RETICULAR POLYMERS

Author: ESPINOSA FERNÁNDEZ ALEJANDRO.
Year: 2003.
University: ROVIRA I VIRGILI [www.urv.cat].
Place of defense: QUÍMICA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE QUÍMICA.

Summary: The overall objective of this work has involved the development of new polymeric systems thermostable fire resistant, without detriment to the material properties and environmentally non-aggressive. It aims to improve the good properties of certain materials currently used standard, phenolic resins and epoxy resins, but by introducing a "no flammability through new systems ignifugación based on phosphorus and nitrogen, alternative systems halogenated classics widely used at present, much more toxic and dangerous to the environment than those proposed as an alternative in this study. This has been the synthesis and characterization of systems entrecruzados based resin novolaca modified in different proportions ring type benzoxazina, using a new method of synthesis based on the use of 1,3,5-trifenilhexahidro-1, 3.5 - triazine. It has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry their conduct heat as well as the influence of temperature catalyst for opening ring benzoxazina. The thermal stability of these compounds have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis in atmosphere nitrógneo and air. These systems show good thermal stability, but both the percent of change does not appear to influence the thermal properties of these. Through analysis deniamomecánico has described the amendment of resins novolaca ring of benzoxazina allows to obtain materials with good mechanical integrity, can establish relationships qualitative levels of intersecting. The retardancia the flame of these materials has been VO and V-1 depending on the degree of modification segúne test flammability UL-94 V In this paper have also been synthesized compounds epoxifosforilados to modify systems novolaca and novolaca-benzoxazina and study its thermal properties, mechanical and fire-retardant. These glicidilos not contain links hydrolytically unstable and have phosphine oxide in their structure. It has synthesized a new monoglicidilfosfinato, 10-óxido of 10-(2, 3-epoxipropil) -9.10 -dihidro-9-oxa-10-fosfafenantreno (DOPOGly) and a diglicidilo aliphatic containing phosphine oxide in its structure The oxide isobutilbis (glicidilpropiléter) phosphine (IHPOGly). The intersecting resin novolaca and novolaca-benzoxazina with DOPOGly and IHPOGly leads to systems novolaca-epoxi and novolaca-benzoxazina-epoxi with different phosphorus content and different density intersecting not emerge volatile in the polymerization reaction. It has been seen by thermogravimetric analysis that the addition of CP links in these systems reduces the thermal stability of etos, while the final content of phosphorus in políermos no influence on the rest carbonado to 800Â ° C in an inert atmosphere and if it increases in oxidizing atmosphere. The systems novolaca-epoxifosforada presented minor volocidad degradation at high levels of conversion in accordance with the proposed formation of a waste intumescente while systems novolaca-benzoxazina-epoxi present a complex mechanism of decomposition and could not relate to the presence of this . As in systems novolaca-benzoxazina have been able to establish relations qualitative levels of intersecting for systems novolaca-benzoxazina-DOPGly. For systems novolaca-IHPOGly and novolaca-benzoxazina-IHPOGly have been able to determine the glass transition temperature of not habíaa been possible to determine by DSC and tamibén temperatures of Comp 8 sions 2b5 secondary that has been linked to the chemical structure of materiales.Finalmente, adding to organophosphorus compounds systems novolaca and novolaca-benzoxazina higher degree of modification, improving its retardancia to the flame reaching degrees Vo according to the test UL-94V.

Author: RUBIO RETAMA BENITO.
Year: 2004.
University: COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID [www.ucm.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE FARMACIA.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE FARMACIA.

Summary: In this work we have synthesized new polymeric materials with which they have prepared microgeles. These systems have served colloidal systems immobilization of glucose oxidase Aspergillus niger. The package has been used subsequently in the development of biosensors amperométricos sensitive to glucose. Depending on the polymer material has been used to develop different types of biosensors. For example, the use of biocompatible polymers has helped develop first-generation biosensors can be used in measures "in vivo". Another example has been the use of polipirrol as polymeric materials. This polymer driver has enabled the design of second-generation biosensors, which polipirrol have connected the heart electrically active enzyme with the surface of the electrode, thus diminishing, the response time of the devices as well prepared as possible interfering that could affect the measures. In the search for new materials electródicos in this thesis has been assessed the feasibility of using diamond nanocristalino, NCD, as electronic media in the design of third-generation biosensors. For this purpose has been studied efficiency in the electronic transfer between Horse radish peroxidase enzyme immobilized on the surface of the electrode and two different types of NCD, one with the surface oxidized and the other with the surface low. Finally and as a step towards reducing systems coloidale presented, have been synthesized and structurally studied in polymeric nanoparticles which are aimed at restraining enzymes for use in biosensors. The purpose is to improve the analytical properties of the devices presented.

Author: BRÍGIDO DIEGO RAÚL.
Year: 2006.
University: POLITÉCNICA DE VALENCIA [www.upv.es].
Place of defense: Dep. Termodinamica Aplicada.
Place of preparation: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.