LEARNING PROBLEMS

Author: LARRAÑAGA RUBIO M. ELISA.
Year: 2003.
University: CASTILLA-LA MANCHA [www.uclm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN Y HUMANIDADES DE CUENCA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA.

Summary: The aim of the thesis is to analyze the process of education in the habits readers in its social dimension, the acquisition of reading as a habit comprtamental, considering what the variables may be involved in its development and context of the habit of reading in college students . order to carry out the research we have developed a questionnaire that includes information on the activity lectoral current and reading children, the influence of the context of development and modeling reader. These results lead us to confirm the highest level reader academics on population general.Áparece the instrumental use of reading and the justification for not read by the lack of time lire, although it is generally perceived as readers. The differential analysis depending on the level of reading allows us to define the pattern of behavioral and motivational subject reader, which defines different lifestyle is inserted into the reading with social actividad.La presentation reader is shared by the subjects which constitute each readers and groups associated with the conduct engaged in, justifying their activity and acting in comparison with a social identity endogrupo positive for the desirability social.Posteriormente, based on the variables that define the pattern reader proponemeos a úndice lextor for determining the habit of reading of the subject, taking into account the different perspectives of analysis that have reached statistical significance, was formed by sources direct, indirect, social and perceptive. In targeting the reader find a group activity that define com "false readers" because it presents some responses activity lectorea qu does not correspond withthe reading voluntarily, or in line with the changing social and motivations of the habit of reading. Regarding the university its influences occurs primarily in the motivational component of the reading activity, leading to a reduction in the number of non-readers subjects and a slight increase in the habit of reading.

Author: BERNEDO MUÑOZ ISABEL M..
Year: 2004.
University: MÁLAGA [www.uma.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: This study raises describe and analyze the relationships of teenagers taken in by his grandparents with individual members of the family system (with grandparents cozy, with parents, siblings and other relatives), the support received and desired by the grandparents satisfaction with the care, the problems of development and behavior of adolescents, the school situation and the knowledge and acceptance of teenagers from his personal history. The sample consists of 70 teenagers (aged between 11 and 17 years) in fostering with her grandparents, as well as by their own grandparents cozy (54 families). Instruments have been used to Affect Scale and the Scale Standards and Requirements (Besabé, Metric and Fuentes 2001), Chelckit Behavior Children List (CBCL/6/18, Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001), the Youth Self Report (YSR/11-18, Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001) and Interview on Family Relations in Application with Grandparents (version version grandparents and grandchildren, and Bernedo Fuentes, 2003). The results provide the following information: a) adolescents have good relationships with the different members of the family system, b) the grandparents receive little support material and social c) both grandparents as teenagers are happy with the reception d) teenagers show little development challenges both at the beginning of the reception, as at present; e) the majority of adolescents is in the range of normal and CBCL YSR in behavioral problems, although 35% of boys and 23% girls are placed inthe clinical range of the scale of internalization of CBL and 26% of boys and 26% of girls in the clinical range of the scale of outsourcing of CBCL f) 33% of adolescents presents late school, and 57% have learning difficulties, but his behavior at school is good and has good relations with their teachers and classmates g) most adolescents know your personal history and does not feel different from their peers and friends being in foster care, but has few resources of its past. Keywords: teenagers, grandparents, foster care with extended family, family relationships, behavioral problems, acceptance of personal history.

Author: Morán Fraga Humberto.
Year: 2004.
University: A CORUÑA [www.udc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.

Summary: In this dissertation is the investiagación to learn the processes of learning and motivational strategy that develops students galician vocational training and to determine their influence on their academic performance a set of variables cognitivo-motivacionales. These include on the one hand, the causal powers of performance, self-image, the study conditions at home and family attitudes before the study and, second, approaches learning and academic goals of the students. All information was collected through questionnaires and scales in working sessions developed with the students during the regular school hours. The data were analyzed using the method of principal components factor analysis, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis from a representative sample of n = 771 subjects belonging to the studies Training Middle Grade in Galicia. The results show that the processes of learning that students desarrollla usually determinadsos primarily by the powers grounds. The powers and internal controllable having significant in determining the processes based on the approaches to the meaning (EOR-SG) and the goals of learning processes which to a lesser extent also receive the influence of academic self-image, attitudes relatives who express confidence in the students and the study of conditions that reflect the use of resources, organization and autonomy in its decisions. For its part, the powers and uncontrollable external processes especially determined based on the approaches to reproduction and the goals of strengthening social, secondarily also receive the influence of certain internal functions of the social dimensions of self-image and practices relatives reinforcing externally performance. The results also reveal that the academic self-image is the most important determinant of performance, which also receives the positive influence of family attitudes expressing satisfaction with the results and confidence in the posiblilidades the student to and from processes based approaches oriented meaning and the goals of learning. At the same time, the performance also receives the negative influence of the dimensions of self-image (especially the "fitness") and process-based approaches aimed at reproduction (EOR-SP) and the goals of social reinforcement.

