self-regulated learning strategies, in order to assess the validity construct variables and dimensions measuring the instrumento.El questionnaire was applied to a sample of 2100 students in different careers and areas that are taught at the National Autonomous University of México.Mediante an exploratory factor analysis of the data identified a structure factorial consistently to propose a model measure, which was assessed with a methodology SEM analysis Factorial Confirmatorio.Con the same method were evaluated models measuring dimensions noted that the theoretical and conceptual framework of components of second order of relations between the factors latentes.Los main results of the study showed that confirmed the model madida eight factors, consus indicators, with good quality indices adjustment model and reliability levels Cronbach Alpha. 70 and 87 in the main factores.En assessment dimensions theoretical model, it was confirmed, with rates adjustment, GFI, AGFI, IFC, etc., older than 95 and values RMSEA MAYOR 0005, as one of the possible models that explain the relationship between the factors which measures the instrument as it showed the model components of the second orden.Otro goal adicioneal was to analyze and assess the items of the instrument used a model politómico responses and parameters estimated with the Model Response Graduate homogeneous case categories for the use of learning strategies in the items of each factor, the level of mdida and standard error, and the degree of differentiation and function of the item of information in each sub-escala.A Based on the results of the study has the details of the psychometric properties of the items and subscales assessed, allowing for adjustments required to propose a valid, reliable and useful for medri variables and indicators estartegias learning self-regulated.

Author: LÓPEZ GOÑI JOSÉ JAVIER.
Year: 2004.
University: NAVARRA [www.unav.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS HUMANAS Y SOCIALES.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS HUMANAS Y SOCIALES.

Summary: Introduction Between the years 1991 and 1998 the program Project Man of Navarre attended 618 personas.En this period of time the program was composed of three phases (Reception, Therapeutic Community and Reintegration). The average time of stay in the program was two and a half years. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We present two empirical studies. 1) a review of the 618 stories clinícas of all patients treated in this period, and 2) an evaluation of the effectiveness based on personal interviews (n = 155.57% of the sample located) to high therapeutic (n = 113; 65.7% of those already located a representative sample of dropouts (n = 42: 41.6%). RESULTS 1) 34.3% of patients completed the program in its entirety; 2) 56.3 % of women completing therapy compared with 35.2% of men, 3) high therapeutic presents a profile of consumption less severe than dropouts; 4) in the follow-up found that the main predictor of relapse absence is having completed treatment program; 5) the main triggers relapses are the reasons intrapersonal; 6) in all areas worth tracking significant improvements occurring (substance use, family status, education, employment, occupation entertainment / leisure , and state of health status); 7) high therapeutic and those who have not had relapses better appreciate the various elements of the program; 8) the therapeutic program has induciedo mejoreas in more areas of high therapeutic and those who have not had relapse: 9) leavers treatment "being tired of the groups" and "having achieved the goals set" not reviving it again, and 10) are enabling factors and dificultadores of stay in Therapeutic Community between men and women . CONCLUSIONS. 1) program Poyecto Man of Navarre presents some benefits to be maintained over time, 2) the gains were spread to other areas other than the consumption of substances, 3) those who are comfortable with teamwork and those who find useful to treatments that are most likely to fill it; 4) in so far as it responds to the needs and expectations of patients, treatment outcomes persist. It also discusses the operativización the concept of relapse, establishing a series of recommendations on the treatment program and raises new lines of inquiry.

Author: PEREZ RIESTRA MARGARITA.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FAC. FILOSOFÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA.

Summary: This research identifies and compares the powers of the successes and fracasosde students high and low performance, and between men and women. In addition, it evaluates the perception is that the students of the causes atribucionales (skill, effort, difficulty of the task and lucky) considering the size of internality, stability and controllability as exposed by Bernard Weiner. Finally, it identifies and compares the expectations of achievement in both groups. This research uses as a reference the Theory of Achievement Grounds Weiner (1979). Their model provides that students always look for reasons for the results of the tasks that these academic and possess the ability to control their achievements. It adds that they have the perception of personal control is closely related to academic performance and perceived control is reflected in the powers that are of academic achievement. The data were collected through a questionnaire taking into consideration the needs. Our research and culture of the Puerto Rican students. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of 222 undergraduate students of high and low academic performance from the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. Data were analyzed through techniques .- logistic regression analysis descriptive t test. The results showed that students in high as well as low-performing men and women were empowered to success and ITacasos largely to the effort. While no difference was observed in the conduct of its powers if there were in the magnitude of the responses. Students in high performance outstrip those of low internal powers and slow performance outweigh the high in the external powers. With regard to percepción-que have students of the causes, it is observed that both groups see the effort and luck with similar proposals in the form of theoretical Weiner. While the perceived ability and the difficulty of the task differently. Students indicated that the ability to be manageable and the difficulty of the task unstable and controllable. In the expectations of achievement differences were found among students of high and low performance. Students in high performance expectations are higher for a better academic performance for students with low yields. Interestingly enough, the low yields not expect their future performance is bad or very bad.

