GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY

Author: Sánchez González Juan Manuel.
Year: 2003.
University: ISLAS BALEARES [www.uib.es].
Place of defense: Departamento de Psicologia.
Place of preparation: Departamento de Psicología.

Summary: We studied the effects of night work permanent rotating shifts on personal well-being (life satisfaction), material well-being, labor welfare welfare sexual-afectivo, family satisfaction and performance perceptivo-visual. It analyzes the relationship between the family and the labor domain, and also the influence of the type circadiana, health behaviors, salary antigà ¼ age, consumption of drugs, duration, duration of sleep, number of dependent children, time management, substance abuse and domestic tasks. In total have participated 197 workers in various professions daytime shifts, and rotating night. Scale has been used for Psychological Welfare, (Sánchez-Cánovas, 1998), Scale Composed of typology circadiana (Smith, 1989), the test Similar Forms (Thurstone, 1986), and a questionnaire itself for sociodemographic variables . The main results show the negative effects of rotating shift work and night work permanently in welfare measures, and rotation in family satisfaction of the workers.

Author: GOMES PINTO ELISEO AUGUSTO.
Year: 2003.
University: EXTREMADURA [www.unex.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN.

Summary: The health can only be understood taking into account the fabric of interactions of biological, psychological, socio-cultural and government personnel. Thus, the present study aimed at:-To determine the extent to which life events inducers of perceived stress were associated with states of health and disease. B-evaluate as certain psychological characteristics (Health Locus of Control: Auto concept; Caution and discomfort in social situations; Sense internal consistency) are associated, in general, to health and disease. C-To determine the extent to which the Social Support is associated with the management (response and personal resources and perceived stress) of the events of life stress inducers. D-assess endocrine levels (cortisol and catecholamines) urinals and determine if they are associated with stress levels. In this way, we intend to give a small contribution to understanding the health as a result of many factors, also calling attention to the importance of the person must be understood as a whole, in a complex web of multiple influences. It has sought to conduct a comprehensive study and integrator, we are trying to synthesize through a theoretical model, in a vast array of factors that relate to a very complex, contributing to the comprehensive biopsychosocial welfare of each individual. SAMPLE The study was conducted with a sample consisting of 1265 subjects, residents in 16 municipalities in the district of Leiria, aged between 17 and 73 years old, 60% are married and about 67% are sex female. They have a breakdown by all levels of education, from elementary to advanced, and occupy the most diverse professions, from administrative to senior executives. Most works on behalf of another and has a monthly output of less than 1250 euros. Most of the subjects of the sample using public health services (hospitals and clinics) up to three times per month and about a third suffer from one or more chronic diseases. A quarter of the sample takes medication without a prescription and nearly one third d does not meet the guidelines that health professionals give. Of the subjects resident in the town of Leiria was extracted a subsample, consisting of 73 participants, who was also taken for urine endocrine determination. INSTRUMENTS To assess variables in the study, we use measuring instruments translated and validated for the Portuguese population (LES, ODS, and SOC BPS), instruments built for the Portuguese population (LCS, and ESS ICAC).

Author: RODRIGUES DE MAGALHÁES EMILIA EDUARDA.
Year: 2003.
University: EXTREMADURA [www.unex.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: The passage of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century, coincides with the demographic transition, a phenomenon that represents the transition from a situation of high rates of mortality and birth rates for the situation in which they requiebran although at much lower levels. This demographic change of the regime offered to the people of our time the benefit of a significant increase in life expectancy, despite the marked decline in fertility has led to a gradual aging of the population. The aging population translates to an increase in the relative number of elderly in the total population. This phenomenon occurs in the populations of developed countries as a result of converging: the decline in the birth rate and the decline in the mortality rate in relation to all ages, which leads on the one hand to a reduction the proportion of the younger age groups in the population, and secondly, extends the life of individuals in other age groups. The authors refer to studies made in the community, we found depressive symptoms until 15% of the elderly. Prevaleciendo depression Major less than 4%, and the absence of depression Major differences based on sex, although the symptoms of depression were significantly more common in females. Under the epidemiological point of view failed to test whether the incidence of depressive illness increases in the elderly. Depression is more common in older people who receive health care, demonstrating a substantial increase in hospitalized elderly patients and in those who live in residence or institutions for the elderly, could reach 40% of the elderly who have symptoms and signs of depression. Measuring levels of depression. Measuring levels of depression in hospitalized elderly patients is difficult due to the coexistence of serious physical illness, although some studies show that about half of patients have some signs of depression. For these authors elders living in community represent a healthy population and those living in institutions for the elderly represent a selected population by increasing the physical illness and psychiatric vulnerability, in other words depression can be one of the reasons they led by such institutions or homes for the elderly. However, it is likely that the increased depression of the elderly residents in institutions ea also a consequence of the departure of their homes and their families.

Author: VILLORIA LÓPEZ CARLOS.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: From the perspective of motivational psychology to understand gambling as a bet with proposals aimed at obtaining goals (internal and external) and characterized by a series of estimates autoevaluativas, efficiency and success. The fact differ notablmente on the strength of the objectives and the nature of the estimates translates into a high variaiblidad behavioral predictive model through the motivational components of the game of chance (MCM). This model is based on the paradigm of expectation / value and describes a complex cognitive representation linked to these actions bet, in response to the belief (component expectativo) and the valuations (valorativo component). In this research, after reviewing theoretical outlines the theoretical basis of model comprehensive contrast the psychometric properties of the MCP based on the study population (416 university community Madrid). The results found satisfactorily confirm that the MCP has a high degree of congruence between the theoretical model and hipotetizado shown by the evidence in two versions, and for all types of games studied. The appraisals and estimates constitute motivational force resulting behavior conceived as expressed game, it depends on each mode of play, having found in the three most characteristic (letters, slot machines and lottery nationally). The line of research undertaken shows that the behavior of gambling bet is preceded with goals of internal and external value of the activity, the value of incentives and estimates relating to gambling to bet, and there is a high interaction among these determinants and the conduct of jeugo, displayed and analyzed through motivational model under investigation.