Author: Brenlla Blanco Juan Carlos.
Year: 2004.
University: A CORUÑA [www.udc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.

Summary: In this thesis is the investigation led to know the styles of powers grounds, learning processes motivational and strategic as well as academic goals, skills bilingà ¼ is and attitudes lingüsticas developed by the students of secondary education (ESO and Baccalaureate) in Galicia. Through the model 3P (Premonition / Context, Process, Product) has been determined influential variables related to the powers grounds, academic goals, approaches to learning and attitudes lingüsticas on the academic performance of students said education secondary in Galicia. All data were collected in working sessions developed with the students during the regular school hours, through Scales and cuestiionarios specific which has won its reliability and validity, which have been analyzed data from the statistical package SPSS, using the method of principal components factor analysis, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis from a representative sample of n = 1,386 subjects belonging to the Compulsory Secondary Education and Baccalaureate. The results show that the learning process guidance to the meaning and understanding (EOR_SG) and that the student develops mostly exert a positive influence on academic performance, while the guidance surface (aimed at memorization / playback) exert an influence negative. In connection with the variables family, it was discovered that the satisfaction of the family in connection with the student's school work, in its assessment of the capacity and its effort, as well as strengthening education and the relationship familia-centro are variables exert an important influence on school performance. Moreover, the so-called academic goals Goals Learning and Performance Goals / Achievement maintain a positive effect on school performance and negative when the goals are Yield / Strengthening social. For its part, in relation to the competencies Lingüsticas that have been considered by the students of secondary education in Galicia has found that the levels of competition lingüstica and attitudes lingüsticas which exerts a significant effect on the learning process-oriented meaning or understanding (EOR-SG) and academic performance. If we take into account the effects of causal attributions on the learning process and performance has been observed that dominate the causal powers to the effort and ability (internal and controllable) with influence on good academic performance, while to have a negative effect powers faculty, the luck, to the low capacity and ease of materials (external and uncontrollable powers).

Author: Ziemer Marcos Fernando.
Year: 2004.
University: A CORUÑA [www.udc.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación.

Summary: This doctoral thesis consists of an investigation aimed at verifying and analyzing the situation of students in Higher Education in northern Brazil in what it says regarding academic performance, the reasons and strategies for learning. So it was snecesario obtain data trazasen the profile of the student, his catacterísticas general and specific data through their personal, family and academics. We also checked to what extent the cocepto of gracaso school, the cultural interests, conditions of the students study in the family environment, the behavior of the family in front of the studies and the choice of academic goals, processes and approaches learning influence on the performance of students in Higher Education. The data were collected through the application, in the normal classroom hours, a test of intelligence and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the method of principal components of anlálisis factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), indices of reliability (Cronbach alpha), and Pearson correlations test Kruskal-Walis from a sample of 407 students enrolled in selected courses in four campus of the Lutheran University of Brazil in the northern region. The results verify that the intelligence (CI = higher yields higher) and sex (especially in the case of female), age (students between 16 and 20 years = highest CI), and schooling from parents (especially those with training in the Higher Secondary Education or) influence on the academic achievement of students. On the other hand, the concept of academic failure, the cultural interests of the students and their conditions of the study showed exert little influence on performance. Only the item of freedom that the student has to determine when, where and how to study presented a strong influence on performance. Regarding the item that was the behavior of the family in what he says regarding trust, reward, satisfaction and expectations of future professional who has family in relation to the student found very positive influence in relation to academic performance. The results also revealed that the goals of academic learning and result interfere with the performance of the student. In terms of learning approaches was proven the influendcia approach meaning in relation to obtaining high performance. The results also find that the reasons for learning deep relate to the obtaining of a high academic performance and cosmetic reasons are related to the obtaining of a low yield. At the same time that the learning strategies confirmed their deep connection with the acquisition of a high performance, on the other hand was not confirmed the terms of the motives and strategies result in relation to obtaining a high academic performance.

