ACCIDENT PREVENTION

Author: CAMINO LÓPEZ MIGUEL ÁNGEL.
Year: 2003.
University: BURGOS [www.ubu.es].
Place of defense: ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA SUPERIOR.
Place of preparation: ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA SUPERIOR. CAMPUS DE SAN AMARO.

Summary: Study sector in the period 1990-2000, through analysis of the information contained in the mandatory Party Official Accident Working which rise to one million six hundred thirty thousand four hundred and fifty-two. This information has been channeled into three types of variables: a) Grabedad the accident. B) Explanatory variables or the Major Accident. C) Explanatory Variables Complementary or not. By undertaking two studies describing the accident and accidents have been obtained major deviations occurred between Real Frequency and Frequency expected through tables of contingencies. It also checks the independence not including the application of statistical "chi-square." Subsequently, it was shown that measurements taken between the various groups presented evidence difference significtivas applying T student, which allows contrasting scenarios raised and say, therefore, that accidents in the sector vary depending on the values that make the personal variables this is age, sex and qualifications of the worker bumpy. It also shows that the severity of accidents varies when altering the values of the main variables. Subsequently through logistic models check the influence of the explanatory variables (personal, business, temporal, geographical and agency) in the severity of the accident, giving an equation that allows to know the probability of the accident is serious in terms of the values that make these variables. This model enables mapping of gravity and cost of accidents at construction sites. These tools will improve, ultimately, preventive planning of the axtividad builder.

Author: MESEGUER DE PEDRO MARIANO.
Year: 2004.
University: MURCIA [www.um.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE DERECHO.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: Interest in studying the phenomenon of harassment at the workplace (mobbing) was due to the frequency with which it occurs in organizations, to the interventions. The work is divided into two main sections. The first, made a description of the area in which the study was conducted (fruit and vegetable): then discusses some of the contextual factors and organizational within what is called psychosocial risk factors, their classification and their situation Spain: This section concludes with a description of mobbing and their most important characteristics. In the second, presented the objectives, medotología, results and discussion and conclusions from them. In terms of the objectives of the research was aimed to analyze the descriptive aspects of this phenomenon (incidence, components and source), the possible association with psychosocial risk factors, the association with the health effects of workers and absenteeism from work , and the search for potential predictors of mobbing in psychosocial factors included in the study. The sample consists of a total of 396 workers belonging to a company in the horticultural sector, were used quantitative tools (questionnaires standardized psychosocial factors, mobbing and psychosomatic problems) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews with 33 people in the organization). The main conclusions to be arrived are: A high incidence rate (28%) of mobbing, involvement of supervisors in these practices, a statistically significant association with mobbing psychosocial factors, absentismos and with the problems psychosomatic included in this study, and were identified as predictors of this phenomenon, especially with three of its forms of expression (personal harassment, bullying at work performance and other forms of harassment), four predictors (loading mental defining role , interest in the work and supervision / share).

Author: DIAZ HERNÁNDEZ ALEJANDRO.
Year: 2005.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGÍA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGÍA.

Summary: Work-related accidents in Spain occur more likely than in almost any other European Union country. Oblivion endemic to the psychosocial factors seem to be a more likely explanation for this. Given that only recently the Spanish legislation has been considered important that the tools to measure them appear relatively late in our country, and that companies are still willing to use little can be said that the empirical work that psychosocial factors and elections accidents are of vital importance to our country. The work is presented in this line. In a place of privilege in the investigation of the psychosocial factors associated with risks and accidents, is the concept of safety culture. A number of investigations into large-scale accidents like the one at Chernobyl or the alpha platform in the North Sea, indicate that the lack of a proper safety culture in companies had led to the incidents, and eventually led to the disasters. As a result of this interest in the organizational culture of security, it has become apparent in the investigation of the need of a workable definition of this concept, so broad spectrum, with or instrument measurement techniques that allow a better comparison of results. It is common closely relate the concepts of culture and climate of security. The security climate, can be seen as a temporary measure for the safety culture. This last concept, the security climate, it has been more than the operating culture, but since different approaches and different structures. A model of operational way that articulates the role of the interaction between the individual and their organization on their own security is, however, necessary. Similarly, recent reports of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (2000) is explicit the need to develop a systematic methodology for the control and monitoring of the issue of workplace accidents in the European Union. D Such reports, while collecting information from the fifteen member states, are a useful source of information for those professionals who work in the Psicosociología labor, or more broadly, for those with responsibilities for Safety and Health . However, such reports are not exempt from problems, as is evident in the report mentioned, there must be progress on three key aspects in the assessment: 1 - The methodology used 2 - The reliability of indicators 3, the value-added of the national reports. The literature review how evidence from different research groups Europeans are contributing in a number of these three priority front and others involved. The thesis is moving forward in this line: A model for measuring the climate of security that can be considered generalist press a methodology of work, studying the reliability and validity of the indicators, and presents empirical evidence on relations with industrial accidents and other measures organizational health. Avanza, in the end, be able to count on monitoring tools for the safety and occupational health.

Author: SEGURADO TORRES ALMUDENA.
Year: 2006.
University: OVIEDO [www.uniovi.es].
Place of defense: DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: This research aims at studying the psychosocial hazards in the workplace, in particular mobbing from a psychosocial approach, comprehensive and preventive occupational hazards. In the first part, it comes under teórico-aplicativo from which deals with the subject of study and where elaborates on the meaning and psychosocial assessment of the nature of this type of work hazards. Also discusses the constraints and problems arising from their status and preventive treatment within the Safety and Health at Work. The second part is for the empirical study in which assesses mobbing in the Local Police of Asturias through a quantitative and qualitative methodology (survey, questionnaires, focus groups and interviews). The results noted a significant incidence of bullying at work manifestations of this professional group. Finally, we designed a protocol for action that includes the intervention program to prevent the emergence of this occupational hazard.