Author: PANADERO HERRERO SONIA.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: This work was conducted with the primary objective of evaluating the effectiveness dc a set of prpgramas for the homeless in the city of Madrid. Starting dc identifying needs (lack of useful tools for desucripción of such programs and the absence of such studies in our country) will be carried out three different studies that make up this work. First developed an initial study to develop a tool for the description of programs to combat inclusion. The result of this work was the structured interview modules Social Inclusion, whose performance was tested through a pilot study in 12 programs. The results mostraronn that the interview was brief and easy implementation and discriminated between programs. In the second study, Study Program, was conducted desucripción of the fundamental aspects of a set of programs for the homeless (11), selected by cumplír 'criteria of good practices Previously aCordados. The results of this study show some significant gaps in these progmmas, but also identificalron some positive features, such as the active involvement of users in the operation of programs, individual intervention and intensive, and the existence of multidisciplinary teams. Finally, the survey of users assessed the status of 130 users of these programs in different variables: quality of life, self-esteem, health, satisfaction with the program, drug and alcohol perceived change. Evaluations were carried out in three stages after the first interview, two interviews were conducted after the 6 and 12 months, which interviewed 55 people in each of them. This study shows more significant in some respects irelevantes situation of housing, economic status, health, satisfaction with life in general, with family relationships and leisure. These changes came mostly at the expense of 12 months. Keywords: Homelessness, program evaluation.

Author: VALLÉS ARÁNDIGA ANTONIO.
Year: 2005.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA.

Summary: The Social Fobia (FS) is an accused and persistent fear of one or more situations or in public proceedings in which the subject is exposed to people who do not belong to the family or to the possible assessment by others. The individual act so feared (or show anxiety symptoms) that is humiliating or embarrassing (DSM-IV, 1994; 9. 427). Adolescence is revealed as a critical period in which it must be done detection and early intervention on the Social Fobia, given the significant impact it has on the personal life, school and social life of the subject. From the viewpoint of the treatment of CHF in adolescence, IAFS (Intervention with Adolescent Social Fobia) (Olivares and García - López, 1998) is a multi-treatment program designed to reduce and / or eliminate the responses of anxiety social improve social skills and increase the number of pleasant social activities in order to allow adolescents and their reintegration participation in the social context, along the lines of relationships and social interaction expected for their age group and cultural reference , whose effectiveness has been proven repeatedly (García - López, 2000; Olivares, 2005; Olivares and García - López, 2001; Olivares, García - López, Hidalgo, Turner and Beidel, 1999; Olivares, Rosa and Piqueras, 2005) . Based on this fact, the present work has been estimated that the weight can have on the effects generated by the IAFS unspecified variables. For this purpose has been studied in a sample of adolescents with Generalized Social Fobia, relations between the effects generated by a group of active control (with FS adolescents treated through a program of learning strategies, without training in relaxation techniques and breathing ), a control group liabilities (adolescents with Fobia Social "waiting list") and a group of teenagers with CHF treated with the IAFS. The results obtained in the investigation highlights the following conclusions: 1. Los sujetos que pertenecen al Grupo de Tratamiento IAFS frente a los del Grupo de Control Activo y Grupo de Control Pasivo ven reducidos en mayor medida, tanto a corto como a medio plazo, los valores de las dimensiones de sus respuestas de ansiedad social en los tres systems. 2. Subjects treated in the Group IAFS against those who receive it in the Group Assets Control through a Learning Strategies Program obtained in the short and medium term a further increase in the frequency of their conduct assertive and self-esteem. 3. Subjects belong to the group Treatment IAFS reported experiencing short-term disruption for less interference in areas such as information concerning their family, social life, academic, couple and leisure, as well as a reduction in the number of social situations dreaded. 4. From the analysis of the effect sizes, the treatment reaches is the largest group Treatment IAFS when compared with other experimental conditions, the program IAFS proving more effective in the treatment of CHF that the Learning Strategies Program an employee in the Group Assets Control, and more effective, both, that the absence of treatment that characterized the Control Panel Liabilities. 5. Except in the Scale of maladjustment, the data resulting from intra comparisons reveal that the program IAFS treatment showed statistically significant differences in regard to itself all measures postest-seguimiento. 6. In light of the data obtained regarding the clinical significance, there is a higher efficacy of treatment package IAFS, compared with the rest of experimental conditions, with a greater reduction in social situations feared reported in the pretest, using criteria 100%, 75% and 50% favoring the group IAFS. 7. The variables unspecified seem to play a very marginal role in the production of changes in human behavior, when they are referring to the variables directly dependent relationship 8 adas with 283 the Social Fobia.