Author: CORDOBA ANDRADE LEONOR.
Year: 2004.
University: SALAMANCA [www.usal.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: The objective of this investigation was to assess satisfaction with the quality of life in families of children and adolescents with disabilities. The sample of 385 families. Two studies were conducted. The first, adaptation and validation of the Quality of Life Scale Family (ECVF) for families of people with disabilities. The second evaluation of satisfaction with the quality of life for families. In the first study the scale showed adequate stability adapted temporary r = 0.68 in Importance r = 0.78 in satisfaction, and excellent internal consistency: Alfa Importance of Cronbach 0.96 for and 0.95 for satisfaction. The validity of the content was determined by agreement between expert judges with a coefficient of Cronbach alpha of 0.94 for category. In addition, through Factor Analysis Confirmatorio corroborating that the factorial structure of the ECVF adapted to Colombia was statistically similar to the original (five factors) factorial with weights exceeding 0.50 in the 41 items. The second study was performed a descriptive analysis of the socio-demographic information from the sample and the factors and indicators of ECVF. It was also developed an inferential analysis to check the relationship between satisfaction with the quality of family life with such variables as the type of disability, age, gender, type of family, socioeconomic status and relationship of the person who responded to the scale with the member the family with disabilities. It was found that the factor that families were more likely dissatisfaction was to support the disabled person and indicators to get support from the government and support from local authorities for the family member with disabilities. In verifying assumptions no differences were found among families with respect to the variables of the study.

Author: GÓMEZ CRESPO MIGUEL ANGEL.
Year: 2004.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID [www.uam.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA UAM.

Summary: This thesis presents a research on teaching and learning model cinético-corpuscular the matter based on two pilot studies. The first focused on the analysis of the representations that students of different ages and levels of instruction (3Âş SCS to university graduates) remain on the nature of matter and its changes. Have been studied on three cores fundamental discontinuity of the art and the notion of empty, the intrinsic motion of the particles that compose and mechanisms involved in the changes. It has analyzed the use of various categories of response depending on two variables: age and education of participants and the content of the task (how we presented the matter macroscopic). Beyond the nature of the concepts, it has analyzed the consistency with which the students used their performances. There has been a second approach from the idea that students with different ages and levels remain very similar representations, in the search for new ways of classifying students depending on the kind of representation they maintain. The result has been the identification of five distinct learning profiles that help to propose a course of progress in learning the art of corpuscular model. The second pilot study have been tested, in terms of classrooms, two teaching strategies. The first, from a perspective of the conceptual change as a process designed redescripción representational, assumes a model of learning through differentiation and matching between the macroscopic models that keep students and microscopic model school. The second is based on the same principles, but supplements education with the possibility that the student will use computer simulations. In a pretest design / post, have compared these two proposals of instruction compared to a more traditional classroom work (control group), based on the statement of the scientific model and its application to the explanation of significant cases. The results show that the three types of instruction learning occurs, but the two experimental systems, significantly facilitate greater aprendizjae, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The teaching model not only induces a greater student progress, but also produces more consistent performances. The introduction of simulations shows more effectively, especially among students who come from a lower profile to those who think that provides external representation systems that help represent models of microscopic chemistry. In the second part of the study comparing the performances and profiles of learning before and after instruction. In this way, it has tried to analyze what changes when students learn and how change occurs representations. It confirms the validity of the line of progression proposal in the first study. Besides shows two mechanisms of change in learning. A batch mechanism that occurs when the student changes the model daily to the scientist and a more progressive mechanisms with which combine representations alternatives, making them more consistent, pre-shift to the model. This research supplements the already large group of works on the understanding of the nature and properties of matter. However, several new features that it is appropriate to outline methodology. In this thesis is used primarily quantitative approach that allows the pilot to test the hypotheses and quantify the effect of different variables studied, supplemented with a more qualitative approach. One of the contributions of this research, from the previous investigations in which it is based, is the introduction of quantitative ways to measure consistency. The index assigns consistency ac 8 ada suje 2d1 to a score that allows continuous analysis and quantitative comparisons between parametric variables. Likewise, introducing profiles that allow learning to classify students based on their understanding of the problem help define the lines of progression in learning.

