MENTAL HANDICAP

Author: RODRIGUES VIEIRA ANA GRAÇA.
Year: 2003.
University: VIGO [www.uvigo.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD PSICOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA.
Place of preparation: OURENSE UNIVERSIDADE DE VIGO.

Author: Peral Rodriguez María del Carmen.
Year: 2004.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: Facultad de Educación. Universidad de Murcia.
Place of preparation: Facultad de Educación. Universidad de Murcia..

Summary: The Response Guidance (RO) can be regarded as the core of our response atencional Central Nervous System. His unleashing indicates that the subject has seen a significant change in the environment (Sokolov, 1960, 1963). Their habituation, or phasing out of the response to the repetition of encouragement, when it appears no longer novel and becomes irrelevant to the family or individual (has created a footprint mnésica). And its recovery occurs when conditions change stimulation. The various components of the RO and their indices measure would inform us about a kind of process that would atencional significant implications for learning and cognitive development, and the response electrodérmica the index more representative of the RO (Barry, 1990). Various studies have raised the possibility of responsiveness psicofisiológica specific patterns in different forms of intellectual disabilities (Clausen and Sersen, 1983, Martinez Jungle, Sanchez Garcia and Florit, 1995). In order to deepen the understanding of the pattern of responsiveness electrodérmica in subjects with intellectual disabilities and disorder neuromotor, carried out a search of the RO electrodérmica before a classic paradigm of habituation and cessation before auditory tones neutral (1000 Hz and 90 dB). The sample consisted of a total of 37 subjects with intellectual disabilities (divided into two groups: 16 affected by Cerebral Palsy and 21 affected by other disorders neuromotores), and 46 subjects without intellectual disabilities or motor disorder (control group), aged 3 and 38 years. All subjects were divided into two groups according to their age (younger than 6 and older than 7 years). The corresponding ANOVAS made to the variables of size and frequency responses electrodérmicas specific (to the stimuli presented) and unspecific, levels of skin conductance and number of tests to reach the criterion of habituation, helped verify that the groups showed hiporresponsividad with pathological conductance lower than the control group, no differences in the variables between the two groups psychophysiological pathological. There was an increased reactivity to stimulate change in the control group, particularly among those older than 7 years. In all experimental conditions were found more activation, with the highest levels of conductance, the greater magnitude and frequency responses electrodérmicas, in the left hand and between those under 6 years (although the age differences disappeared before the presentation of auditory stimuli ). The results indicate the need for further deepening the study of possible patterns of differential responsiveness electrodérmica in subjects with different forms of disability and suggest the need to control variables is not always taken into account in these studies such as age, sex and asymmetry electrodérmica (differences between right and left hand).

Author: GAETE FERES HECTOR.
Year: 2004.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA [www.upc.edu].
Place of defense: ETSAB.
Place of preparation: ETSAV, EDIFICI SC1 Campus SANT CUGAT DEL VALLÈS.

Summary: The thesis is developed in the field of urban and Disciplinary deepens in the administration and management associated with cities. The administration and management of town planning is a tool of the State to ensure the common good in the territory and is the key to his leadership towards a more comprehensive and equitable development for the benefit of people. There are two essential elements of context that are addressed in the proposition because it is crucial to respond to the environment that produced them to articulate and create the framework to be deployed in urbanism in Chile. One, the neoliberal economic restructuring is shown as an example to follow, endorsed by fiscal accounts sorted, low inflation and controlled by a sustained growth. It has however, problems meso and micro levels and there is a strong tension between the roles of the state and market and upgrades that are outstanding at the base of setbacks. A key is to the administration and management of urban design. Two, accentuated centralism that characterizes the way in which the government assumes their roles everyday, its planning process, the distribution of resources, etc.. However, while liberalism and centralism tend to determine the style of development, is not monolithic. Guided by this scenario, get away from structuralism as an increased tendency to paralysis in management. The thesis was discovered spaces, which the configuration neoliberal-centralista leaves open to move towards modernizing and strengthening the administration and management of urban design. The cities are more balanced for urban life, that the sizes above, make it more viable governance and allow greater sustainability of the environment. However, by their nature regionalperiférico respect of the major national capitals, have two obvious limitations one, the scarcity of resources of all kinds to be played with the management and administration of urbanism, and another, the lack of coordination between the actors involved. The thesis both assimilated and proposes ways to address them. In response to the above, the central aim of the thesis is to provide knowledge in urban planning, with a view to improving the efficiency and effectiveness of administration and management in the cities proposing elements to move towards a model of Administration and Management Appropriate , ie a model based on the local reality, territorial and institutional specific place. As a case study concentrated effort in the Metropolitan Area of Design (Great Conception), Republic of Chile. The proposal is structured around three axes key: finding niches for modernization; give mainstreaming and integration of urban driving, and face shortages with associativity. There are, in turn, three strategic factors that have a central role in the proposal: the incorporation of the private sector / community, the contribution of scientific and technological system, and the intensive use of new information technologies. The investigation faces; via methodological approach, looking from a position holistic articulation and convergences of discipline; to traditional compartmentalization of knowledge in urban and sectoral vision in the conduct and management of urban areas. That's because the city is of high complexity and integration of systems it is deployed. The type of investigation, as appropriate to the purposes, it des 8 criptiva 3c3 -exploratoria. It was developed by integrating characterizations and analysis of the current situation and making traditional explorations strategic to both causation to strengthen the conceptualization, describing the contradictions or find the cracks through which to enter the inputs.