Author: GONZÁLEZ CUBILLAN LESBIA JOSEFINA.
Year: 2005.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: EDUCACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Author: BAEZA LANUZA ROSA.
Year: 2005.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE MEDICINA.

Summary: This study developed an observational scale for the assessment of pain in patients with severe cognitive deficits, specifically the elderly with dementia. To choose the items was on a study conducted in Delphi health professionals with experience in caring for these patients. This was followed by a selection of items through various studies of factor analysis. It was determined the validity and reliability of the instrument through its use in different situations pilot, as well as the cut-off point for diagnosing pain using ROC curves. Finally, he settled his sensitivity to detect changes in pain intensity models of acute and chronic pain. It was concluded that the scale AGE, built with eight items observational instrument is a valid, reliable, understandable and responsive to assess pain in patients with severe deficits that prevent their disclosure to the caregivers.

Author: HERRAIZ GONZALO FÉLIX.
Year: 2005.
University: AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA [www.uab.es].
Place of defense: SALA DE GRAU FACULTAT DE MEDICINA BELLATERRA.
Place of preparation: UNIVERSITAT AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA.

Summary: Introduction HIV infection affects a significant number of prison population, by 20%. Since the advent of HAART (highly active antiretroviral treatment) has been significantly reduced the number of deaths, becoming a chronic disease. However, its effectiveness has been limited by the degree of compliance that requires (membership estimated at around 95%). In addition, the prison population presents some idiosyncratic characteristics that hinder monitoring of treatment, such as drug abuse, high impulsivity, a different scale of values (minor's health) and a lack of self-care habits. Moreover, the detention has an impact on their health, both in direction (for easy access to medical care, containment of the drugs, etc..) Or unfavorable (low quality of care for the small number of professionals involved, Psychosocial stress, powerlessness, low self-esteem, etc..). OBJECTIVES assess and analyze the predictive ability of the major psychosocial variables that influence adherence to treatment antirretrovial in internal HIV in prison, in prison Men Barcelona (Model). MATERIALS AND METHODS There has been a longitudinal study, which has assessed adherence to HAART in HIV internally, for a period of six months, through a semi-structured interview and databases, which has collected information on the socio-demographic variables, criminal / prison, clinical features of treatment, psychological (relational, socio, and emotional) and adherence to HAART. RESULTS The study was initiated by 75 inmates, falling to three months to 57 inmates, and at six months, 40 inmates, for reasons unrelated to antiretroviral therapy (transfers, freedom and referral to other resources). The level of self-reported adherence overall rose from 72.5% at baseline to a 76.9% at six months, while the accession measure through information on the pills ingested in the last four days was a 76.9%, both at the beginning and at the end of the study. The multiple regression analysis more relevant to the overall self-reported adherence were at six months, the self-efficacy (15.4%) measured at baseline, and at six months, fatigue (41.7%) to the extent three months. Regarding the non-ingested pills in the past four days, the predictive variables were at six months, depression (13.9%) evaluated at the beginning and, within six months, fatigue (17%) evaluated at three months. CONCLUSIONS The mood, particularly, the strength and fatigue, and some health-related beliefs, such as self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, the complexity of treatment are significant in adherence to antiretroviral HIV internal pressure , and it would be important to implement specific programs in those areas worked to increase adherence to HAART.

Author: MARTÍN LÓPEZ EVA.
Year: 2005.
University: EXTREMADURA [www.unex.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FORMACIÓN DEL PROFESORADO.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FORMACIÓN DEL PROFESORADO.

Summary: This paper comes from educational practice and with the aim of improving the teaching process -aprendizaje of music. To that end, he examines the causal relationship between an intervention in the care and improvement of skills musical measures in the Test Seashore, starting prior to a revision of the main research related to musical abilities. Seeing that the work relating musical talents with the attention they do not in the direction of our hypothesis we mark three goals. The first objective, it tries to verify a successful intervention in response to improving musical skills and keeping a job in care over time. The second goal, responds to the need to see what kind of intervention is most effective care for the improvement of musical skills. The third objective, it seeks to demonstrate the importance of working at attention as a pedagogical resource for the development of musical skills. The participating group was composed of two hundred students aged between 10 and 12 years and residing in the towns of Miguel Torres Sesmero, Almendral and Barcarrota. With this show, we raised a design intergroup pretest-postet with a control group worked with four experimental groups and one control group. With the four experimental groups perform the four interventions design: intervention in visual attention, auditory attention intervention, intervention in the internal attention and intervention in comprehensive care. Interventions visual and auditory were related to the care outside (network later Posner) and the interior with attention inside (network earlier Posner). The intervention consisted of a combination of the previous three. All interventions were conducted in ten sessions of twenty minutes each for three months. The results obtained after our intervention were: 1-A job systematic attention through various interventions improve musical skills and such an improvement was still maintaining a years later. 2 - The intervention has been more effective intervention in the internal care. 3 - The implication is clear that teaching about the importance of internal attention is the inclusion in our teaching methodology, as a pedagogical resource, care activities involving internal introspection or to realize due to the proven effectiveness (via a analysis of variance ANCOVA) of this intervention. Overall, we confirm the importance of work in inner attention for its effectiveness in improving the skills of our students and music for the many advantages that this type of work may have on the teaching-learning process.