Author: APARECIDA BRANDAO SUMEIRE.
Year: 2005.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: When we talk about the nature of applied psychology to education, its scope and its relation to education in Brazil, it aims to analyze the psychological theories behind the teaching-learning process in the backdrop of the Brazilian education. It is of great interest also addressing the context socio-educacional and relations teacher / pupil, providing time for study, reflection and analysis of the content focused, so as to allow the student to gain a critical awareness of the contributions of psychology respect on education, gaining autonomy in their assessments and proposals for alternative solution to the problem of classrooms and teaching learning processes. Since thoughts, experiences and discussions with students of the degree courses, and taking into account various matters of extreme importance to the teaching-learning process happens so effective, I have investigated alternative ways, such as using the computer as a tool mediator next to the teaching-learning process, to support the teacher and student in the quest for an effective knowledge and can work together with the increase in their self-esteem as well as the motivation of the teacher in the building so that students can get instead of citizens in this globalized world. The use in the classroom, the technological devices, the emergence of new cognitive psychology, more specifically of constructivism, have brought about significant contributions on the computer in the teaching-learning environment. These are multidisciplinary issues bearing on the junción of technology, cognitivism and computer education, knowledge still in stage rebullicios production and processing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of educational software playful, "Hercules and Jiló" in facilitating the process of teaching-learning of a group of students with learning difficulties, being literate, a school official primária the network of public education in the Federal District in Brasilia. This research also intends to prepare the master, for the knowledge and use of information technology education, as a pedagogical resource mediator, emphasizing the integration of educational dimensions, play and cognitive and socialization, which emphasizes interfaces with the content didactic teaching the curriculum of primary education, the school official of the Federal District - Brasilia. For both elejimos, our thesis, the software "Hercules and Jiló", which has an area of learning built from exploring the playful, here seen as inciting element of care, motivating and involving the individual knowledge and use of computer education, as a pedagogical resource mediator, emphasizing the integration of educational dimensions, play and cognitive and socialization, which emphasizes teaching interfaces with the content of educational curriculum of primary education, the school official of the Federal District - Brasilia. For both elejimos, our thesis, the software "Hercules and Jiló", which has an area of learning built from exploring the playful, here seen as inciting element of care, motivating and involving the individual in situations transfer of learning. The main characters of the program are children Hercules and his dog Jiló. It is possible to play in the computer or print the games. "The idea was to teach children with special needs are able to learn." Hercules and Jiló "is not a conventional software. Environment is a trainer that the tie 8 ne pr 1d78 ofesor or guardian as major players to ensure mediation and proper exploration of the technological resources and concrete materials with a view to facilitate cooperation and interaction among peers and between them and knowledge proposed. Proposed activities are divided into two categories: games to mount and play, in which the child uses the computer to design and assemble games to be played at once in real atmosphere, and games played in completely virtual computing environment. Our research has proceeded on the use of delineamientos unconventional above and the use of the method cuantidativo. Having significant that as a principle, in our work, it must have care to divide the activities of the teacher among students, which take place in the classroom, and establish an interface with the structure of playful educational software "Hercules and Jiló" We felt the need to describe in greater detail the elements considered essential to the construction of this evaluative tool, as its main objective is to evaluate and make a mapping of possible learning difficulties presented by the students. must stress that this instrument is constitui evaluative activities developed by the investigator, based on the curriculum proposal the compulsory primary and secondary educations of public schools in the Federal District. Assessment Instrument That was implemented on two separate occasions: before and after the implementation of Educational Software "Hercules and Jiló." From building activities this instrument was necessary to develop a protocol for comment, containing a list of areas involved in the process of perception of possible learning difficulties of pupils, in this first application of the Instrument. Observation Protocol That helped us to identify and diagnosing what were the areas that the students had greater difficulties, as well as make some necessary adjustments in the Evaluation Instrument, applied for the first time the subject of the investigation, so that we could improve and that would not have any kind of faults in the second application, ie after the application software concerned with the students' participating in the investigation. "To make lod analysis of the data, it has been necessary to take away the Protocol Free Observer, where registrábamos information regarding the performance of individuals investigated, to resolve the issues of the Legislative Evaluation and Mapeado of the potential difficulties of Student Learning in the process of Literacy. The results of the data showed that there was, in a general way, a significant improvement for the majority of students participating with the exception of the individual participant number 15, who has presented a better performance in the first evaluation in the second. The first assessment the percentages were: 56% of any difficulty to 33% in the second evaluation 45% difficulties in the first assessment compared to 78% in the second. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that 20 participating students have improved quite a significant percentage level in the category no difficulty (ND). Professor (participant in the investigation) , in depoimento evaluates, or the software used "Hercules and Jiló," allows the creation of new activities aprimoran content and curriculum is compatíble with the age group of pupils which promotes learning. Generally students demonstraran plazer in perform related activities in the software. Reliance computerized descaracteriza the formal atmosphere of the room classrooms where students feel pressured to learn, then the relationship, intercábio experience is motivating, encouraging the students to handle the machine curious to know better. Students with and without learning difficulties can hardly deny this contact with the software and work with the games smoothly and without fear of mistakes. Estes arguments confirm the results presented by the students participating in research, when the analisamos graphics and the percentage for each of the subjects, in relation to the categories of performance in the ongoing efforts of Instrumiento evaluation, as well as in mapeamento of learning difficulties. representative data had improved quite a significant level percentage category any difficulty (ND). Professor (participant in the research), evaluated in depoimento, or the software used "Hercules and Jiló," allows the creation of new activities aprimoran content and curriculum is compatíble with the strip age of pupils which promotes learning. Generally students demonstraran plazer to conduct activities related to the software. Reliance computerized descaracteriza the formal atmosphere of the room classrooms where students feel pressured to learn, then relationship, intercábio experience is motivating, encouraging the students to handle the machine with curiosity to know better. Students with and without learning difficulties can hardly deny this contact with the software and work with the games smoothly and without fear of err. Estes arguments confirm the results presented by the students participating in research, when analisamos graphics and the percentage for each of the subjects, in relation to the categories of performance in the ongoing efforts of Instrumiento evaluation, as well as the mapeamento of learning difficulties. representative data indicate a significant improvement for maiorya of students, after the implementation of this software Education. In this perspective, we can conclude that the analysis evaluation of the implementation of educational software "Hercules and Jiló "indicate that the learning situations proposals, leads to a um aluno process more creative and motivating for carrying out activities related to the curriculum and the continuing the progración of estúdio class where the research was conducted. Nevertheless, it would give ordem de uma certa presunçà £ relate or you just à ª xitos do projeto that deu origem this tese, porém is revistos poderà £ feed and breed or novas alternatives for aplicaçà £ deste or e / ou de outros instruments gives computer educational dg School, special em gives rede public ensino £ numbers or just not federal district.

