INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Author: JIMENEZ ARGÒELLES VICTOR.
Year: 2005.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA [www.upc.edu].
Place of defense: AULA 10.44. ETSEIB.
Place of preparation: ETSEIB, EDIFICI H PLANTA 10 Campus SUD.

Summary: This thesis is done with the primary purpose of providing power to the construction industry a tool that can be integrated into the plans for the prevention of occupational risks. Mainly because the number of accidents occurring in the sector remains alarming, despite the actions taken by employers and other organizations. Such actions that have been taking place, have tried to solve the problem of accidents, attacking each other and the technical part share in the existing regulations preventing occupational hazards. These measures have generally been motivated to attack something that is tangible in the first instance and therefore can be measured. Appearance that many employers look good because in this way they comply with the requirements of the law. But the situation is that these actions are being insufficient, it is required to consider other aspects that may help reduce the number of accidents. In this respect, and taking into account that many accidents have noticed actions risk by the same workers involved, it is intended to use the theory of security based on behaviors and included in the plans for risk prevention, especially in the construction sector. The fundamental premise on which this investigation was based was considering that the job security can be improved substantially if changing risky behavior of employees by about safe behaviors. For such purposes, and particularly for behavioral changes, it is considered intervention âanálisis ACCâ and âlíneas base reinforcement positivoâ. Through these tools is intended to change behavior insecure (risk) of the workers and that they can adopt safe behavior (Prevention). But intervention is intended to reach beyond, and emphasizes the importance of establishing positive attitudes also, and finally achieving an macro change, a change in organizational culture. He emphasized that in order to establish these changes requires some kind of systemic interventions, ie that the entire organization should be involved in this way can be established a good track record for the behavior. This research also highlights the need for the involvement of all stakeholders in order to adapt to the rules and realities specific circumstances of each branch and each sector in question. It highlighted the conditions prevailing in the construction sector, in the sense that it is difficult to implement a plan of traditional risk prevention, as many variables that are out of control. Therefore, unable to change many of the conditions prevailing in the area, to enable them to just plans in the prevention of occupational risks, the most direct way is to speak directly attacking the behavior of workers, which States should examine the causes and background and the many factors that are due and try to attack and modify these, which will require cooperation and communication between clientes-empresarios-directivos-jefes of obra-supervisores of seguridad-trabajadores. Finally an analysis of the barriers that we believe are generally present in the process of prevention of occupational hazards.

Author: RODRIGUEZ MUÑOZ MARIA DE LA FE.
Year: 2005.
University: NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA [www.uned.es].
Place of defense: PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FCULTAD DE PSICOLOGIA (UNED).

Summary: The main objective of this paper is a study on affection generated by the social comparison to understand how it affects the health of people in an organizational context, analyzing specifically, its influence on a range of health consequences labor individuals. Historically was Festinger (1954) in his "Theory of social comparison", who pointed out that par reduce uncertainty about our behaviors, feelings and beliefs, we tend to compare with people like us. This need for social comparison, is where it is not possible evaluarnos directly through objective factors. To analyze this goal has been met with 779 subjects, time 1, professional soldiers of the Armed Forces and Spanish chosen at random. The second takes data consists of 283 participants. The effect generated by the social comparison has been measured with a translation into Spanish of the scale Identificación-Constraste Van der Zee and cabbage. (2000), conducted by the team of Professor Peiró (UIPOT, Valencia). Conflict and ambigà ¼ age roles have been measured with translating Peiró, Melia, Torres and Zurriaga (1986) of the questionnaire Rizzo, House and Lirztman (1970). The burnout has been measured using the Spanish translation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (Schaufely, Leiter, Maslach and Jackson, 1996) conducted by Gil-Monge (2002). The physical and psychological malaise has been measured with the scale of "physical and psychological welfare" of the OSI (Occupational Stress Indicator) Cooper, Sloan and Williams (1988), used this version has been translated into Spanish by the team the University of Valencia directed by JM Peiró. The job satisfaction was measured with the scale of "Satisfaction Labor OHS (Occupational Stress Indicator) Cooper, Sloan and Williams (1988), used this version has been translated into Spanish, as in previous cases, the team University Valencia led by JM Peiró. The results have highlighted that the ambigà ¼ age role is an element elicitador of social comparison. addition, it also has highlighted the importance of compared to those who are better and feel good for it as a strategy to improve the health and job satisfaction.