GROUPS PROCESSES

Author: ALVAREZ FERNANDEZ MARIA DEL SOL.
Year: 2004.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: Based on the theories of the goals of achievement (Nicholls, 1989) and self-determination (Deci and Ryan, 1985a; Ryan and Deci, 2000a, 2002), both within the framework of theories cognitivo-sociales, our interest in this study check has focused on what is the role that social factors (motivational climate of involvement in the task and ego and to support autonomy created by the coach) on the individual factors (orientations goal and basic psychological needs) and on their motivation auto-determinada (index of self-determination) and psychological well-being (life satisfaction, vitality and self-esteem) of footballers cadets. The purpose of this study sample was composed of 370 male players Valencians cadets, belonging to 32 schools in football basis, aged between 12 and 16 years (mean = 14.77; standard deviation = .72). Our research results have shown: That the motivational climate of involvement in the ego can influence the development of guidance to ego, which in the case that is not accompanied by a high perception of competence can interact negatively with motivation auto-determinada, also can influence the development of an approximation to the result which, in turn, is linked with negative motivation auto-determinada and, finally, it can also frustrate the need for connection, which in in turn, may have a lower psychological well-being (life satisfaction and vitality). Thus, one can infer that when coaches of footballers cadets emphasize a motivational climate of involvement in the ego, characterized by the importance given to the competition (where the only important thing is to win), which punished the errors and promotes rivalry, which gives a distinct attention to the players depending on the level of capacity of each and where power is the design rules for the success or capacity, most likely will be contributing to a lesser motivation auto-determinada and a minor psychological well-being (life satisfaction and vitality) among its players. Moreover, we found that both a motivational climate of involvement in the task as a motivational climate of support for autonomy are seen as adequate means to meet the basic psychological needs of competence, autonomy and respect, and that the satisfaction of needs competition and self relates positively to the motivation auto-determinada, while satisfying these three requirements are positively associated with the satisfaction with life and vitality, and the competence and autonomy with self-esteem. We have also seen the motivational climate of involvement in the task influences the development of guidance to the task and an approach to the mastery, which in both cases is positively associated with the motivation auto-determinada. That is why we can infer that if the coaches put the players cadets among his players greater motivation auto-determinada and increased psychological well-being, promote both a motivational climate of involvement in the task of supporting the autonomy could be a strategy quite properly. One possible way in which coaches could promote a motivational climate of involvement in the task would be urging his players to develop performance criteria or execution auto-referenciados, teaching them to raise their own goals for improvement, leaving them participate in the decision activities to do or how to do it, enhancing teamwork and not to discriminate against players 8 in Govt 48c ion level of responsibility for each of them. Moreover, to promote a climate of motivational support for the autonomy coaches could hear the concerns of their players, foster communication with them, offering them different alternatives and options in the way of doing things, reward their initiative and respect the rhythms learning from each player promoting autonomy and responsibility so that everyone can choose the way they want to conduct their sports context.

Author: GONZALEZ MORALES Ma.. GLORIA.
Year: 2005.
University: VALENCIA [www.uv.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAT DE PSICOLOGIA.

Summary: Getting the various suggestions made by the literature on stress, this thesis presents the study of coping with stress at work, and proposes a multilevel perspective on the study of its impact from a gender perspective. First investigating the benefits of coping on the distress on the basis of gender socialization, analyzing the interaction between gender and coping in the prediction of psychological distress and psychosomatic complaints. Participants of this study are employees of Spanish banks, a sector traditionally male, and the design is cross. In a second study is intended to test the results found in the earlier study, in a context different organizational traditionally feminine, with teachers from public schools. In addition, to overcome the limitation of the cross design, with a longitudinal study design. The results support the moderating role of gender in the effectiveness of coping: coping direct action is effective in men and coping social support is effective for women, both male and female organizational contexts. Finally, having studied in coping contexts both male and female, raised a design studio and multilevel longitudinal analyzing the burnout as a collective phenomenon, from the theoretical framework of the emotional climate. The study presents a contextual analysis which examines whether the climate of collective burnout predicts job dissatisfaction, above the effect of burnout individual and if the individual's gender affects this process. The results indicate that burnout is a phenomenon that emerges group level as climate collective burnout, and this is the first work that demonstrates empirically the emergence of a climate of emotional burnout and its influence on labor attitudinal responses such as job satisfaction. Although there is no difference between men and women in the significant effect of the climate of cynicism on the collective job satisfaction, do exist in relation to the climate of collective emotional exhaustion. Only in the case of men, their job satisfaction is affected by the latter. Gender is a central explanatory factor in this dissertation, which justifies the use of a gender perspective into the work investigating stress at work.

Author: SAZ CARRANZA ANGEL.
Year: 2006.
University: RAMÓN LLULL [www.url.edu].
Place of defense: ESADE.
Place of preparation: ESADE.

Summary: This qualitative study of empirical four networks of non-profit organizations that promote the rights of immigrants in the United States. UU. Seeks to contribute to the literature of the network management focusing on two paradoxical tensions inherent in the network: Unit / diversity and cooperation / confrontation. The study identifies four core activities, activating, facilitating, framing, capacitating as sources for generating unity and maintain diversity within the network. Such unity and diversity empower networks, conceptualized as a "power to" and that has mainly four pillars of power: knowledge, financial resources, legitimacy and access. The study also shows that the networks used this power generated by and for them, along with two other activities strategyzing, mobilizing to cooperate and deal with state actors much more powerful. Using paradoxical tensions inherent in the networks as main focus, the investigation develops literature on network management, in particular on leadership and the power of the network, and aims to provide professional reflective of a conceptual framework of reference.