Author: REMESAL ORTIZ ANA.
Year: 2005.
University: BARCELONA [www.ub.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGÍA EVOLUTIVA Y DE LA EDUCACIÓN - UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA.

Summary: This study is based on two things background. On the one hand, the educational reform state in the decade of 1990, along with a reform movement discipline, both related to the assessment and mathematics on the other hand, the polysemic nature of the terms "problem" and "assessment" in the context lingüstico-cultural where the study was conducted. The purpose of this study is to explore comparatively conceptions of teachers and students on the math problems in connection with the evaluation, as well as contrasting these conceptions with the use of the mathematical problems in connection with the evaluation, as well as contrasting these concepts with the use that is made of the problems in the school routine evaluation practices, in order to advance the understanding of the processes of teaching and learning problem solving. The study was conducted using a method of qualitative research. The subjects came from 18 urban schools in Barcelona and the surrounding area. They met 30 teachers from primary and 20 secondary education compulsory in the first phase. In a second phase of the study interviewed 60 students from the grupos-clase of 10 of them teachers. Teachers also made a personal selection of assessment work used in their classrooms, taken by themselves as representative of their practice. We used a software package for qualitative content analysis to analyze transcripts of the interviews. The most prominent work is the empirical evidence for the existence of divergent conceptions among teachers and students about the mathematical problems as a tool for assessment of learning math. These conceptions discordant could imply that a significant group of pupils, which were seen as poor performance mathematical experiencing discrimination against fellow best performance in terms of learning opportunities in math and problem solving.

Author: Serrano Chica Francisca Dolores.
Year: 2005.
University: GRANADA [www.ugr.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Psicología.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Psicología.

