CULTURE AND PERSONALITY

Author: HEDERICH MARTINEZ CHRISTIAN.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO.

Summary: This paper is a reflection on a series of research for nearly 15 years on the subject of cognitive style in the size of dependencia-independencia field (DIC) on samples of Colombian population. As such, it seeks to perform a critical synthesis of some major results, assess the state of knowledge obtained about the construct and propose directions for the future. Three major aspects are examined. The first elaborates on the nature of the scale, describes developments and elaborates its major theoretical problems and operational. In each case seeks progress in finding answers to some major criticism. The latest trends in research in the field are presented and discussed in the light of some of our results. The second examines the cultural influences on the dependencia-independencia field. It looks as separate data the influence of patterns of upbringing and cultural background on the trend towards DEC. In each case are raised and discussed the traditional assumptions that have guided research and suggests new hypotheses. The results indicate the presence of cultural influences clear in the DIC which can be explained by the structure of family -patriarcal or matriarcal- and guidance efocéntrica or sociocéntrica group. The third aspect we go into the relationship between educational achievement and cognitive style in this dimension. The main antecendentes are examined in the light of information gathered in an investigation on Colombian students. The results, formalized in an analysis model roads, show complex and contradictory relationship between cognitive style and educational attainment, which can be interpreted on the basis of cultural contradictions.

Author: SELLAMI KHADIJA.
Year: 2006.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: The study compares two samples, one Moroccan and one Spanish in a wide range of variables: intelligence, personality, motivation, welfare, auto-competencia, social support, affection, satisfaction with life, family and community, gender roles, securities perception of the family, myself, man, a woman, the nation and religion, as well as male and female stereotype. Having performed a comprehensive literature search, the analysis carried out include mean differences, discrimination between groups, correlation analysis, regression and factorials. The technique for obtaining the common factors in both samples has been to Buss and Royce (1975), and the most important results are as follows: a) In the Spanish intelligence obtained significantly higher scores to Moroccan b) personality Moroccans presented lower extraversión but lower neurotism, psicoticismo rigidity and the Spaniards. C) motivation Moroccans tend more towards greater attribution both internally and externally in comparison with Spaniards. D) All variables welfare, social support from friends and associations as well as satisfaction with life and the community are greater in Spain than in Morocco. E) The variables of social support from family and satisfaction with the family are very similar in both samples f) With regard to gender roles, Moroccans show a more traditional role and the role Spanish and more egalitarian feminist or g) Values guiding the lives of Moroccans are the values of achievement, power, tradition, security and compliance, while Spaniards highlighted more in the defense of values such as universality, hedonism, auto-competencia and benevolence h) Regarding the stereotype male and female Both samples perceive men as male, while the Moroccans also see it as brave, strong and independent, these adjectives men added nothing but more Moroccan women also see man as adventurous and cruel. At the adjective male, or men and Spanish women add nothing more. The Moroccan female stereotype is characterized by the adjective tender, the man did not add anything more and Moroccan women adds adjectives weak, passive, sensitive and dreamer. The female stereotype has nothing in common between Moroccan and Spanish; Spaniards saw the woman as feminine and sexy, these adjectives Spanish women not add anything else but the Spaniards go to the Spanish as soft. Also analysis has been made taking into account sex and marital status, found enough differences in most of the variables except in the securities field.

Author: DA CUNHA ROSANE LUIZA.
Year: 2006.
University: LEÓN [www.unileon.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FILOSOFIA Y LETRAS.
Place of preparation: AREA DE PSICOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA Y DE LA EDUCACIÓN.

