DEGRADED NEIGHBORHOODS

Author: DOMINGO HERNANDEZ M. MAR.
Year: 2004.
University: GIRONA [www.udg.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE LETRAS.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE LETRAS.

Summary: In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century the province of Vizcaya despuntó in the international context as center extractor amount of iron ore and as relevant hotbed producer sideromatalúrgico. The mining assuming ownership of the Montes de Triano and factories conquered the banks of the Nervion River, dragging behind a dense human way. Hosting this population became an issue of the first order. In addition, state institutions overwhelmed by similar problems in other parts of Spain, devised and implemented a complex administrative machinery to build the first subsidized housing. Thus, the so-called Houses Baratas were the official response to the shortage of workers' housing and Vizcaya was one of the provinces where further development had this kind of constructive proposals. Thus, the present investigation began inquiring about the origin of the problem in Bilbao and the Lower Basin Nervión, after reviewing the steps taken by the State and the Council of Biscay in this area. Having done this, it leads to a thorough overview of the main features of the building houses Baratas throughout the province of Biscay, dropping, porteriormente, to the reality of Bilbao, Baracaldo, Sestao, Portugalete, Guecho and Erandio, emphasizing local concerns. The study concludes with a comparative exercise with the Baratas Houses of Barcelena, Utica and Terrassa, with similarities and differences with the most important industrial focus of the moment in the national picture.

Author: MARTÍNEZ MONJE PEDRO MANUEL.
Year: 2006.
University: PAÍS VASCO [www.ehu.es].
Place of defense: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.
Place of preparation: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y DE LA COMUNICACIÓN.

Summary: This study deals with the causes and consequences that cause poverty and social exclusion, and more precisely, of the factors behind the exclusion space in urban areas of the advanced capitalist countries, taking as a case for analysis the Metropolitan Area Bilbao. The basic line of argument is based on the fact that the existing social inequality in the Autonomous Basque Country has increased in the nineties, despite the favorable market situation in which the average income has also increased, so that it is a process of social polarization. This, in turn, is leading him in the Metropolitan Area of Bilbao, the concentration of poverty and social exclusion. From a space, social polarization that has been reflected in a substantial difference in terms of the concentration of poverty among the banks of the Nervion River, Margin Right and Left Bank. Likewise, the welfare system and public policies developed at this stage post-welfarism and new forms of governance in cities, are giving rise to develop processes exclusion space in neighborhoods with the greatest problems of deprivation, which reflected primarily in the institutional isolation, as shown in the case analysis of Bilbao La Vieja. The study is divided into a first part, with the clarification and definition of the concept of social exclusion as well as the concept of spatial exclusion, arguing the specificity of this concept as opposed to social exclusion. To test the hypothesis exclusion space provides a model-based analysis of the paradigms of social exclusion by Hilary Silver, the thesis of social polarization and the types of welfare schemes.