TRANSURANID ELEMENTS

Author: TANDRON MOYA YUDELSY ANTONIA.
Year: 2005.
University: CÓRDOBA.
Place of defense: CAMPUS DE RABANALES.
Place of preparation: CAMPUS DE RABANALES.

Summary: Many species of plants produce chemicals that interfere with the process of feeding insects fitófagos modifying the behavior of the same food through its direct interaction with gustatory receptor and preventing the occurrence of this process. Such compounds are defined as "antialimentarios." This inhibitory action of feeding insects shown by some secondary metabolites of plants is an alternative for controlinegrado pest. The chemical nature of the same is extremely varied (Alkaloids, and phenolic terpenos) and among the highlights terpenos particularly diterpenos clerodánicos and tetranotripterpenos. In this work were selected doctoral thesis three species of the family Labiatae, two Ajuga gender and gender Teucrium for search and evaluation of the activity antialimentaria of diterpenos neo-clerodánicos present in extracts of the plant. It established a rapid and effective method which enabled obtaining enriched fractions of the compounds of interest, as well as its subsequent isolation with a high degree of purity. In species Ajuga remote A.nipponensis and Teucrium fruticans were isolated, purified and identified a total of 34 compounds (12, 10 and 12 respectively) and performed the structural characterization of the same, based primarily on two-dimensional experiments and uni Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The majority (20) had not been isolated previously in these species. Nine of them were found to be new, and the other eleven, isolated for the first time in the species tested. For all compounds isolated assessed activity antialimentaria compared with larvae of Spodoptera littoralis in dual choice tests. Two of the new compounds, 6-acetilteucjaponina By its 10-hidroxi derived results powerful agents antialimentarios. The diterpenos neo-clerodánicos isolated from T.fruticans were evaluated as compared with antifungal fitopatógeno fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Starting with the culture medium of this fungus was isolated and characterized three dioxopiperazinas and assessed the activity fitotóxica of them. These showed no fitotocidad front of Brassica napus, B.juncea and Sinapis alba. Finally, a study at the molecular level of biosynthesis isoprenodies through the cloning of a sequence of cDNA coding for an enzyme allegedly involved in the biosynthesis diterpenos in Nicotiana tabacum, and the expression of this enzyme in Escherichia coli. As results of this work was the cloning of the cDNA sequence in two different expression vectors and recombinant protein was obtained, although with a very low level of expression.