Summary: THESIS DOCTORAL TRAFFICKING IS THE REALITY OF FAMILY ALSO ON THE FAMILY PARADÓJICA, MODEL FOR CULTURE OF FAMILY FOUND MORE FREQUENT IN STUDIES J. Palacios (1995) IN SPAIN. MODEL FREQUENT AND GROWING, WE HAVE ALSO FOUND IN OUR STUDIES IN BRAZIL IN A POPULATION OF 844 CHILDREN AND GIRLS OF THE SCHOOL. THESIS DOCTORAL TRAFFICKING IN THIS FAMILY AS A SYSTEM IN THE ELEMENTS CULTURALES- IN PARTICULAR, HERE TO THE CULTURE OF POBREZA- LEARNING SOCIAL VALUES FAMILY, THE SOCIALIZACIÓN FAMILY AND OTHERS ARE NOT TOMEN WITH A INTENCIONALIDAD DESCRIPTIVE And EXPLANATORY AS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, AT LARGE, BUT AS A WAY OF POSIBILITAR A REFLECTION ON THE DYNAMICS AND COMPLEXITIES OF THE INTERRELACIÓN MEMORANDUM AND BELIEFS FIRMES And CONSISTENTES THAT ENVUELVEN ESA CULTURE FAMILY THAT IS COVERED BY CHILDREN AND GIRLS IN PARTICULAR THE MODEL CULTURE OF FAMILY PARADÓJICA. CULTURE IN THE FAMILY PARADÓJICA POWER HIGHLIGHTS AS KEY DATA. COMPETITIVENESS, ENEMISTAD AND ANTAGONISMO FORWARDED FEELINGS AS MORE RELEVANT TO ADORNAN THIS MODEL FAMILY CULTURE. IN THIS DESIGN SISTÉMICA, UNDERSTANDING OF THE CULTURE IS MORE FAMILY SUBJETIVA, GIVEN THAT PRODUCES PROCESSES SIMBÓLICOS THAT NEED TO BE EVALUATED AND RESPECTED AS UNIQUE AS OWN FAMILY GROUP OF CONCRETE. HABLAMOS DOCTORAL THESIS ON THIS PROCESS EDUCATIONAL, AND NOT PROCESS OF EDUCATION TO AVOID ONE VISION REDUCCIONISTA HOW CAN SUGERIR THOUGHT THAT EXISTIRÍA SINGLE AND UNIQUE STYLE OF EDUCATION TO APPLY TO GIRLS AND CHILDREN, OR IN THE FAMILY CULTURE. HABLAMOS ALSO OF INTERACTION OF REFLECTION AND NOT ADAPTATION. WE SPEAK OF PULSIÓN OF AUTOCONSERVACIÓN AND NOT FOR IDENTIFICATION. WE SPEAK OF NEW CONCEPTS THAT PERMITIRÍAN BASAR NEW PSYCHOLOGY CAN IDENTIFICARSE AS PSYCHOLOGY SISTÉMICA OR SYSTEMS. THIS NEW PSYCHOLOGY POSIBILITARÍA UNDERSTAND THE FAMILY, AND NOT AS AN ENVIRONMENT AGLOMERADOS PEOPLE IN CONFLICT ANTAGONISMO, FIGHT THE POWER, BUT THE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW AN ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH ARE THE PEOPLE SUPPORT, HELP IS, SECURITY, LOVE, HARMONY O FRIENDSHIP. A ABORDAJE SISTÉMICA WE ALLOWED TO EVALUATE THE VALUES Dominant IN THE FAMILY, THE EMOTIONS AND FEELINGS OF CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE, AND FROM AHÍ ACHIEVING THE SOCIETY. AND ALL THAT WAY ESPECULATIVA BUT NOT ONE WAY OF PREVENTION IN A LINE OF ETHICS Humanist. MODUS OPERANDI OF THIS ALLOWS, to our mind, CONDUCT AN IMPORTANT TASK: TRANSFORMING THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN AND ORGANIZATIONS EDUCATIONAL. THE PSICÓLOGOS EVOLUTIVOS SABEN THAT TRASFORMAR AND CHANGE TASK IS NOT EASY, BUT IS, HOWEVER, THE QUESTION OF SURVIVAL. DOCTORAL THESIS ON THIS IS WHAT BUSCAMOS: CHANGE TO GROW AND IMPROVE, DESPITE THE RISKS THAT COULD CHANGE THE OFFER. THE GOAL OF THIS GENERAL THESIS DOCTORAL IS HOW TO EVALUATE THE VALUES OF THE FAMILY PARADÓJICA INFLUENCE IN EDUCATION, AS SIENTEN CHILDREN THE SECURITIES AND BELIEF IN THE FAMILY, TO SECURE OR INSEGURA.