Author: ABU MALLOUH REEM.
Year: 2005.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Author: AUSÍN BENITO BERTA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The scales of results for the elderly, Health of the Nation for Older Adults (HoNOS65 +), are composed of 12 scales assessing various physical and psychosocial problems of the elderly for 65 years, which can be used routinely in a clinical setting and constitutes a useful tool for measuring progress, change or evolution of humans. This Doctoral Thesis has the following objectives: 1-Translating HoNIS65 + into Spanish and study its psychometric properties (reliability and validity). 2-To develop a version HoNOS65 + Autoaplicada in Spanish. 3-To compare both versions through the intraclass coefficient of reliability. To achieve these goals, a reverse translation of NoNOS65 + into Spanish. Then, I interviewed a sample of 250 people older than 65 years, users of 10 centers of Madrid and were administered HoNOS65 +, as well as other tests that evaluated similar constructs. We studied the reliability (internal consistency and reliability interjueces) and validity (concurrent and construct) versions of love. The results of these studies show that both versions HoNOS65 + in Spanish presented acceptable psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity is concerned. These versions have been recognized by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, as official versions HoNOS65 + in Spanish, and glossaries of both versions are available for free on the web this British Official College.

Author: POSTIGO CLAROS MONTSERRAT.
Year: 2005.
University: MÁLAGA [www.uma.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: The objective of this research has been to deepen the study of two related factors from the literature with the origin and maintenance of obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD), the beliefs about "excessive liability" (which focuses model theoretical Salkovskis, 1985, 1989) and control strategies of thought (as is proposed in the theoretical model of Wells and Davies, 1994). This work has been intended to explore the extent to which influence each of these variables in maintaining obsessions clinics and to determine if the "excessive liability" has a vital role in the development of OCD or this ownership is shared by other variables . Thus, in the present investigation we sought to answer the following questions: 1-Â Which of the two models mentioned (Salkovskis, 1985, 1989 or Wells and Davies, 1994) is more appropriate to explain the maintenance of obsessions? 2-Â What role is played exactly the TOC control strategies thoughts? 3-Â How influence interpretations catastrofistas of intrusive thoughts beliefs of "excessive liability" compared with dysfunctional beliefs hour?. In connection with these objectives, the major contributions of this thesis to the scientific knowledge are as follows. First, literature has become less emphasis on the relevance of the model Wells and Davis (1994) focusing primarily on the Salkoskis (1985, 1989). The results of this thesis show that both models contribute to the same extent to explain the persistence of obsessions. Thus, the beliefs of responsibility as excessive control strategies of thought (mostly punishment) could explain this disorder. These data are relevant to therapy TOC: use of intervention techniques designed to replace the dysfunctional strategies used by subjects (punishment) by more adaptive (distraction). Secondly, the role of control strategies of thought seems to be different in the general population and in the clinic population (patients with OCD most frequently used strategy punishment as the other groups). This finding may have important implications for the prevention of disorder. Thirdly, the three types of beliefs studied (responsibility excessive overestimation of the threat to the uncertainty and indecision) help explain the dysfunctional interpretations of intrusive thoughts. These findings are relevant for their implications for the cognitive-behavioral intervention in the TOC.