Summary: The main objective of this thesis was the study of the characteristics of the evolutionary dyslexic in English, comparing its performance on a number of variables with that of children with normal development, at different times evolutionary. Similarly, this study analyzed whether these characteristics are similar to those of dyslexic learners in other writings alphabetic systems, taking into account the character transparent Castilian. In addition, an attempt was made to move in the type of dyslexia evolutionary, verifying the existence of the Spanish two most common types are described in the scientific literature on this topic, dyslexic and phonological dyslexic surface. It carried out three major studies. The first analyzed the characteristics of the dyslexic in the skills that define the basic level of development of written language, compared with children from 1Â grade Primary Education, which are!

Author: BLANCO PÉREZ MARGARITA.
Year: 2005.
University: VALLADOLID [www.uva.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN Y TRABAJO SOCIAL.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN Y TRABAJO SOCIAL.

Summary: This thesis has tried to establish a bridge between research and the professional field, particularly between research on the learning of mathematics and counseling. We have studied the Specific Learning Difficulties in Mathematics (DAW) in a curriculum in the early years of schooling, as well as their evolution. To this end we have developed an assessment test which aims to serve as an instrument for the detection of children at risk, and which in turn may in the future provide a guide to intervention. The thesis is divided into two parts, with the copilación theoretical justification for the test developed for this work, took part and empirical research is used. As a theoretical framework and experimental, we have relied on knowledge of the mathematical development of children without difficulties and research on children with DAM. The empirical study we assessed over the cycle to two groups of students with DAM, one from 1Â ° to 3Âş and others from 3Âş until 5Â ° and we compared two groups of children selected at random from the same cohort. The findings and implications educational most prominent of the probaríamos summarized as follows: 1-Teachers are able to identify the students who are going to introduce PDA with a high level of hits, it is necessary to take into account their views in Psychological evaluation. 2-For the prediction of mathematical competence at the end of the cycle is sufficient to know the student's performance in this area early in the cycle. The 90% of children whose competence in math is below 1.5 standard deviations of the mean of children without difficulty, this delay will continue to submit or more at the end of the cycle. Even with the passage of years is more likely that his delay is increased. Students with DAW evaluated at the beginning of 1Â º EP, had a year's delay in 3Âş almost two years late and 5Â sixth over two years. 3-DAM Children get scores significantly lower than children without DAM in the overall assessment of mathematics, as well as count, numbering written numerical facts, meaning the number, verbal problems, calculation and conceptual relationships from 1Â ° to 5Â °. In addition makes use of a greater proportion immature strategies and commit more errors conceptual and procedimientales. 4-It is therefore necessary to intervene early and not wait until the child present two years late because we would have to wait for 5Â ° PD It would be advisable to implement comprehensive programs also aim of the area of their difficulties and maximize their strengths prevent the emergence of other associated symptoms. 5-Children who have a PDA as well as low-level reader get a competitive total curriculum significantly lower than that of children who have an acceptable level reader. They are also lower in the count, meaning the number and especially in calculation and numerals written. 6, DAM-Children are no different from children without DAM in testing IC scale Wschler early in 1Â eighth but if 3Âş. We can therefore say that the DAM affecting performance in this type of measurement, so it is advisable to assess at the beginning of their schooling, in order to prevent this effect Mathew "hinder the identification of special educational needs . 7-Such difficulties should be considered permanent educational needs, as far from overcoming their difficulties students with DAW increasingly are delayed compared to their peers without DAM.

Author: DÍAZ MEGOLLA ALICIA.
Year: 2006.
University: LA LAGUNA [www.ull.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: IN THIS WORK IS THE ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC PROFILE COGNITIVO AND ADOLESCENTS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES (DAL), OF ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER BY ASSOCIATE A HIPERACTIVIDAD (ADHD), STATUS COMÓRBIDA ADHD + DAL AND A GROUP OF PERFORMANCE NORMAL (RN). COMPARE TO THAT IS ALL IN DIFFERENT GROUPS OF TEEN ACTION COGNITIVAS (PROCESSING FONOLÓGICO And ORTOGRÁFICO, VERBAL MEMORY OF WORK, AND PROCESSING PERCEPTIVO VISUAL ABILITY LINGÃÍSTICA) AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE (AREA OF LANGUAGE, MATH, WRITING AND GENERAL KNOWLEDGE). THE RESULTS OBTAINED INDICATE THAT ACTION ON DIFFERENT GROUPS OF KNOWLEDGE WITH TEENAGERS DAL (DAL AND ADHD + DAL) SUBMITTING DIFFICULTIES IN PROCESSING FONOLÓGICO And ORTOGRÁFICO, VERBAL MEMORY OF WORK, AND PROCESSING PERCEPTIVO VISUAL ABILITY LINGÃÍSTICA. BY ACROSS THE GROUP WITH ADHD PRESENTÓ DIFFICULTIES IN PROCESSING ORTOGRÁFICO WITH TASKS TO REQUERÍAN HIGH DEMANDS OF CONTROL INHIBITORIO (VERBAL MEMORY OF WORK AND ABILITY LINGÃÍSTICA). FINALLY, IN ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE GROUP WITH ADHD, ADHD + DAL DAL AND SUBMITTING AN INFERIOR PERFORMANCE IN ALL AREAS, HOWEVER, THE GROUP OF YOUNG LAD WITH WORST PERFORMANCE IN SUBMITTING AN ALL AREAS.

Author: AYUELA FERNÁNDEZ MMa. DEL MAR.
Year: 2006.
University: VALLADOLID [www.uva.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA UNIVERSITARIA DE EDUCACIÓN.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSIDAD DE VALLADOLID.

Summary: This work represents a summary of everything we understand by working attention to diversity. If we establish that any education is the same basic objective, the comprehensive development of all human capacities by encouraging personal and social skills, school integration genuine (not just nominal) must be one of the key priorities of the school. If our society is pluralistic, our school can not be discriminatory and should face the challenge of educating for diversity. Any student or student, including those with the greatest learning difficulties, is eligible for care and educational adaptation which will permit a comprehensive development of all its powers. The mere coexistence with other students in this "social laboratory" which is the school (as shown paradigm ecológico-contextual), and a training activity is of crucial importance in the oproceso socialization of the person. The integration of children with requirements Edcuativas Special (hereafter SEN) can and should carry serious and thorough. From this perspective we try answering some questions that we plant:-In the context of respect for school teaching-learning processes of each unao of children with SEN? - Why in the classroom, with children with SEN not take place apprenticeships most significant "of everyday life" and not as "academic"? - Why children with SEN are labeled and stigmatized since the school? - What role played by the social aspect in the life and the educaciñon of children with SEN? What procedures are necessary to use in working with children with SEN? - When the Curricular Adaptations Singles (ACIs) that take place will be real flexible and not simply useless without papers? - When our educational practice teaching with children with SEN is going to take the educational principles that govern our education do? This raised the experience held in a public center, a rural environment Spanish, with a group of girls in general and one in particular. The fact working to pass a clinical model to one based on a constructivist model. The first topic concerns the learning contexts and he tried to:-Responding to an attempt to contextualize the initial history and the reality of Mary. He claims to be a form of "framing" the girl in the contexts in which it operates (highly complex realities of interrelated) and ranging in Mary generating a "build their ego" very peculiar and own. - Addressing the theoretical models that focus from the "reality of Mary." To do so we started doing an evolution of Special Education and SEN generally, and in Spain, in particular, to finish framing integration and inclusion as principles that frame or rather want delimitrar, our educational endeavor valuing diversity in school ordinaria.Todo taking into account the two are the pillars that support the world of Mary, the family and escuela.Ambos from a double theoretical approach, where ecological microsystems where lives are intertwined and have a deep improtancia in the development of Mary, and the socio-cultural perspective which states as the evolution of the psychic processes are inseparable from the use of instruments, in this case, oral and written language and reasoning lógico-matemático. The second topic we have called "working from natural situations in the classroom" and responds to the methodological part. Englobamos:-From an ethnographic approach to analyze ecological and Mary as a unique case, where it acquires all its relevance. We outline the stages of our investigation as "8 shared 5ee ments interrelated," responding, in an attempt to present a clear and simple way, the relations between them. We discuss the different phases of our work all of this from a perspective of "researcher participant" and not forgetting where we turn our action. - We raised the analysis of data collected in the classroom with Mary support for a subsequent study from the software Nvivo 2.0, highlighting the important aspects in the life of the girl from a narrative and analytical. All this coupled with the approach of projects as an alternative to enseñanzaque until then had been given. All this has generated changes in the world of Mary and their teacher PT-Apoyo. Changes referred to the end of the work, along with the prospects for the future that are targeted everything thought and worked.